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61 Crop Production and Environment ABS-7

Analyst of Dryland Potential
M Tegar Ilham Taufan, Risma Nesawaty, Muh Nathan

Universitas Hasanuddin


Abstract

Analyst of Dryland Potential
M T I Taufan, R neswati and M Nathan
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.
E-mail: neswaty76@gmail.com
Abstract. Along with the development of time and the increasing population, the amount of food needed is also increasing. The increase in population growth is not proportional to the availability of land caused by land conversion into settlement land. The area for maize cultivation in Takalar regency reaches 9.208 ha with maize production reaching 55.973 tons. Maize production is still below the optimal maize production which reached 73.664 tons. This study aims to determine of determinants factors to maize production on dry land in Takalar Regency. T v he research used method analyze of land capability by Arsyad which was processed using the Analythic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of this study show that the determinant factor of maize production on dry land in Takalar Regency is the economic aspect with R / C ratio ranging from 2.95 to 6.13 where if the R / C ratio> 1 is feasible

Keywords: AHP, Maize, Dryland

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (M. Tegar Ilham Taufan)


62 Crop Production and Environment ABS-264

Application of biofertilizer on growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata sturt) on upland
Lelya Pramudyani(1*), Abdul Sabur(1), Muhammad Yasin(1), Joko Purnomo(2)

1)Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, South Kalimantan
2)Lambung Mangkurat University


Abstract

Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) is such a popular commodity that has good market opportunities. To increase the productivity of sweet corn, it^s necessary to improve its physical, chemical, and fertility properties. Continuous use of inorganic fertilizers can reduce soil fertility. Biofertilizer is an alternative to improve and enhance soil quality so as to significantly increase growth and increase yield and quality of plants. The aim of study was to determine the effect of application of biofertilizers on the growth and yield of sweet corn on upland. The research was conducted in 2016 in Tapin district, South Kalimantan Province. Using a randomized block design with 4 treatments and 8 replications. The treatments consisted of: Po without biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 100%, P1 biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 100%, P2 biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 75%, P3, biofertilizer + NPK fertilizer at a dose of 50 %. The variables observed were plant height, cob weight withhusk, cob weight without husk, cob diameter, cob length, number of seed columns and production. The results showed that applying biofertilizer increase cob weight and sweet corn production.

Keywords: fertilizer, soil fertility

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lelya Pramudyani)


63 Crop Production and Environment ABS-9

MINERALS OF PARENT MATERIAL AS AN INDICATOR OF SOIL FERTILITY
K Nasir, M Jayadi , A Ahmad

Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia


Abstract

Soil fertility is the ability of the soil to provide nutrients. Most of the nutrients in the soil come from mineral weathering. The higher of easily weathered mineral is in line with soil fertility. This research aims to study soil fertility rates based on mineral content in West Sinjai Sub-district. The methods used in this study are to identify minerals in the parent material using a polarizing microscope, calculate mineral presentation and nutrient potency classification with the presentation of mineral content minus the presentation of quartz content. The dominant mineral content found is pyroxene, amphibole, and plagioclase that resulted from the andesitic parent material. Soil fertility potential in West Sinjai based on nutrient-carrying minerals is in the range of 80-100% with good criteria. Potential nutrients contained in minerals are already available for plants.

Keywords: minerals, fertility,soil

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Khaerunnisa Nasir)


64 Crop Production and Environment ABS-265

The Phenotypic Performance and Correlations Analyses of Six Promising Lines Red Rice Grown on the Paddy Field
Herna, GR Sadimantara*, LO Afa, E Febrianti, S Leomo and Muhidin

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, 93232 Indonesia


Abstract

Red rice is an essential food and has nutritional content, but farmers production and interest in red rice cultivation are still relatively low. One effort to develop and increase brown rice production is planting superior varieties with selection efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between yield components and yields of the six promising lines of red rice in paddy fields and to know the yield components that were positively correlated very significantly to the results in paddy fields. The research design used was a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 6 crosses, namely GS11-1, GS11-2, GS12-1, GS12-2, GS44-1, GS44-2, and one comparison variety, Trisakti. The results of the analysis showed that there were two components of yield that were highly positively correlated with yields of red rice, which were positively correlated significantly, including the number of productive tillers with grain yield per clump (0.83 **) and the weight of 1000 grains with grain yield (0.57 **).

Keywords: Red rice, paddy field, promisng lines, paddy field, yield-related traits

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhidin Muhidin)


65 Crop Production and Environment ABS-10

Application of Compost from Restaurant Food Waste as Land Restoration Materials
Dirman, SA Lias, and B Rasyid

Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia


Abstract

The existence of food waste is still a problem because the number has increased. On the one hand, the opening of restaurants and restaurants has increased the quantity of food waste resulting in a buildup of food waste. To overcome the problem of restaurant food waste buildup is to use this waste as land restoration material. The purpose of this research is to utilize food waste to improve soil physical and chemical properties. The research method was carried out by means of an incubation process, namely mixing the soil samples in the PT. Huadi with restaurant food waste. This study used a two-factor randomized block design method. The first factor is the incubation time (15 days, 30 days and 45 days) and the second factor is the addition of nitrogen (N). The stages in this research include soil sampling, incubation, laboratory analysis and data analysis. The results showed that incubation with an incubation time of 45 days was able to improve soil chemical characteristics as well as the addition of nitrogen nutrients

Keywords: Restaurant Food Waste, Restoration, Incubation

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dirman Dirman)


66 Crop Production and Environment ABS-11

Correlation of Organic Matter and Abundance of Soil Fauna in Rice Fields, Bantimurung Subdistrict, Maros Regency
D P Sari, A Ahmad, M Jayadi

Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia


Abstract

Abstract. The results of the preliminary survey on rice fields in Bantimurung Subdistrict, Maros Regency, have an average age of +- 70 years with intensive soil cultivation, which means that soil processing and application of chemicals have been widely used. Soil cultivation and continuous application of chemicals can reduce fertility and soil biota. This study aims to determine the correlation of organic matter and abundance of soil fauna in the rice fields of Bantimurung District, Maros Regency. Identification of the presence of biota was carried out by making plots of 50x50 cm in the top and sub soil layers, analyzing the soil in the form of texture, c-organic, c/ n, nitrogen, and soil temperature. Soil analysis was carried out to see the relationship between soil parameters and biota abundance. The results showed there was a positive correlation between the c-organic content of the soil with the abundance of biota and the c / n content of the soil. A negative correlation was obtained between soil parameters and soil texture.

Keywords: rice fields, organic matter, fauna

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dinda Purnama Sari)


67 Crop Production and Environment ABS-267

Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Derived from Moringa on Growth of Upland Rice Lines Crosses From SE Sulawesi
Wa Nasira, Robiatul Adawiyah, Muhidin, Gusti Ray Sadimantara and Dewi Nurhayati Yusuf

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, 93232 Indonesia


Abstract

Upland rice is an important food crop in Indonesia, including in Southeast Sulawesi, and the productivity still low under the production potential. One of the causes of this low production is low soil fertility and limited nutrients for plants. One of the efforts is by providing liquid organic fertilizer derived from moringa. This study used a two-factor and arranged in a randomized block design (RBD). The first factor was organic fertilizer treatment from moringa, consisting of two levels, namely without treatment and 20 ml per liter. The second factor was the difference cultivars tested consisting of 4 cultivars, namely GS44-1, GS44-2, GS16-1, GS16-2, and Lipigo 4. The results showed that the treatment of liquid organic fertilizer made from moringa significantly effects on the vegetative growth of upland rice.

Keywords: Upland Rice, Organic Fertilizer, Moringa

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhidin Muhidin)


68 Crop Production and Environment ABS-268

The poductivity and economic value of sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) planted intercropping with satoimo taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. Antiquorum) with various levels of compost
Masyhur Syafiuddin (a*), Muh. Jayadi (a), Burhanuddin Rasyid (a), Nurbaya Busthanul (b)

a) Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin Univesity, Makassar, Indonesia.
*masyhur.syaf[at]agri.unhas.ac.id
b) Social Economy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.


Abstract

Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas), as a well-known plant and widely cultivated by farmers in South Sulawesi, if it is intercropped with satoimo taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. Antiquorum) as staple crop should be suspected of being able to be a ^safety^ crop when there is a failure in taro plant-due to the relatively new and un-well-known plant. The study was aimed to know the productivity and economic value of sweet potato grown as an intercropping on the satoimo taro staple crop with several level of compost. The study used a randomized design with four levels of compost of chicken manure, namely 400 grams, 800 grams, 1200 grams per staple plant in a spot in the hole of the plant and 1200 grams per plant homogeneously fit in the beds. Sweet potatoes planted between plants with a population of as much as satoimo taro, namely 25,000 hectares each. The results showed that the level of 1200 grams of spot and 1200 grams of mixture was significantly different from a level of 400 gam, but not significantly different from 800 grams. The 1200 gram level of the mixture gives the highest tuber yield and the highest economic value.

Keywords: intercropping- sweet potato- satoimo taro

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Masyhur Syafiuddin)


69 Crop Production and Environment ABS-13

Study of Soil Management in Rice Fields in Bantimurung Distric Maros Regency
D E Safitri, A Ahmad, and M Nathan

Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.


Abstract

Rice productivity in Bantimurung District is unstable every year. Farmers tend not attend to environmental and soil protection but are racing to increase yields rapidly by using excessive chemical fertilizers and pesticides, tilling the soil too frequently, and burning post-harvest straw. This study aims to study the management of rice fields in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency based on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil which are expected to be a source of information in managing rice fields in Bantimurung District, Maros Regency. Data were collected using a field survey method in irrigated and rainfed rice fields and farmer interviews by using questions. In addition, observations and profile descriptions were carried out in the rice fields and laboratory analysis, namely soil texture, bulk density, N-total, C-organic, pH and organic functional group analysis. Based on the results of analysis with information by interview farmers we know that the rice fields in Bantimurung District are still suitable for rice production, but must with proper good management principle such as not using anorganic fertilizer excessively, adding organic matter, crop rotation, and attent to water needs.

Keywords: ricefields, management, irrigation, rainfed

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dian Eka Safitri)


70 Crop Production and Environment ABS-270

The poductivity and economic value of sweet corn (Zea mays convar. saccharata) planted intercropping with satoimo taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. Antiquorum) with various levels of compost
Muh. Jayadi (a), Masyhur Syafiuddin (a*), Nurbaya Busthanul (b), Burhanuddin Rasyid (a)

a) Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin Univesity, Makassar, Indonesia.
*masyhur.syaf[at]agri.unhas.ac.id
b) Social Economy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.


Abstract

Sweet corn (Zea mays convar. saccharata), as a well-known plant and widely cultivated by farmers in South Sulawesi, if it is intercropped with satoimo taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. Antiquorum), should be suspected of being able to be a safety crop when there is a failure in staple crop of taro satoimo. The study was aimed to know the productivity and economic value of sweet corn grown as an intercropping on the satoimo taro as staple crop in with several level of compost. The study used a randomized design with four levels of compost of chicken manure, namely 400 grams, 800 grams, 1200 grams per staple plant with spotly in the plant hole, and 1200 grams per plant homogeneously fit in the beds. The sweet corn planted with two seeds between two strips satoimo taro, so that be the same population, namely 25,000 plants per hectare. The results showed that the level of 800 grams, 1200 grams of spotly in hole not-significantly different with the level 400 gram, however 1200 grams of mixture was significantly different from a level of 400 gam, but not-significantly different with the 800 grams one. The 1200 gram level of the mixture gives the highest corncob yield and the highest economic value.

Keywords: intercropping- sweet corn- satoimo taro

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Masyhur Syafiuddin)


71 Crop Production and Environment ABS-271

Effectiveness of Chromolaena odorata as organic manure in promoting plant nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status on mustard rhizosphere
F Fikrinda*, N Akhmad, WM Ikhsan

Universitas Syiah Kuala
fikrinda[at]unsyiah.ac.id


Abstract

Chromolaena odorata is an invasive plant which potential as organic manure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of this weed on plant nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status on the mustard rhizosphere using a completely randomized design and three replications. Factors examined were the organic manure types (green manure and compost) and doses (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Mg ha-1). The results showed that the compost was more effective than the green manure to improve potassium (K) uptake and soil nutrient (total nitrogen (N), available phosphor (P), and exchangeable K). Increasing doses of the organic manure until 25 Mg ha-1 gave a better effect on N and K uptake and soil available P and K but 20 Mg ha-1 on soil total N. The application of 25 Mg ha-1 C. odorata as green manure gave more N and P content in the mustard. This study indicated that C. odorata could be developed as a good ameliorant either as green manure or compost to improve nutrient uptake of mustard and soil nutrient status.

Keywords: compost- green manure- nutrient- weed

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fikrinda Fikrinda)


72 Crop Production and Environment ABS-272

The Growth Performance of Dwarf Banana Cavendis from SE Sulawesi Under Natural Shading
Muhidin, Andi Nurmas, Gusti Ray Sadimantara, Sitti Leomo, Dewi Nurhayati Yusuf and Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University


Abstract

In Indonesia, bananas are an important crop, and demand tends to increase. On the other hand, due to limited land availability, production capacity is limited. The growth of banana as an interplanting plant under the estate forestry plant was the promising solution. The study aimed to identify the tolerant banana cultivar under natural shading. The research was carried out in a field experiment conducted by the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Halu Oleo. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with shade treatment consisting of 3 levels, namely n1=shade level < 25 %, n2=shade level 25-50 % and n3 = shade level 50-75 %. In vegetative growth, the parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, length of leaves and width of leaves. It concluded that reduced light under natural shading has an important impact on the growth of bananas.

Keywords: Natural Shading, low light intensity, banana cavendish, shading effect, tolerant,

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati)


73 Crop Production and Environment ABS-18

CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL IN PEPPER PLANTING AREA (PIPER NIGRUM L.) IN EAST LUWU REGENCY
Asrida 1,3, C Lopulisa 2,3, and Rismaneswati 3

1Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia
2 Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia
3 Soil Science Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia


Abstract

Abstract. Luwu Timur is one of the districts within the administrative sphere of South Sulawesi Province which has an area of 6,944.88 Km2 which has natural conditions and geogrfasis state that supports in the cultivation of pepper commodity. To support the quality and maintain the stability of pepper production, then the first step to be considered is to pay attention to the good soil type for overgrown pepper plants. This research aims to classify the land of pepper plantation areas in East Luwu. This research was conducted in Luwu Regency precisely in Burau, Mangkutana and Towuti sub-districts. Sampling using deductive methods with soil classification method is based on soil ation (2014) according to usda. . Analysis of the physical and chemical morphological properties of soil including soil color, structure, texture, bulk density, C-organic, KTK and bases can be exchanged. Soil mineral analysis using the Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) method. The results showed that the types of soil in the pepper-planting area found in Burau sub-district are Palehumults and Hapludults. In Mangkutana sub-districts are Hapludults, Ultisol and Typic Rhodudults. In Towuti sub-district, Rhodic Hapludox and Rhodic Paleudults

Keywords: Keywords : Characteristics, soil, pepper

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asrida Asrida)


74 Crop Production and Environment ABS-274

The effectiveness of endo-rhizo bacterial isolated from areca nut rizosphere (Areca cathecu L.) in breaking dormancy and improvement of seed vigor
Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati, Muhidin, Nini Mila Rahni, La Mudi, Ria Risqi Maharani and Gusti Ngurah Adhi Wibawa

Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Halu Oleo, Kendari Southeast Sulawesi 93232 Indonesia


Abstract

The rhizosphere of healthy plants which naturally grows without human intervention is a source of potential biological agents as biofertilizers. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of endophytic and rhizobacteria (endo-rhizo bacterial) isolates isolated from the rhizosphere of areca nut plants in breaking dormancy while increasing its viability and vigor. The research was carried out at the Agronomy Unit of Agrotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University from February to October 2020. The experiment used a completely randomized design consisting of 6 treatments of endo-rhizo bacterial isolates, namely isolates LR1, MR5, LAR6, RJR6, LAE2 and control. Each treatment was repeated three times, so that there were a total of 18 experimental units. The observed data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test at &#945- = 0.05. The results showed that endo-rhizo bacterial isolates were able to break the dormancy of areca nuts and increase their vigor. Rhizobacteria LR1 isolates and endophytic bacteria LAE2 showed a better ability to break dormancy and increase the vigor of areca nuts compared to controls and other treatments. The dormancy intensity in LR1 and LAE2 treatments reached 50% and 58%, respectively, compared to 78% in control. Likewise, in increasing seed vigor, the two isolates were able to increase the germination percentage of areca nuts by 150% and 100%, respectively, compared to the control. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these isolates in increasing plant vigor at the field scale.

Keywords: Areca nut, endo-rhizo bacteria, seed vigor, dormancy

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati)


75 Crop Production and Environment ABS-23

Utilization of banana stem and coconut fiber as source base of liquid bio-fertilizer to improve soil quality and plant growth
Burhanuddin Rasyid, Muhammad Jayadi, and Sitti Rahma

Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture
Hasanuddin University


Abstract

Liquid bio-fertilizer could be a complement in improving plant growth and good soil quality. The objective of this study is to utilize banana and coconut by-products as the main source in developing liquid bio-fertilizer and the application into the soil to determine its effect to improve soil quality and plant growth. The pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block experimental design with two factors and all treatments replied in three replications. The first factor is coconut liquid fertilizer with 4 levels- SK1 (50 ml/pot), SK2 (100 ml/pot), SK3 (150 ml/pot) and SK4 (200 ml/pot). The second factor is banana liquid fertilizer with 4 levels- BP1 (25ml/pot), BP2 (50ml/pot), BP3 (75ml/pot) and BP4 (100ml/pot). In general, the application liquid fertilizer affected significantly to all measured parameters. A comparison of two source of liquid fertilizer was found that coconut fiber showed higher result than banana stem base source. Treatment of 150 mm/pot coconut liquid fertilizer (SK3) was shown the highest result in plant parameters performance (plant height, and dry weight). In case of soil quality improvement, the result showed increasing C-org., CEC, and K was not different significantly between SK3 and SK4. All over result showed potential development of liquid fertilizer of coconut fiber and banana stem source base could be applied to improve soil quality and plant growth. Field experiment is still needed to be conduct in evaluation the effect of this fertilizer in advanced.

Keywords: liquid bio-fertilizer, banana stem, coconut fiber, soil quality

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Burhanuddin Rasyid)


76 Crop Production and Environment ABS-24

Study of Nutrition Concentration and Water Concentration in Hydroponics with Deep Film Technique (DFT) System in Central Sulawesi
I Ketut Suwitra, Anugerah Fitri Amalia, Jonny Firdaus, Andi Dalapati, Nur Fadhilah

Assesment Institute for Agricultural Technology Central Sulawesi, Sigi, Indonesia Republic-94362


Abstract

Hydroponic cultivation is an alternative in utilizing narrow land or land that is not suitable for agriculture. What has an important role in hydroponic cultivation is nutrition, where these nutrients are dissolved in water before being flowed into the hydroponic device. The provision of different types of nutrient solutions and different water concentrations greatly affects the productivity of hydroponic plants. This research was conducted from September to November 2019, at the Sidondo Agricultural Technology Research and Study Installation (IP2TP). The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of raw water and concentration of AB Mix solution which is good for plant growth in hydroponics. The method in this study used a factorial randomized block design (RAKF) consisting of two factors. The first factor is the type of nutrient solution (Agromax and Hidro J) and the second factor is the concentration of Total Dissolve Solid in raw water (20 ppm and 200 ppm). The type of vegetable used for hydroponic cultivation is water spinach. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Based on the results of the study, it was found that giving Agromax nutritional solution using a concentration of Total Dissolve Solid raw water 20 ppm gave the best growth results when compared to other treatments, on each yield parameter of kale including plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, root weight, leaf weight, and stem weight.

Keywords: Hydroponic, Kinds of Nutrition, Water Concentration, Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAKF), Total Dissolve Solid

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (I Ketut Suwitra)


77 Crop Production and Environment ABS-26

Application of lime and liquid organic fertelizer to the growth and production of satoimo taro (Colocasia esculenta L.schott var. Antiquorum)
D Sartika1,3, M Syafiuddin2,3, A Ahmad3

Universitas Hasanuddin


Abstract

Satoimo taro is a type of taro plant that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Satoimo taro contains high carbohydrates, protein, minerals and vitamins. The research objective was to determine the effect of lime in increasing the pH of Alfisol soil combined with liquid organic fertilizers on the growth and production of satoimo taro plants. This study used a split plot design with the main plot was lime and no-lime. The subplots were no-lime with POC, no-lime with POC sustainable green, no-lime with Nasa POC, no-lime with POC PHF malaysia, no-lime with superbiota POC, without no-lime with POC , without no-lime with POC sustainable green, without no-lime with POC nasa / SNN, without no-lime with POC PHF malesian, without no-Lime with POC superbiota, with 3 replications. The results showed that the plants given POC PHF malesis were more significant than the other plants.

Keywords: no-lime,organic fertelizers,satoimo taro

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dewi Sartika)


78 Crop Production and Environment ABS-29

The seed quality of Indonesian cowpea local varieties after storage
M. Muchlish Adie, Ayda Krisnawati, Yuliantoro Baliadi, Eriyanto Yusnawan, Andy Wijanarko

Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI)


Abstract

The optimum performance of the cowpea plant population in the field could be determined by their seed quality. The research aims to evaluate the seed quality of several cowpea local varieties after being stored in the form of seeds and pods. A total of 19 cowpea local varieties from East Java, West Nusa Tenggara, South Kalimantan, and West Sulawesi were evaluated for their seed vigor and viability after being stored for 30 and 60 days at the room temperature using plant material in the form of seeds and pods. The seed multiplication was conducted in the field at Banyuwangi, and the seed quality test using sand media was carried out at the glasshouse of ILETRI Malang. Two hundred matured pods were randomly detached from each variety after plant maturity, and then pods were dried under the sun. After the pods were dried, they were placed in a sealed plastic container and then stored at ambient conditions. The seed quality test was conducted in two replications, using 25 seeds which were randomly taken from each treatment. The storage of cowpea in the form of pods and seeds for up to 30 days did not significantly affect the seed quality. Four local varieties (VU 0007, VU 0093, VU 0125, VU 0155) showed good viability at the storage of 30 and 60 days, respectively. Meanwhile, VU 0032 and VU 0076 have optimum viability after being stored for 60 days. The speed of the germination index (SGI) was not only describing the level of vigor but it also able to show the type of the plant material to be stored. The VU 0007, VU 0093, and VU 0155 were recommended to be stored in the form of seeds compared to in the form of pods, meanwhile, the VU 0125 can be stored for up to 60 days in the form of seeds or pods. The morphological characters of sprouts, namely hypocotyl length, stem dry weight, and root dry weight, could be considered as a benchmark parameter for seed vigor of cowpea.

Keywords: ambient storage, hypocotyl length, dry weight, Vigna unguiculata

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (M. Muchlish Adie)


79 Crop Production and Environment ABS-287

APPLICATION OF COFFEE HUSK COMPOSE AND EM4 CONCENTRATION ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHILI PEPPER
Adnan1, Basri AB2, Abdul Azis2 and Idawanni2

AIAT/ BPTP ACEH


Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effects of concentration in a single factor or in an interaction manner on the growth and yield of chili pepper. The research was conducted in Tangsi Lama Village, Seruway District, Aceh Tamiang Regency from October 2018 to January 2019. Using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of two factors, namely: The factor of giving coffee husk waste (K) consisting of 4 levels, among others- (1) K0 = 0 ton / ha, (2) K1 = 10 ton / ha, (3) D3 = 20 ton / ha and (4) D4 = 30 ton / ha. The EM4 concentration coffee husk waste and EM4 factor consists of 4 levels, namely- (1) B0 = 0 ml / lt water, (2) B1 = 5 ml / lt water, (3) B2 = 10 ml / lt water and (4) B3 = 15 ml / lt water. Observations were made on plant height, stem diameter, number of productive branches, number of chilies per plant and chilies weight per plot. The results showed that the treatment of coffee husk waste had a very significant effect on the number of productive branches, the number of chilies per plant, and chilies weight per plot. Significantly affected plant height at 45 days after planting (DAP) and stem diameter at 45 DAP, had no significant effect on plant height at 30 DAP and stem diameter at 30 DAP. The best interaction treatment for coffee husk waste compost was found in the K3 treatment (30 tonnes / ha). The treatment of EM4 concentration had a very significant effect on the number of productive branches, the number of chilies per plant, and chilies weight per plot. The best interaction was found in the compost of coffee husk waste 30 tonnes / ha with a concentration of EM4 15 ml / lt water (K3B3). To get a good growth and yield of Chili pepper, it is recommended to use 30 tonnes / ha of coffee husk waste with an EM4 concentration of 15 ml / lt of water.

Keywords: Keyword : Coffee husk waste, EM4 concentration, chili pepper

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Abdul Azis)


80 Crop Production and Environment ABS-292

Physiological responses of clove seedlings applied with different microbial consortium in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere
Nana Rezkiana1, Yunus Musa2, Nasaruddin2, Ifayanti Ridwan2, and Kurniawan1

1Magister Study Program of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10 Makassar 90245, Indonesia.


Abstract

Rhizhosphere and phyllosphere serve as habitat for many kinds of plant-associated microbial. This study aims to study the effect of application of microbial consortium in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of clove seedlings on the plant physiological parameters. The study was conducted as a factorial experiment with two factors based on the randomized blocked design. Application of microbial consortium of Azotobacter sp., Lactobacillus sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma sp. in the rhizosphere was set as the first factor, consisted of four levels, namely control (0 mL), 4, 6, and 8 mL. The second factor was the application of the microbial consortium of Gliocladium sp. and Beauveria bassiana in the phyllosphere consisted of four levels, namely control (0 mL), 2, 4, and 6 mL. The physiological parameters observed included observations on the components of leaf stomata, light intensity, and leaf chlorophyll. Result the study showed the average value of the best treatment interactions by application of 8 mL in the rhizosphere and 6 mL in the philosphere, however application the microbial consortium in the rhizosphere and the philosphere simultaneously did not give significantly different from control means that the application of 8mL treatment in the rhizosphere or 6mL in the philosphere gives significantly different results at the Turkey test, So that can affect physiology Clove seedlings, directly or indirectly.

Keywords: Clove Seeds, Microbial Consortium, Rhizosphere, Philosphere. Physiology, Stomata, Light, Chlorophyll.

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nana Rezkiana)


81 Crop Production and Environment ABS-39

THE POTENTIAL ESTIMATION OF SOIL FERTILITY BASED MINERAL TYPES IN PAPALANG AREAS, MAMUJU REGENCY, WEST SULAWESI
Ida Suryani (a*) and Christianto Lopulisa (b)

a) Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Cokroaminoto University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA
*idasuryani8311[at]gmail.com
b) Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA


Abstract

Commonly mineral is the soil inorganic material composed by various chemical elements. They are become important source of plant nutrients. The research objective is to determine the physical properties of the soil and microscopically identified at the top layer (0-20 cm) and lower layer (20 - 50 cm) including: color, form, mineral shape and size. The material description included: composition of the upper (55%) and lower (35%) of matrix layers consisting: color, absorption, inference color, shape, size and quantity. Determining the types of mineral found and identifying the types of nutrient-carrying minerals to determine the level of soil fertility was held in the Papalang areas, Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi. The methods in this research is the survey by observing and describing soil profiles in field, laboratory analysis, identifying soil-forming mineral through thin section method used a polarizing microscope. Based the results of mineral analysis, findings about 6 types of minerals were identified as: quartz, Biotite and K-Feldspar is the primary of silicate mineral. The amount of K-Feldspar mineral ranged from 5 - 15%, measuring 0.04 - 0.3 mm. The opaque is an oxide mineral, found in all profiles in the upper and lower layers, about 5 - 15%, with a size of 0.01 - 0.8 mm. Clay is the secondary minerals from alteration of primary minerals at the 35 - 60%. The result of the research showed the potential of soil fertility in the Papalang areas was classified as good.

Keywords: physical properties- micro morphology- thin section- mineral- Mamuju

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ida Suryani)


82 Crop Production and Environment ABS-41

THE INFLUENCE OF SCOPE AND LEAVES ON THE GROWTH OF PEPPER IN SEEDINGS
Azri (a*), Muhammad Hatta (b)

Assessment Institue for Agricultural Technology of West Kalimantan


Abstract

ABSTRACT

Pepper is one of the plantation crop commodities that can support the economy and the lives of the people of this area. This is very reasonable because most of the population of West Kalimantan still relies on a source of income from pepper. In 2017, the area of pepper plants in West Kalimantan reached 10,307 ha with production of 5,499 tonnes, and in 2018 10,550 ha with production of 5,446 tonnes. The area of pepper plants in West Kalimantan has increased but its productivity has decreased. The productivity of pepper in West Kalimantan is still low compared to the national one. The average productivity of West Kalimantan pepper is below 0.85 tonnes / ha compared to the national 1.5 tonnes / ha. The main problems with pepper plants in West Kalimantan are the availability of superior seeds for pepper, low productivity and the presence of disease attacks, the application of pepper cultivation techniques is still simple, the application of fertilizers is not in accordance with the recommended dosage, the attack of pests and diseases. The treatment to be examined is the type of plastic cover and foliar fertilizer. The types of hoods are: white plastic cover (S1), black plastic cover, 3. The cover from coconut midrib (S3) and the foliar fertilizers used are without foliar fertilizer (D0) and foliar fertilizer (D1), the number of repetitions is 4 times, with The treatment combination consisted of S1D0, S1D1, S2D0, S2D1, S3D0 and S3D1 the number of plants per plot of 16 plants so that the total number of plants was 16x 6x 4 = 384 plants. The treatment design used a randomized block design (RBD) with factorial. For this reason, obtaining and providing large quantities of pepper seeds needs to be carried out to provide new superior pepper seeds. However, there is still a high percentage of dead pepper seeds, so it is necessary to do research on the types of seed caps and accelerate the growth of the seeds by providing foliar fertilizer. The purpose of this study w

Keywords: Keywords: cover, growth capacity, pepper seeds, foliar fertilizer

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Azri Azri)


83 Crop Production and Environment ABS-42

STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY PACKAGES TO INCREASE CHILI PRODUCTION IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Maintang, Asriyanti Ilyas, Nurlaila and M. Basir Nappu

Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT) South Sulawesi


Abstract

Chili is a leading horticultural commodity in South Sulawesi Province, and also nationally in Indonesia. The application of appropriate cultivation technologies encourage to increase production of chilies. This study aims to obtain a technology package to increase the production of chili plants, which conducted in Lengkese Village, Mangarabombang District, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, from April to August 2019. The experimental design used was a randomized block design, with three replications and five treatments, namely : A (Maruti variety, closed nursery, MPHP, 75 cm x 60 cm spacing, 20 t/ha organic fertilizer, and 180 kg/ha N, P, K fertilizers)- B (Maruti, closed nursery, MPHP, 75 cm x 60 cm spacing, 10 t/ha organic fertilizer, and 135 kg/ha N, P, K fertilizers)- C (Maruti, closed nurseries, MPHP, 75 cm x 40 cm spacing, 10 t/ha organic fertilizer, and 180 kg/ha N, P, K fertilizers)- D (Maruti, closed nursery, MPHP, plant spacing 75 cm x 40 cm, organic fertilizer 20 t/ha, and 135 kg/ha N, P, K fertilizers- and E (Maruti, open nursery, spacing 75 cm x 30 cm, and fertilizers of N 127 kg/h, P 60 kg/ha, K 60 kg/ha). The results showed that treatment C with technologi package : Maruti, closed nurseries, MPHP, 75 cm x 40 cm spacing, 10 t/ha organic fertilizer, and 180 kg/ha N, P, K fertilizers showed the fruit weight of chilies /plants was higher than treatment A and D, which was significantly different from treatment E and gave the higher yield of chili namely 14.97 t/ha. The pests and diseases that found include aphids (Myzus persicae), fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.), Fusarium wilt, and Anthracnose, each with low infestation rates. This technology package can be used to support increased chili production in South Sulawesi.

Keywords: Chili, cultivation technology, production

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Maintang maintang)


84 Crop Production and Environment ABS-300

Effect of planting spaces and fertilization package on the productivity and prolific level of Maize
Muh. Farid BDR, Rusnadi Padjung, Nasaruddin, Ifayanti Ridwan

Universitas Hasanuddin


Abstract

A study aimed to determine planting system and fertilization packages that give the best result on productivity and prolific level of Maize was conducted. Maize variety Sinhas 1 was planted with three planting systems to design different planting spaces between and within the rows. A Legowo planting system was used with two models, ie. Legowo (50+100) x 20 cm and Legowo (50+100) x 18 cm, resulted in a total of 66,667 and 74,074 population per hectare, respectively. A normal planting spacing of 75 x 20 cm was used as control with a total population of 66,667 plants per hectare. Four fertilization packages were used consisted of N:P:K= 225:100:75- N:P:K= 200:100:60 + KNO3 10 kg- N:P:K= 225:100:75 + Ecofarming 5cc/L- and N:P:K= 200:100:50 + KNO3 10 kg + Ecofarming 5 cc/L. A split plot experimental design was employed. Results show that planting system and fertilization packages significantly increased affected the productivity and the prolific level of the maize. Planting density of Legowo (50+100) x 20 cm applied with N:P:K = 200:100:50 + KNO3 10 kg + Ecofarming 5cc/L resulted in the highest productivity of 10.43 t ha-1 with percentage of prolific of 73.36%.

Keywords: Prolific Maize, Planting Space, Fertilization, Ecofarming, Sinhas 1

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ifayanti Ridwan)


85 Crop Production and Environment ABS-301

Hydroulic conductivity and soil cracking in vertisol after puddling at different soil depths
Mona Ayu Santi, Sikstus Gusli, Sartika Laban

Dept. of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin


Abstract

Vertisol is a potential ground for agriculture, including for the production of raindrops rice fields. But the nature expands when wet and shrinkage when dry complicates the growth of non-paddy plants in the dry season, the soil becomes very hard and cracked. Our objective is to learn the effect of the depth of the puddling and the addition of organic materials (ash husk and compost) to the hydraulic conductivity and Vertisol cracking pattern. The research method is organized according to split plot design, the main plot is the depth puddling (10 and 15 cm), and the sub plot is organic material (compost, ash husk, and control) with a dose of 10 tons/ha each. Measurements include hydraulic conductivity after being crushed and after rice is harvested before the soil is drained. The measured cracking index includes the number, width, depth and length of the cracks. The result of the type of organic material added does not affect soil hydraulic conductivity, but is influenced by the depth puddling. The puddling of the 15 cm gives hydraulic conductivity lower than the 10 cm puddling. The value of hydraulic conductivity increases due to the growth of plant roots. Organic matter affects the number, length and length of the cracks. The depth of the puddling only affects the depth of the crack.

Keywords: soil expands and shrinkage, soil cracking index, conductivity of water, compost, ash husk

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sartika Laban)


86 Crop Production and Environment ABS-302

THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC AND CLASSIFICATION OF INCEPTISOL SOIL IN FEW LAND AT MAMUJU REGENCY, WEST SULAWESI
Ida Suryani (a*) and Maimuna Nontji (b)

a) Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, Cokroaminoto University Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA
*idasuryani8311[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Agrotecnology, Faculty of Agriculture,
Indonesian Moslem University (UMI), Makassar INDONESIA


Abstract

Soil morphology provide overview the evolution in the soil body through description and interpretation of soil profile properties as initial information in classifying soil. The research purpose is to determine the morphological characteristics and soil classification of Inceptisols in four study profiles: Kalonding, Batu Papan, Pepalang and Batu Ampat, in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi. The research method was descriptive exploratory by survey in the field and soil analysis in the laboratory. The results showed that most of the study profiles had lost all part of the horizon A indicated by the relatively high chroma color indicate color of horizon B. In general, texture clay because the clay content of the study profile relatively high and the dust ratio is low. It related to the intensity of weathering to high rainfall, easily weathered source stone and relatively high resistant of mineral content. Horizon A has a relatively lower clay content than horizon B. Other chemical properties: pH, N-total, cation exchange capacity, alkaline saturation, exchangeable of Ca, , Mg, K, Na and P- availability is low with a relatively constant distribution pattern related increasing depth. Based study profiles, Udepts not sulfuric horizon, duripan, fragipan and does not have free carbonates in the soil, alkaline saturation greater (equal to 60%) between 25 - 75 cm depth from the mineral soil surface. This categorized into Great Group Dystrudepts and sub group Typic Dystrudepts for the study profile of Batu Papan, Pepalang and Batu Ampat. The Kalonding study profile belongs to sub group Lithic Dystrudepts.

Keywords: morphological character, Inceptisol, soil classification, Mamuju

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ida Suryani)


87 Crop Production and Environment ABS-47

Off-Season Cultivation of Several Shallot Varieties in Dry Land, Lampung
Nila Wardani, Nina Mulyanti, Dewi Rumbaina M , Agung Lasmono and Rismawita Sinaga

Lampung Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology


Abstract

Abstract. Lampung is one of the centers for shallot development in Indonesia and it is estimated that there are 10 - 100 thousand ha of dry land in the lowlands and uplands which can be optimized for the development of shallot farming. The application of location-specific off-season shallot cultivation technology and the use of superior varieties in the development of shallot centers on dry land is expected to be able to guarantee its availability throughout the year and overcome price fluctuations. For this reason, it is necessary to study the cultivation of shallots outside the season with varieties in accordance with market demand. This activity was carried out in Tanggamus Regency, from January to December 2018. The design used was the Split Plot Design, where the main plot was the use of mulch and without mulch and as sub-plots were 3 shallot varieties, namely: 1. Bima Brebes variety- 2. Trisula and 3. Bali Karet varieties. Each treatment was repeated 4 times. The data obtained were analyzed using variance with Duncan^s continued test at the 5% level. The results of the study show that off-seasson shallot cultivation is promising to be cultivated by farmers because the production is quite good with an average of 14.59 tonnes / ha using Bima Brebes, Trisula and Bali Karet varieties. Bali Karet varieties have good prospects to be developed and planted outside the season because they are more resistant to pests and diseases and have the highest production (20.87 tonnes / ha) compared to Bima Brebes and Trisula varieties. There was no significant difference between the use of mulch and without mulch on the off-season shallot production.

Keywords: Bawang merah, Off Season, Lahan kering, Lampung

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nila Wardani)


88 Crop Production and Environment ABS-53

The Effect of Compost Application on Soil Fertility Parameters and Cocoa Productivity
Muthmainnah (a*), Laode Asrul (b), Rusnadi Padjung (b), Kurniawan (b), Utari Eka Setiani (b)

Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University
Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM.10, Tamalanrea Indah, Kec. Tamalanrea, Kota Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia


Abstract

Cocoa is one of the plantation crops that has an important role in the national economy whose production has decreased due to ineffective treatment of plants. One thing that can be done was the addition of organic material by composting effectively. This study aimed to determine the effect of Cocoa husk compost application on soil fertility and cocoa productivity. This study was conducted in Gantarangkeke Village, Gantarangkeke Sub-district, Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province and took place from March to September 2020. This study used a randomized block design as its environmental design. Compost application consists of 5 levels, namely control (0 kg/tree), (2.5 kg/tree), (5 kg/tree), (7.5 kg/tree), (10 kg/tree). The results of the study experiment showed that compost application of 10 kg/tree resulted in a pH of 6.3, CEC value of 27.14 cmol (+)/kg, organic-C content of 2.16%, available-P content of 18.1 ppm, K 0.46 cmol (+)/kg, Number of fruit/tree 9.67 (fruit), seeds/fruit 28.37 (seeds), Weight 100 dry seeds 113.17 (g), Dry seeds per tree 315.50 (g), Dry seeds per hectare 350.50 (kg/ha).

Keywords: Cocoa- Compost- Soil- Production

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muthmainnah )


89 Crop Production and Environment ABS-71

Climate, land area, and fertilizer distribution policy supports to Lampung Strategic Food Production
Reli Hevrizen, Meidaliyantisyah

Lampung AIAT


Abstract

Rainfall, land area, and subsidized fertilizer distribution system policies are predicted to affect the production of strategic crops in Lampung Province. This study aims to determine how much influence the rainfall, land area, and distribution system of subsidized fertilizers on the production of rice, corn and cassava in Lampung Province and determine the carrying capacity of climate, land and fertilizer distribution policies on the production of strategic food crops in Lampung. This study used a descriptive analysis method by taking data on rainfall, land area, subsidized fertilizer distribution system and time-series food crop production for 15 years (2002-2016). Data analysis used multiple linear regression with Eviews 9.0 software. Testing data using assumption tests (autocorrelation and multicollinearity), F test (overall), correlation coefficient (r), coefficient of determination (R). The results showed that each 1 mm/year increase in rainfall in Lampung Province from 2002-2016 would reduce rice production by 45.6 tons, corn by 87.97 tons and cassava by 733.6 tons. Meanwhile, every increase of 1 hectare of land in Lampung Province will increase rice production by 6.2 tons, corn 4.65 tons, and cassava 26.01 tons. In addition, the subsidized fertilizer distribution system variable which is also part of the production factor also plays a positive role in the production of rice, corn and cassava. The carrying capacity of rainfall, land area, and the distribution system of subsidized fertilizers on Lampung strategic food crop production are rice 96.1%, corn 86.9%, and cassava 79.09%.

Keywords: rice, corn, cassava, Lampung

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Meidaliyantisyah Meidaliyantisyah)


90 Crop Production and Environment ABS-73

INFLUENCE OF MEDIA AND NATURAL SEEDLINGS HEIGHT ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF EHA (Castanopsis buruanaMiq.)
Husna1,Basrudin1, Faisal Danu Tuheteru1, Asrianti Arif1, Albasri1

Halu Oleo University


Abstract

Castanopsis buruana Miq. from the Fagaceae family is one of the endemic species that grows in the lowland forests of Sulawesi. This plant has important economic value as a producer of wood and nuts which have high nutritional value so that they are suitable for cultivation. To support the development of the plantation forest C. buruana Miq. in Sulawesi, it is necessary to understand the silvicultural technique. Recently, C. buruana Miq. can be propagated by seed, but the problem is that it does not produced fruit every year, the seeds are easily damaged and have a hard and thick seed coat that takes a long time to germinate. Therefore, we need an alternative cultivation technology with vegetative propagation. This study aims to examine the success of growing natural seedlings of C. buruana Miq. at different media treatments and seedlings heights. This research was prepared based on a completely randomized design consisting of two factors. The first factor consisted of 3 levels of treatments, namely soil, soil + compost 1:1, and soil + compost 2:1. The second factor was the height of the tillers consisted of 3 levels of treatment, namely 10 cm, 20 and 30 cm. The data from the observations were analyzed using the F test, if the treatment had a significant effect then it was followed by the Duncan test with the 5% confidence level. The results showed that the type of media had no significant effect on all tested variables. The treatment of tiller height and its interaction had no significant effect on all tested variables, except for shoot height had a significant effect. Soil treatment + compost 1:1 yielded a live percentage and 100% sprouting percentage with a shoot height of 15 cm and a shoot dry weight of 0.67 g. The treatment of seedling height resulted in a live percentage and 100% sprouting percentage with a shoot height of 3 cm and a dry weight of 0.60 g. The composition of 1:1 compost soil media and 20 cm root height is the best treatment because it can incre

Keywords: Natural seedlings, root crops, Castanopsis buruana, survival seedling

Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Basrudin Basrudin)


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