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271	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-102
Role of Labile Fraction of Carbon for Soil Quality Assessment Mirawanty Amin (a*), Herlina Nanny Salamba (a), Nirmala Juita (b) (a) AIAT (Assessment Institute For Agricultural Technology of North Celebes) (a*) mirawantyamin[at]gmail.com (b) Faculty of Agriculture Hasanuddin University Abstract Agricultural land management both intensively and not, such as without tillage, crop rotation, use of agricultural machinery, use of cover crops, and many more can increase soil organic carbon sequestration (SOC). The quality of the organic carbon sequestration is an indicator of the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. Changes that occur in the SOC fraction and are relatively unstable can indicate an early indication of soil degradation or improvement in response to tillage practices. Loss of soil organic matter from tillage that occurs in the unstable fraction contained in macroaggregates. Many studies related to organic matter only analyzed their total shape and did not describe nutrient availability. Organic forms such as the labile carbon fraction are still very rarely studied and affect soil quality. The labile fraction of soil carbon is important to know because these fractions are a source of food in the soil and greatly affect the nutrient cycle and other soil properties. Keywords: carbon, labile fraction, tillage, soil properties, nutrient cycle Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mirawanty Amin)

272	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-110
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BALI CATTLE WITH LAMTORO TARAMBA (Leucaena Leucocephala cv Tarramba) FEED IN NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR (NTT) Yanuar Achadri*, Debora Kana Hau, Jacob Nulik, Procula Rudlof Matitaputty Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture Jl. Timor Raya Km.32, Kupang Timur, Kupang, NTT *yanachadri1988[at]gmail.com Abstract The aim of this research was to develop Bali cattle farming system in NTT with main base of lamtoro taramba (Leucaena Leucocephala cv Tarramba) feed. The research was conducted in Fajar Pagi Raknamo cattle group, Kupang Regency, NTT. The livestock used in this study were 20 Bali cattle with an average initial body weight of 134.38 - 164.14 kg. The observation activity was to collect data on the body weight of Bali cattle which were given the main feed of lamtoro taramba for 4 months, then calculated the daily body weight gain. The results of research showed that the average body weight of Bali cattle from the first month of observation is 134.38 kg, the second month is 159.30 kg, the third month is 159.99 kg, and the fourth month is 162.14 kg. The results of research showed for the daily body weight gain from the first month were 0.18 kg / day, the second month increased by 0.28 kg / day, and the third month increased by 0.58 kg / day. So, the daily body weight gain of Bali cattle increase with lamtoro taramba feed. Keywords: Growth performance, Bali cattle, Lamtoro taramba Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yanuar Achadri)

273	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-115
Additional Income for Poor Families through Native Chicken Farming (KUB and Sensi) Development in Gorontalo Province Soimah Munawaroh, Ari Abdul Rouf, Dwi Rohmadi, Serli Anas, Rosdiana and Amin Nur Gorontalo Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, IAARD, Ministry of Agriculture Abstract Poverty has remained a major governmental concern and in 2019, Indonesia^s poor population was 25.14 million, most of whom lived in rural areas. Consequently,several government programs have been designed to alleviate poverty, such as the development of native chicken farming for poor households which was implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the cash income from native chicken farms on a household scale. The location was Bulontala Village, Bone Bolango Regency where a total of 53 chickens were reared, and this research took place between July to September 2020. Subsequently, analysis results showed that at 70 days of harvest, the mortality rate was 1.88%, while the Sensi and KUB native chickens were estimated to have average body weights of 892 g/bird and 925 g/bird respectively. A total revenue from the sales was calculated to be IDR 2,340,000 with IDR 1,693,167 as incurred cash costs and IDR 646,833 obtained as the resultant earnings of the farmers. The RC ratio of the native chicken farming was 1.38 which was regarded as feasible, and as a result, this business was deemed capable of serving as a source of family income for the community. However, information on the chicken sales market and/or an increase in business scale are needed by the breeders and farmers to enable them to have the potential to realize profits. Keywords: Income, KUB, native chicken, poverty, sensi Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ari Abdul Rouf)

274	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-118
A comparative feasibility study of organic and conventional vegetable farming in Central Java, Indonesia Irma Audiah Fachrista (a), Irham (b), Masyhuri (c), and Any Suryantini (d) a). Bangka Belitung Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta, Indonesia. b). Department of Magister Agribusiness Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia c). Department of Socio-Economics of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 55281, Yogyakarta Abstract The objective of this study is to compare the feasibility of organic and conventional vegetable farming. The research was conducted from February to August 2018 in Getasan Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The survey involved 120 vegetable farmers- 60 organic farmers, and 60 conventional farmers. The data were analyzed by financial analysis. The t-test was used to determine the different between the feasibility of organic and conventional vegetable farming. The results showed that organic vegetable farmers receive higher revenue, incomes, and profit than conventional farmers. Organic vegetable farming also more feasible than conventional vegetable farming. Keywords: organic farming, conventional farming, vegetables, feasibility Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irma Audiah Fachrista)

275	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-119
THE EFFECT OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE FEEDING BASED ON LOCATION SPECIFIC TO PERFORMANCE OF SUMBA ONGOLE CATTLE Sophia Ratnawaty*, Ati Rubianti, Yanuar Achadri, Procula Rudlof Matitaputty Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Jl. Timor Raya Km.32, Kupang Timur, NTT sophiaratnawaty[at]yahoo.com Abstract The aim of this study to get optimal genetic potential performance of Sumba Ongole cattle by concentrate feed which derived from agricultural waste. The study was carried out in Sumba Timur Regency, NTT. The location selection based on center of Ongole cattle. The study used 15 cattles, consist of 7 pregnant heifers, 4 male calves, 4 female calves. The basal feed used a rice straw, while an agricultural waste used a rice bran, peanut straw, corn straw, corn cob, lamtoro leaves, gamal leaves, and cassava leaves. The result showed that the average change in heifers body weight which used a concentrate treatment higher than a bran treatment, consistent with the high crude fiber content (36%) and Dry Matter digestibility (KcBK) and Organic Matter (KcBO) low digestibility in-vitro (25% and 27%). The average of daily body weight of Ongole calves that received concentrate treatment was compared to bran, and was consistent with a crude fiber content 12.1%, compared to bran (5.6%). So, the conclusion of this study to increase the productivity of Sumba Ongole Cattle, it is better to use a concentrate derived from local raw materials, because the type of concentrate local raw material could improve and increase body weight, produce high Dry Matter, Organic Matter and TDN digestibility. Keywords: agricultural waste, location specific, Sumba Ongole cattle Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sophia Ratnawaty)

276	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-122
The Effect of Environmental Factors on The Productivity of Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) Chicken in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) Ati Rubianti*, Yanuar Achadri, Medo Kote, Sophia Ratnawaty, Procula R Matitaputty Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur (BPTP NTT), Indonesia Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture Jl. Timor Raya Km.32, Kupang Timur, Kupang, NTT *atirubianti25[at]gmail.com Abstract Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) Chicken is a selective range chicken which has a high egg production. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of environmental factors i.e. wind speed, humidity, and temperature on the productivity of chicken eggs Kampung Unggul Balitbangtan (KUB) layer phase at 45-48 weeks. The research was conducted in October 2020, located in Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur. The data obtained by measurement and calculation of population data, egg production, and mortality. The result showed that the average of environmental factors in the form of wind speed, humidity, and temperature were 21.40 m/s, 79.50%, and 30oC. The average of egg productivity, body weight, and mortality of KUB chicken in laying phase at 45-48 weeks were 33.56%, 1.684 kg, and 4 chicken/week. All environmental factors together give an effect on productivity of KUB chicken in NTT. Keywords: KUB chicken, environmental factor, productivity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ati Rubianti)

277	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-123
EFFECT OF LOCAL RESOURCES FEED ON DIFFERENT PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS OF BALI COW Ati Rubianti*, Sophia Ratnawaty, Yanuar Achadri, Medo Kote, Procula R Matitaputty Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of Nusa Tenggara Timur (BPTP NTT), Indonesia Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture Jl. Timor Raya Km.32, Kupang Timur, Kupang, NTT *atirubianti25[at]gmail.com Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of local resource feed on different physiological statuses in Bali cattle. This study has been carried out in the Lili Experimental Garden and the NTT AIAT from July to October 2019 (for 4 months). The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 feed treatments at different physiological status (female parent 5-7 years old, male 2-3 years old and children 6-12 months). Each treatment consisted of 3 replications so that for each physiological status there were 9 cows and a total of 27 cows were used. Feed ingredients and feed formulations are analyzed in the laboratory using proximate analysis to determine their nutritional content. The parameters observed were the nutritional value of feed, feed consumption, changes in body weight at different physiological status. The results showed that the feed treatment had a very significant effect (F count> 0.05 and 0.01) on the change in body weight of bulls and had a significant effect on feed consumption (bulls, cows and calves) and changes in body weight in physiological status. different (female parent and child). The feed treatment that gave the best average yield was B feed. The average of the highest body weight at each physiological status were bulls (0.43 kg /head/day), female cows (0.62 kg /head/day) and calves. cattle (0.28 kg/head/day). Keywords: local resource feed, bali cattle, physiological status Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ati Rubianti)

278	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-134
Relation and Influence of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Social Capital, and Warm Glow on Sustainable Agricultural Development in the Border Area of Sebatik Island A Mubarak1, Nia Kurniasih Suryana2, Elly Jumiati2, Sekar Inten Mulyani2 Faculty of Agriculture, Social Economics And Agribusiness Department, Tarakan Borneo University Abstract Sustainable agricultural development in the agricultural sector has a very significant contribution to the achievement of the targets and goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program, that is for human welfare. This study aims to analyze the relationship and influence of entrepreneurial orientation, social capital, and warm glow on sustainable agricultural development in the border area of Sebatik Island. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires and indepth interviews with 250 farmers as respondents. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method. The data collected was developed using structural equation modeling and assisted by the AMOS program. The results showed that entrepreneurial orientation, warm glow, and social capital had a significant effect on sustainable agricultural development in the border area of Sebatik Island. Keywords: Orientation entrepreneurial, social capital, warm glow, structural equation models. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ahmad Mubarak)

279	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-135
The meaning of working of Makassar tribe farmers (Case Study in Batulapis, Malino Village, Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi) Nurbaya Busthanul, Eymal B. Demmallino, Saleh S. Ali, Rahmawati A. Nadja, Masyhur Syafiuddin, Akhsan Djalaluddin, Yopie Lumoindong, A. Amrullah, A. Arfah Noor Agribusiness Study Program, Departement of Agricultural Socio-Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Abstract Every Makassar ethnic farmer has a meaning that is relevant to the values of the Makassar Tribe in the form of instrument, social, intellectual and expressive meanings in carrying out their farming activities, both subsistence farmers who are oriented with moral choice, meaning that they carry out farming activities only to meet basic needs and commercial farmers who are oriented. Rational choice means running farming activities to get the maximum benefit. This study aims to: 1) Describe the rice farming activities of the Batulapis environment, Malino Village, Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, 2) Describe the meaning of work of rice farmers in the Batulapis Environment, and 3) Identify Makassar values that are relevant to the meaning of farmer work. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach with the research location in Batulapis, Malino Village, Tinggimoncong District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The results of the study concluded that: 1) There were 2 farms that developed in the Batulapis environment, namely rice and horticulture. Knowledge of farming activities has been obtained since he was a child, in carrying out his farming activities there are several similarities ranging from preparing tools and materials to post-harvest and using traditional tools which are still maintained. 2) Subsistence Farmers and Commercial Farmers Have four existing criteria for meaning. Starting from the meaning of the instrument, the social meaning, the intristrik meaning and the meaning of expression. In each meaning there is the same meaning and different meanings depending on the conditions experienced by farmers. 3) There are several Makassar values that are relevant to the meaning of work obtained by subsistence farmers and commercial farmers. Keywords: Meaning of work, Farmers, Subsistence, Commercial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurbaya Busthanul)

280	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-145
Optimizing Resources through Bio-Industrial Agriculture Innovations based on Vegetables and Beef-cattle in the Middleland of Tabanan, Bali Province L Hutahaean, VW Hanifah Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development (ICATAD), Ministry of Agriculture, Bogor, Indonesia Abstract Abstract. Bio-industrial agriculture innovation is intended to reach a sustainability in farming practices by optimizing local resources and addressing environmentally friendly. The study aimed at exploring the technical, economic, social and environmental impacts of optimizing agricultural resources through bio-industrial agriculture innovation. This research was conducted in the middleland of Baturiti Village, Antapan District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province. Data was collected from Focus Group Discussion conducted in 2018 with 30 farmers from three different groups and local extension agents. Updates were also received from the latest report by AIAT Bali in 2019. The results showed that: (1) planting index was very high that vegetables were harvested weekly- (2) the usage of chemical inputs decreased by 50-70% due to the integrated closed-cycle system between livestock and crop biomass in the bio-industrial agriculture system- (3) production costs reduced for fertilizers, pesticides and labor- (4) value added of products increased by selling organic and processed products- (5) labor empowerment increased because farming was carried out throughout the year- (6) environmental condition was well improved and has the potential for agro-tourism. In conclusion, the optimization of agricultural resources through bio-industrial agriculture innovation can be referred as a model for sustainable agriculture as well as environmentally friendly. Keywords: bio-industrial, sustainability, innovation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lintje Hutahaean)

281	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-146
The Development Strategy of Palm Sugar Business Makkarennu (a*), Ridwan (a), Sam Suriyani a)Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10 Tamalanrea Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia 90245 *nmakkarennu[at]gmail.com Abstract Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata, MERR) is a nontimber forest products (NTFPs) that has economic potential, especially for people who live around the forest. One of the products derived from Arenga pinnata is palm sugar, however, the management of palm sugar business cannot be developed to the maximum because the business model is still done traditional managed. This study aims to analyze internal and external factors in formulating appropriate strategic priorities in the development of palm sugar business in Gantarang Village, Sinjai Tengah District, Sinjai Regency, South Sulawesi. The method used in this study is a combination of SWOT and AHP by describing internal and external factors and then formulating several strategic choices to determine the most appropriate strategy. The results showed that among the four SWOT groups (Strengths (S), Weaknesses (W), Opportunities (O) and Threats (T)) that were the priority for the development of palm sugar business were Strength (S) groups with a value of 12.82 with the most strategy right to apply is the ST2 strategy of increasing cooperation with the government in expanding market networks with a priority value of 0.82 Keywords: AHP- Palm sugar- Strategy- SWOT analysis Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Makkarennu Makkarennu)

282	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-147
Pineapple farmer corporation development strategy in Central Lampung district, Indonesia N R Ahmadi1), M Mardiharini1), C Indrawanto1) 1)Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Jln. Tentara Pelajar No.10, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Abstract Central Lampung is a pineapple production center that supplies fresh pineapples for national demand. Sub-optimal production and marketing, which are still controlled by middlemen, are the main problems in pineapple developments. The research aims to identify the potential and need for innovation, and to formulate a strategy for developing pineapple based on farmer corporations. The research was conducted from September to October 2020 in Punggur Sub District. Data collection was carried out through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interviews with local champions. The SWOT approach as well as IFE and EFE analysis have been used to determine the best strategy. The results showed that farmers used the Queen variety from 1970, so that the quality production decreased. The innovations needed are mainly related to cultivation (irrigation, crop rotation, control of pests). The existence of Farmer-Owned Enterprises in collaboration with BUMDES has the potential to be reactivated into a farmer corporation. The IFE and EFE analysis show that the strategy that needs to be taken is the development strategy (SO strategy). Policies that need to be followed are increasing: the role and skills of extension workers- and the role of farmers group or corporation in pineapple production and marketing. Keywords: Central Lampung district, farmers corporate, pineapple, strategy Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Noor roufiq)

283	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-151
DISTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURAL GUMPTION IN VARIOUS AGROECOSYSTEM AS A STRATEGY TO MAINTAIN FARM HOUSEHOLD INCOME SUSTAINABILITY Bernard deRosari, Evert Y. Hosang, dan Tony Basuki NTT Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology Abstract The research was conducted in Manggarai District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The District has two agroekosistems, there are dry land and wet climate high land, and dry land and climate and low land. Data was collected from 12 subdistrict in Manggarai district, by using Focus Group Discussion and observation method. The research results showed that farmer^s strategies were (a) growing multy commodities, so agricultural gumption and income distributed along the year, (b) in certain months were household income was supported by several commodities, but in other months were supported by only one commodity even there is no income. In high land zone, there is a range of time that is supported by several commodities, and in the low land zone, there are two supports from several commodities. In the two zones, there are several months with low income, so it is needed to find the other activity such as off farm and non farm to get income. The various farming activities which is running by farmers have aims to distribute risks, food security and also maintain agriculture product stability. Keywords: Key words : Multi commodity, Distribution, and Agro-ekosystem Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bernard deRosari)

284	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-154
Analysis of economic feasibility of assisted tractors in Banten province, Indonesia V Siagian (a*) , and I Hidayah (b) Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT) of Banten, Indonesia Ministry of Agriculture, Jln. Ciptayasa Km 01 Ciruas, Serang, Banten province.42182. Abstract Banten province has received hand tractors assistance since 2012 - 2016 as many as 2,734 units hand tractor, and four-wheel or 4W-TR was 64 units. The objectives of this study were: 1) Knowing the performance and effectiveness of tractors in Banten province, 2) Knowing the economic feasibility of tractors business, 3) Knowing the business problems of tractors. The method of analysis used B/C ratio, IRR, NPV, PP and descriptive. The results are: 1) The potential capacity of hand tractors is 32.6 ha/year while the actual capacity only 23.9 ha/year, so the effectiveness is 73.3%, while the effectiveness of 4-WT is 22.8%, 2) For hand tractor the value of B/C ratio based on economic price is 0.66, NPV discounted factor 45% is IDR 8,953,415, and IRR is 78%, and PP is 1.73 years, for 4-WT the value of B/C ratio is 0.89, NPV is IDR. 16,693,824 and IRR is 11%, and PP is 11.7 years. 3) The problem of tractors business namely if there is an engine failure, the owner has not been able to fix it and the availability of spare parts is relatively difficult. Keywords: Effectiveness- tractors business- economics feasibility- problems. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Viktor Siagian Siagian)

285	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-156
CHARACTERISTICS OF RICE AGRIBUSINESS IN RURAL AREAS OF SERDANG BEDAGAI REGENCY, NORTH SUMATRA Moral Abadi Girsang*, Khadijah El Ramija*,Imelda Marpaung*, Erfina Manurung*, Shabil Hidayat*, Tumpal Sipahutar*, L.Haloho* and P.Nainggolan* *)Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Utara Abstract This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of the rice farming system in Serdang Bedagai Regency and to recommend some policies to increase the contribution of rice agribusiness to rural development. The studies carried out included the existing technology used by farmers, production, productivity, cropping indexes, analysis of farming system and distribution, and marketing of products. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a purposive sampling technique to 40 farmer respondents. Structured interviews were also conducted with traders, rice mill entrepreneurs, and policymakers. The data analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is used to find an overview of the technology, production, productivity, cropping index, and marketing and to explain the costs and income of rice farmers which are described descriptively. The quantitative analysis used is the analysis of farm costs and income, the analysis of the ratio of revenue and costs (R / C ratio), and the cost per kg milled dry grain. The results showed that the cultivation technology used by farmers was varied, there were 23 villages whose rice productivity was still below 5 tons / h, ten villages in 3 sub-districts had the cropping index still below 2, the R / C ratio of rice farming was 1.45, where the cost To produce 1 kg of milled dry grain in Serdang Bedagei Regency, on average, it costs IDR 3,099 / kg of milled dry grain. Meanwhile, the distribution and marketing of the harvest were controlled by big rice mill entrepreneurs. Keywords: agribusiness, rural development, rice, Serdang Bedagai Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Moral Abadi Girsang)

286	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-162
The Diversification of Processed Chayote (Sechium edule) into Dodol to Improve Its Added Value Ratna Wylis Arief, Soraya, RD Tambunan Lampung Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT), Indonesia Abstract Chayote (Sechium edule) or often called jipang or Labu Siam in Indonesian, is generally consumed by the public as a vegetable. If the harvest is abundant, the chayote^s price will be low- thus, many of the chayotes are left alone or thrown away or become livestock feed. The chayote processing into ^dodol^ is an alternative to overcome the abundance of chayote during the harvest season so that the chayote farmers still have a decent income from their chayote farming. This research was conducted in Bernung Village, Gedong Tataan District, Pesawaran Regency, Lampung Province, from October to December 2018. The parameters observed were water content, ash content, crude fiber content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, vitamin C content, energy levels, consumer preference (color, flavor, taste, and elasticity), and analysis of the chayote dodol farming. The results of this research showed that the chayote dodol contain complete nutritional content, i.e., water content (20.07%), ash (1.26%), crude fiber (1.18%), fat (3.09%), protein (2.15%), carbohydrate (72.24%), vitamin C (0.46 mg/g), and energy (701.03 cal/g). Moreover, consumer acceptances for the color, flavor, taste, and elasticity are excellent, with an average score of > 4 (very like) and very feasible to develop into commercial, with a B/C ratio of 1.95 Keywords: Chayote, dodol, added value Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ratna Wylis Arief)

287	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-167
THE STRATEGY OF MAIZE FARMING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT ON SUBSISTENT/SEMI COMMERCIAL FARMERS helena da silva, yohanes leki seran 1Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology East Nusa Tenggara Jl.Timor Raya Km.32 Naibonat-Kupang-NTT Abstract Subsistent/semi commercial farmers were very slow to adopt the new technology of maize cultivation, although the new introduction technology could be done by farmers, economies and compatible with farmer^s socio-culture. Generally, that was caused introduction technology need high inputs (i.e. superior seed maize varieties, fertilizer, and pesticides), and other sides orientation of maize cultivation by subsistent/semi commercial farmers for food security, farmers limited money to bought inputs, and inputs shop in sub district/village levels was nothing. The consequence was introduction of new technology could not extend and farmers back to existing technology after character building had finished. The research was conducted on 3 (three) farmer^s group and planted area 15 hectares of maize in South Timor Tengah district, East Nusa Tenggara province in 2017-2018. The research showed the problems could be overcome by guiding of new technology to farmers/farmer^s group among 1-2 times planting and building of new institutional i.e. clinic of technology on village level. Extension workers and group of farmer^s group (GAPOKTAN) manage clinic of technology. The clinic function was to inform new agricultural information to farmers/farmer^s group and be responsibility to supplying of inputs. To guarantee the continuity maize farming system, farmers need loan assistance with semi grand system. Farmers/farmers group borrow inputs from the clinic of technology and it refund by maize product after harvesting. The clinic of technology did maize processing and sold maize in early rainy season. The clinic of technology built maize seed industry unit in village level and bought inputs (fertilizer and pesticides) from agricultural shop on district/province level. This strategy could guarantee sustainability maize farming system and potential to develop in other village. Keywords: Maize, Adopt, Subsistent/semi commercial farmers, Clinic of technology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (HELENA DA SILVA)

288	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-171
The suitability of upland rice and dryland soil fertility status in Bengkulu Province Nurmegawati, Yartiwi, Irma Calista, Yesmawati, Shannora Yuliasari, Yudi Sastro Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology Bengkulu Jl Irian km 6,5 38119 Kota Bengkulu Abstract The problem on dry land is that it has a low fertility rate which causes low land productivity so that production is low, so that technological innovation are needed that are adapted to land typology and characteristics. This study aims to determine the suitability of upland rice land and soil fertility status which was carried out in 3 sub-districts namely Air Periukan, Pondok Kelapa and Kerkap in 2019. The parameters observed were land characteristics which included climate data and soil physical and chemical properties. Data analysis was carried out by matching each land characteristic with the conditions for upland rice growth and the conclusion was based on the smallest value (minimum law) as a land suitability decision. Soil fertility status is determined based on the classification of the value of the combination of CEC, alkaline saturation, C-organic, total P2O5 and total K2O. The results showed that the suitability of upland rice land in Air Periukan District was included in S3 with limiting factors for water availability and nutrient retention, the suitability of upland rice land in Pondok Kelapa district including S3 with limiting factors for water availability, while the suitability of upland rice land in Kerkap district was included in S3 with limiting factors nutrient retention and nutrient availability. The status of soil fertility is very low - low. The suggested alternative for soil cultivation is by increasing C-organic and CEC which can also increase other nutrient content by providing manure, straw compost and giving balanced inorganic fertilizers Keywords: land suitability, land characteristics, upland rice, soil fertility Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurmegawati Nurmegawati)

289	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-172
Sustainability Assessment of Chili Farming in the Highlands of Pacet Sub District, Regency of Cianjur,West Java Province Lira Mailena, Enti Sirnawati and Ermin Widjaja Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development Jalan Tentara Pelajar No 10 Ciwaringin, Bogor Abstract Chili farming in the highlands is facing the problem of decreasing land fertility due to the loss of soil top layer. Further, high humidity and rainfall causes more pests and disease attacks the chili plants. Therefore, soil conservation, pests and plant diseases controlling are the priority in management of chili farming and these efforts are practically in line with the goal of sustainable agricultural development. This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of chili farming in the Highlands of Pacet Sub district, Region of Cianjur, West Java Province with 34 attributes on dimension of environment, economic, social, technology, and institution. Sustainability assessment using multidimensional scaling approach with RAP- Chili technique showed the result that chili farming in highlands of Pacet was quite sustainable with an index about 54.39%. Out of five dimensions, environment and economic dimension had the highest index in moderately sustainable category while other dimensions were less sustainable. Thus, improvement toward sustainable chili farming could be prioritized on less sustainable dimension which were social, technology and institution by considering leverage attributes of those dimensions, namely extension program, application of bio pesticide and pest trap, post harvesting technology and availability of marketing institution. Keywords: chili farming, sustainability, environment, economic, social, technology, institution Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lira Mailena)

290	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-175
Factors affecting Indonesia^s CPO exports in international trade Achmad Amiruddin (a*), Muhammad Arsyad (a), Suharno (b) anda Siti Jahroh (b) Universitas Hasanuddin IPB University Abstract Palm oil is a commodity of plantation product that has an important role in Indonesia^s economy and is also an export commodity that produces GDP besides the oil and gas. The main product of palm oil was crude palm oil (CPO) and there are several derivate products such as RBD Palm Olein and Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD). As the main product, CPO export volume increases positively along with the increasing of CPO in export destination country as food material and biodiesel. However, since the application of export tax policy in 2009, there was a change of export composition from CPO to palm oil derivative products namely RBD Palm Olein and PFAD. The results of this study showed based on the result of ordinary least square (OLS), the variables that had significant influence were: (1) India: the lag of export volume- (2) Malaysia: the price of soybean oil- (3) Netherlands: RCA- (4) Italy: the price of sunflower oil, RCA, exchange rate and dummy of export tax. Keywords: policy, OLS, palm oil Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Achmad Amiruddin)

291	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-186
Support for Animal Feed Innovation Technology In the North Sulawesi Border Area Agustinus N. Kairupan1*, Hasrianti Silondae2, Herlina N. Salamba2 North Sulawesi Assessment Institute For Agricultural Technology (AIAT) Abstract One of the visions of the Nawacita Program launched by the President of Indonesia, Mr. Jokowi, is to build Indonesia from the periphery by strengthening regions and villages within the Republic of Indonesia and the development of border areas. Each border region has the potential for various agricultural and cultural resources, however, so far most of these potential resources have not been managed properly and have even been underutilized. The potential of available livestock, land, feed, and human resources is sufficient to support livestock development in border areas. Livestock activities in general in border areas can contribute economically to farmer households. The current problem, namely livestock productivity in this region is still very low. This is due to several things, namely where farmers in raising their livestock still use traditional cultivation systems, and the use and mastery of technological innovations that are still very limited, especially in providing a source of animal feed. As an area with potential for plantation crops, especially coconuts, which produce untapped waste by-products. Through several touches of technological innovation, the plantation waste can be processed into a source of quality feed, so it is hoped that an increase in livestock productivity and the welfare of farmers-breeders in the border area of North Sulawesi. Keywords: Animal, Feed Innovation, Border Area Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Agustinus Nefosjant Kairupan)

292	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-200
CHARACTERISTICS AND GROWTH of MERAWANG CHICKEN IN BANGKA BELITUNG UNDER TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Nuraini (a), Zikril Hidayat (a), Sigit Puspito(a) and Suyatno(a) (a) Bangka Belitung Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology Jalan Mentok km.4 Pangkalpinang 33134 Abstract Merawang Chicken is a local chicken originated from Bangka Belitung based on the Decree of the Minister of Agriculture No.2846/kpts/L8.410/8/2012. In addition to its historical value, Merawang chicken also has high economic value, therefore it needs to be conserved. Most of the Merawang chicken management system in Bangka Belitung is still traditional so that the original characteristics of the Merawang chicken are thought to have been mixed with other native chickens. This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of Merawang chickens in the Bangka Belitung Islands traditionally raised by farmers. This research was conducted on six farmers at 3 districts on Bangka Island (Pangkalpinang, Bangka, and Central Bangka). Qualitative traits and quantitative traits were observed. There was non-uniformity in the qualitative traits of Merawang chickens at the farmer level, especially in the color of the feathers. As for the quantitative traits, some of the body sizes of Merawang chickens at the farmer level are still below the size stated in the Minister of Agriculture Decree No.2846/kpts/ LB.430/8/2012 such as breast length, head length, and comb length. The Average Daily Gain (ADG) for each location also varies depending on the type of feed given. Keywords: local chicken, merawang chicken, qualitative traits, traditional farmer Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suyatno Suyatno)

293	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-209
ASSESSING THE IRRIGATION SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION TO THE CROPPING INDEX AND RICELAND POTENCY IN NORTH TAPANULI REGENCY Deddy Romulo Siagian, Novia Chairuman, Tumpal Sipahutar and Sri Endah Nurzannah Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of North Sumatera Abstract The irrigation system is one of the main supporting factors to increase the production of agricultural commodity, especially rice. Recently, the significant contribution from irrigation system gave small value because of some issues such as climate change, land use change, the existing river and the infrastructure damage from the irrigation system itself. Indeed, it gives impact to the total of rice production. This paper has objectives to map the distribution of irrigation system and to observe the correlation of irrigation system distribution to the cropping index, total irrigated-area, and the total production of rice area in North Tapanuli Regency. The Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied for the mapping of the irrigation system distribution, and the SPSS was implemented as well to analyze the contribution of the irrigation system in rice cultivation. The results show that the highest of number of irrigation coverage area is located in Siborong-borong, Pagaran and Tarutung Districts by 19,10 and 9 respectively. Besides, it found that the coverage area has significant correlation with the cropping index and total irrigated area parameters. Based on the results, it needs to increase the irrigated-coverage area on the districts, which has a big opportunity to improve its future productivity. Keywords: irrigation system, cropping index, riceland potency, north tapanuli Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Deddy Romulo Siagian)

294	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-211
POTENTIAL OF FRUIT PLANTS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF PRODUCT DIVERSIFICATION IN DUSUNG PATTERN FARMERS IN WAKAL VILLAGE, AMBON ISLAND Jan W. Hatulesila1, Amran Achmad2, Daud Malamassam2, Samsuddin Millang2 1) Faculty of Agriculture - Pattimura University 2) Faculty of Forestry - Hasanuddin University Abstract Wanatani or Agroforestry in Maluku is commonly known as dusung. The dusung pattern is the traditional use of land as a form of local wisdom of the local community from passing down on land resources and its ecosystem. This farming system is a pattern of combining agricultural plants with forestry plants on a stretch of land. The potential types of fruit plants in several villages on Ambon Island are generally diverse. When harvesting, the types of fruit trees, which are sometimes abundant, are wasted because they are damaged because they are left alone without further processing management. For this reason, research is needed related to the distribution of fruit crops per hectare, the potential for production every season and opportunities for product diversification to improve the welfare of the farming community. This study used a qualitative descriptive method through observation techniques to collect potential data and interview information related to the experience and knowledge of farmers about fruit crop cultivation and their views related to product development from fruit types to increase income. The results showed that Wakal Village had an area of customary ownership by each household or / clan / family covering an area of 40 ha. There are 10 types of fruit crop products that have economic value with an average of 0.5 - 5 ha of arable land owned by dusung farmers. The alternative of fruit diversification into processed products to increase the income of dusung farmers is a profitable alternative Keywords: Potential of Fruit Plants, Product Diversification, Dusung Pattern Wanatani Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Jan Willem Hatulesila)

295	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-234
Strategy for the Development of Large Scale Rice Milling Industry in Maros Regency DESI SALMAH UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN Abstract DESI SALMAH. Strategy for the Development of Large Scale Rice Milling Industry in Maros Regency (Supervised by Rindam Latief and Muh. Hatta Jamil). Maros Regency had rice production of about 295,800 tons in 2019 which was supported by 642 units of rice milling facilities, including 12 large-scale mills which spread across several districts. However, the existence of the facilities was not able to maximize the processing of the rice product. The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the current state (existing) of rice milling facilities in Maros, (2) To identify and analyze factors inhibiting and supporting the development of rice milling faciliteis in Maros and (3) To formulate development strategies of rice milling in Maros Regency The analysis included Internal and External Strategic Factor Analysis through identification of the factors that have been identified, IFAS Matrix Analysis (Internal Strategic Factor Summary Analysis) and EFAS Matrix (External Strategic Factor Analysis Summary) by determining the weight and rating on the IFAS matrix and EFAS Swot analysis was carried out by means of a SWOT matrix analysis, by conducting a merger interaction (merger) of the internal factor group (Strength, Weakness), with the external factor group (Opportunity, Threat) The results of the study indicate that Strength - Opportunity (SO) produces the highest weight, namely 6.18, so the large-scale rice milling facilities in Maros Regency should take advantage of all strengths to seize and take advantage of the greatest opportunities. Keywords: Harvested-rice milling industry-development strategy Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (DESI SALMAH , S.TP)

296	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-235
Land use, disaster and the peasant^s vulnerability in the rural area Kasmiati1, Sumarni Panikkai2, , Andi Arafat1, Arafat Abdullah1 1Universitas Sulawesi Barat, Majene, Indonesia 2Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serelia, Maros, Indonesia Abstract Abstract. In recent times some villages have become increasingly vulnerable. This condition can be triggered by many things, one of which is the influx of large capital into rural areas through extractive industries that encourage changes in land use and commodities in villages. This paper is intended to examine the relationship between spatial change and the vulnerability experienced by peasants. This research was conducted in two villages in Konawe Selatan District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The first is Laeya village in Laeya sub-district and the second is Roraya village, Tinanggea sub-district. The method used is a qualitative approach, namely direct observation in the two research locations, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussion. In addition, it used GIS to photograph the existing conditions of the research location. Then, it was analyzed using political ecology to see the interconnectedness between phenomena. The results showed that in the two locations studied, spatial changes were triggered by extractive industries, through mining and oil palm plantation activities. When rural areas are subjected to extractive industries then the first thing that happens is a change in land use through changing commodities. This condition changes the landscape which in turn triggers a disaster. In recent years, the two areas studied have faced disaster risks, especially floods, which have severely impacted the livelihoods of residents and caused farmers to be deeply vulnerable. Keywords: landscape change, disaster, vulnerability, rural, peasant Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (kasmiati kasmiati)

297	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-246
Optimizing The Utilization of Backyard Land Through Development Sustainable Food Houses Region Model (M-KRPL) In Berau Regency Yossita Fiana (a*) and Muhamad Hidayanto (a) Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology of East Kalimantan Abstract The issue of food security is the main focus in agricultural development operational policies. The backyard land in Indonesia is quite extensive and potential to support food security, but its utilization has not been optimal. Therefore, in order to support family food security, the Ministry of Agriculture has developed a Sustainable Food Houses Region model (m-KRPL) to optimize backyard land and food diversification. The purpose of the assessment is to utilize the backyard land through diversification of local food with the Sustainable Food Houses Region model (m-KRPL). The assessment was carried out in Berau District in 2016-2017. The results of the study indicate that the use of the backyard land through the development of alternative food crops, vegetable crops, and fish can support food security and increase family income. Keywords: food crops- vegetable crops- sustainable- food security- Berau Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yossita Fiana)

298	Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development	ABS-251
Soil Properties and Infiltration Rate in Sago Palm (Metroxylon sago) Forest in Rongkong Watershed South Sulawesi Oktaviani Nelsi (a,b,c), Usman Arsyad (a), Budirman Bachtiar (a), Dorothea Agnes Rampisela (b,c,d*) a) Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia b) Sago Research Group, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia c) Organic Food Program Association of Medical Doctors of Asia Indonesia Chapter d) Departement of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia *agnes.unhas[at]gmail.com Abstract Sago palm, one of the dominant wetland vegetation in the Rongkong Watershed, contributes to groundwater recharge through its ability to pass water into the ground. This study aims to determine the effect of sago forest canopy density on the infiltration rate in the middle and downstream zones of the Rongkong Watershed in South Sulawesi. Other independent variables were soil properties and environmental factors. The relationship between the three independent variables on the infiltration rate was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Infiltration rate observes with ponded infiltration method at five density classes. The results showed that the infiltration rate in the middle stream increased along with the increase of density classes of sago forests. The downstream, on the other hand, has an insignificant difference between density classes. The result of the regression analysis showed that the coefficient of determination in the middle and downstream zones was 64.5 % and 38.5 %, respectively. The simultaneous test of variable significance in the middle stream shows that the sago forest canopy density, groundwater level, initial soil moisture, and air humidity have a significant effect with p-value <0.05. Keywords: Infiltration rate- sago palm forest- soil properties- wetland. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Oktaviani Nelsi)

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