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1	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-3
The Potential of Moringa oleifera as Immunobooster against COVID 19:A Review Muhammad Fajri BPTP Yogyakarta Abstract After COVID 19, people will be more selective in the food they eat. The types of food chosen are those that have health benefits, especially as immunity boosters. The problem is what types of products can provide these benefits en masse, cheap, and easy to reach. This review aims to explore the potential of the Moringa plant as a plant that can be a source of functional food as a post-COVID 19 immune booster. The method used is to review various journal references that discuss research results related to the use of moringa plants and specifically those related to the anticipation of COVID 19. Based on the results of a review of various literature, it was found that the Moringa plant has various functional properties. These health functions include, among others, as an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anticancer, antihypertensive, antiasthmatic, anti-urolithiasis, anthelmintic, anti-fertility, anti-hyperthyroid, and anti-Alzheimer. One of the roles of moringa plants in dealing with COVID 19 is as an immune booster. This is important because one of the factors that cause the different severity of COVID 19 patients is the immunity. People with a good body^s immunity tend to be able to survive infection and attacks by the SARS-Cov-2 virus. Some of the components of moringa that play a role in this are kaempferol, pterygospermin, morphine, quercetin, and apigenin-7-O-rutinoside. Apigenin has the highest activity against SARS-Cov-2- MPro (the main protease of COVID 19). Keywords: Moringa- immune booster- COVID 19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Fajri)

2	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-96
The Integration Model of Sweet Potato-Pigs in the Papua Highlands Alberth Soplanit, Siska Tirajoh, Batsyeba Tiro, Ghalih Dominanto and Merlin K Rumbarar Assessment Institute for Agricultural of Papua Abstract As an effort to increase food security, it is necessary to have a local specific technology assembled model based on sweet potato as an effort to diversify non-rice food. One model that can be used is the sweet potato-pigs integration system (hipere wam). The aim of this study is to produce a specific location model of sweet potato-pigs integration technology in the sweet potato development center area. The results of the study showed that sweet potato production during the four months of the assessment with the wet tuber weight for Musan cultivar was 0.90 kg / plant or 21.67 t/ha and Cangkuang cultivar was 1.06 kg/plant or 25.47 t/ha, respectively. Biomassproduction was 0.84 kg /plant or 20.24 t/ha for Musan cultivar and 0.76 kg/plant or 18.31 t/ha for Cangkuang cultivar, respectively. The increase in body weight of introduced pigs was 157 gr/pig/day, compared to the farmer^s pattern of 50 gr/pig/day. Based on the calculation of the level of consumption of pigs during the assessment, it shows that the average feed requirement from sweet potato is 1.5 kg /pig/ day or 180 kg /pig/ 4 months or 2.880 kg /16 pigs /4 months. The calculation of organic fertilizer from wet livestock manure for four months of maintenance is 625 kg or 39.1 kg/ pig or 0.32 kg /pig/day. If it is assumed that the 0.20 hectare land contains 5.333 plants, the contribution of organic fertilizer from pig manure to sweet potato plants is 0.12 kg or 120 g/plant/4 months. Keywords: Sweet potato-pigs, Integration, local technology specific Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Alberth Soplanit)

3	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-113
Use Of Yard Land As A Source Of Nutrition And Family Economy During Covid-19 Pandemic Hasrianti Silondae (a*) and Meivie Lintang (b) a) & b) North Sulawesi Assessment Institute For Agricultural Technology (AIAT) * hasrianti_silondae[at]yahoo.com Abstract Abstract. The period of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia has not yet fully passed, so various strategies are needed that can minimize fluctuations in household food needs. Continuous optimization of yard land can provide nutritional fulfillment solutions for people both plant and animal and an increase in the PPH score by 11.90-20.46 percent. The description of the government^s strategy in agriculture through the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia, that the system of cultivation of vertikultur crops, hydroganik, aquaponics, hydroponics, tabulapot, and shelter houses is very easy for every household in Indonesia to do. People can use empty or derelict yard land integrated by suitable or cultivating livestock /fish to obtain family nutrition and economic resources. This review raises several models of household yard management that have been studied by previous researchers so that the community can imitate or apply directly in the yard. Keywords: Yard- Nutrition- Economy- Family Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hasrianti Silondae)

4	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-155
IMPACT OF PANDEMIC COVID 19 ON VEGETABLE FARMERS IN NORTH SUMATERA Moral Abadi Girsang*, Imelda Marpaung*, Dorkas Parhusip*, Lermansius Haloho*, Sarman P. Tobing* dan Palmarum Nainggolan* *)Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sumatera Utara Abstract This research was conducted from June to August 2020 with the research locations were the two main vegetable producer regencies in North Sumatra, namely Karo Regency and Simalungun Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on vegetable farmer^s income, to determine which factors most influenced vegetable farmer^s income during the pandemic, and to recommend policies to reduce the impact of the pandemic on vegetable farmers in North Sumatra. Data were collected through interviews with 53 vegetable farmers in two districts whose locations were selected purposively while the respondent farmers were selected by judgment. The data in this study were analyzed using descriptive methods through a quantitative approach. The results showed that as many as 92.9% of respondents stated that their income had decreased during the Covid 19 pandemic. Factors causing a decrease in farmer^s income were rising prices for fertilizers and pesticides (89,3%), worries about activities due to the pandemic (98,2%), limited transportation for marketing among provinces (23,2%), regional transportation restrictions (46,4%), and time restrictions on selling in the market (26,8%). several government policies towards farmers during a pandemic must be implemented immediately Keywords: impact, pandemic, covid 19, vegetable farmers Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Moral Abadi Girsang)

5	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-168
FARMING SYSTEM OF FOOD CROP KEEP GOING TO PRODUCE ON A TIME CLIMATE CHANGE AND PANDEMIC COVID-19 IN TIMOR - INDONESIA Yohanes Leki Seran, Helena da Silva and Nelson Karyo Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology - NTT Abstract ABSTRACT Each body need some foods to consume every day. But to produce food in all region face much factor as challenges. Challenges that farmers always face in the dryland region are limited water for supplying to crop, soil have low fertile and low input production into manage farming system. In addition to produce food crop on the Pandemic COVID-19 face the new challenges like as availability of input production, distribution and marketing of product. However food production should be prepared to fulfill human needs. The objectives of research are (1) to know farmers activity on the farming system of food crop. (2) to know the way farmers availability input production, distribution and marketing of product. And (3) to know productivity of food crops on Pandemic COVID-19. This research used survey and observation Method to the farming system that be done by farmers. This research show that farmers always are doing their farming system of food crop in spite of happen climate change especially have no rain for a long time and Pandemic COVID-19. For doing their farming intensively, farmers should to get input production from distribution agent. And farmers success to sell their product in local market. However for product that should be sold in the other island or product for industry market often face challenges especially transportation. Keywords: Key Word : Food crop, Farming System, Climate change and COVID-19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yohanes Leki Seran)

6	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-179
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES SELLING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (A Case Study on Toko Ayu in Panjer, Denpasar) Ni Wayan Suryathi1, Ni Made Delly Resiani2, and I Gde Agoes Caskara Surya Putra3 1. Program Studi Akuntansi, FakultasEkonomi dan Bisnis, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, Denpasar Indonesia. 2. Center for Assessment of Agricultural Technology, Denpasar Indonesia 3. Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Universitas Mahasaraswati, Denpasar Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic outbreak, which has now spread all over the world, is something to be feared. Because this pandemic not only affects the health sector, but also in terms of social and economic aspects, including the food and agriculture sectors. The aim of this study is to understand and analyse the impact of Covid-19 on the performance of companies selling agricultural products (a case study on Toko Ayu in Panjer, Denpasar). The findings from this study show that that the performance of Toko Ayu as a seller of agricultural products (i.e. flour, sugar, etc.) continues to experience an increase in sales compared to before the spread of the pandemic. In addition, the increase in sales results can also be seen from the main financial performance, namely the profitability, which reached 78%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak has a positive impact on Toko Ayu in terms of their performance in selling agricultural products. Keywords: Impact of Covid-19, companies^ performance, agricultural products Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ni Wayan Suryathi)

7	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-182
POTENTIAL UTILIZATION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS AS A DRUG SOURCE IN THE PROTECTED FOREST AREA OF ENREKANG DISTRICT Husnah Latifah(a*), Muh.Daud(b), Rusmi AR(c) a)Faculty of Agricultur,Muhammadiyah University Jl. Sultan Alauddin No.259, Makassar 90221, Indonesia *husnahlatifah99[at]gmail.com b))Faculty of Agricultur,Muhammadiyah University Jl. Sultan Alauddin No.259, Makassar 90221, Indonesia c)School of Agricultur Muhammadiyah University Abstract This study aims to determine the use of non-timber forest products as a source of medicine in protected forest areas in Bungin Village, Bungin District, Enrekang Regency. The data collected are primary and secondary data. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews, questionnaires, surveys and literature studies and then analyzed by statistical descriptive methods. The results showed that there were 12 types of plants that could potentially be used as medicinal plants. The types of medicinal plants are candlenut, breadfruit, cinnamon, balm, patikala, siri, laruna, suren, guava, kapok, lime and coffee. Parts of plants that are used as medicine are seeds, roots, stems, leaves, fruit, skin, sap and flowers. The processing and utilization of medicinal plants by the community is carried out in 7 ways, namely burning, mashing, frying, drying, boiling, kneading and without processing. While the technique of using medicinal plants by the community is carried out in 7 ways, namely applying, drinking, gargling, inhaling, placing it on the wound, eating directly and washing the eyes. Keywords: Non-timber forest products, observation, processing, utilization, medicinal plants Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (husnah latifah)

8	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-201
A review of Agricultural Production Specially the Food Industry during Pandemic COVID-19 A B R Indah (a*), D P Sahar(b), M T Afifudin(b), N Ikasari(a), Mulyadi(a) a) Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar,Indonesia *a.besseriyani[at]gmail.com b) Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia Abstract During the Covid-19 pandemic, many sectors were affected, including the world economic sector, which had fallen sharply, leading to several countries experiencing recession. some businesses closed due to government restrictions. However, this is different from the food industry, which is required to continue producing to meet food needs during the Covid-19 pandemic. This is not in line with the production system that is being implemented because there are several obstacles related to the supply of raw materials for production and ensuring that the health level of workers is maintained during a pandemic. This is a challenge for the food industry, because on the one hand they have to meet the needs of consumers while the production system is hampered because it can be caused by an unusual division of working hours. Therefore, a literature study was conducted regarding the state of the food industry production system during the Covid-19 pandemic and examined several policies that could be taken to ensure that the food production system continues as expected and supports food security. Keywords: Pandemic Covid-19, food industry, production system, policy, food security Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (A. Besse Riyani Indah)

9	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-227
The Contribution of Housewives in Timber and Non-Timber Harvesting Activities During the Covid-19 Muhammad Dassir (a*), Nurdin Dalya (a), Christine Esye Semoin (a) a) Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia Abstract The current pandemic situation has a major impact on the economic sector, especially household income. Housewives often contribute to the family economic system, one of the ways is by utilizing forest products. This research aims to describe the role of housewives on harvesting timber and pine resin products, and to determine the time spent and the contribution of income generated by these housewives. Data collection process was carried out directly using interview techniques to 27 selected samples by purposive sampling. Data from interview then processed and analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis methods. The results showed that the role of housewives in harvesting wood forest products was used as raw material for charcoal production, with an average flow of work time of 43% and an income contribution by 42,5%. While in harvesting pine sap, housewives act as pine sap collectors with an average working time of 48% and an income contribution by 26%. Keywords: Contribution, Housewife- Wood harvesting- Pine resin- Covid-19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurdin Dalya)

10	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-228
The Socio-Economic Characteristics on Pine (Pinus merkusii, sp.) Sap Tappers Income in Pandemic Covid-19 Situation A. Mujetahid (a*), Muhammad Dassir (a), Iswara Gautama (a), Nurdin Dalya (a), Andi Vika Faradiba Muin (a), Risna (a) a) Forestry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia Abstract Through this research, we tried to examine the social and economic characteristics of harvesting non-timber forest products during the pandemic. On the other hand, this research tries to describe the socio-economic characteristics of Pinus merkusii sap tappers and the effects on their income in Cenrana Baru Village, Cenrana District, Maros Regency. Data collection process was carried out directly using interview techniques to 30 respondents who were selected by purposive sampling. Data from the interviews then processed and analyzed using descriptive analysis methods and quantitative analysis. The results of the research that have been conducted show that the socio-economic characteristics of tappers based on the results of the study are the average age of tappers is around 41-48 years which is included in the productive age, the level of education is still low with a percentage of 50% are elementary school graduates, the amount of the average family dependents included in the category of small family with the number of dependents 1-2 people, the main livelihood is as farmers, the tappers have an average 1-2 ha of tapping area, the number of tapped pine trees is at intervals of 20-32 trees with a percentage of 27%, the average age of pine is 40 years, the production of sap produced by tappers are average 176-367 kg per month with a percentage of 53% and the average income of tappers is Rp 2.523.661,27 per month where the income of tappers is still below minimum wage (City or Regency Minimum Wage / UMK) of Maros Regency 2019 that is Rp 3.100.000,00. The socio-economic characteristics are thought to have an effect on tappers^ income are age, family dependence, type of work, land ownership, working hours, number of trees, age of pine and sap production. Pine sap production has a significant positive effect at the 99% confidence level and land area has a significant effect on total household income at the 95% confidence level. Keywords: Socio-economic- Income- Pine sap tapping- Covid-19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurdin Dalya)

11	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-229
The Teak Harvesting Technique in Community Forest During The Covid- 19 A. Mujetahid (a*), Iswara Gautama (a), Nurdin Dalya (a) a) Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia Abstract We will try to investigate changes in teak harvesting techniques due to the Covid-19 outbreak at research locations in community teak forests. This research aims to identify the techniques that used in harvesting community teak forests. The techniques used in each harvesting process, including felling, skidding, and timber transportation processes were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the technique used in the wood harvesting process was a semi-mechanical technique that combined the use of manual and mechanical equipment. Manual equipment is widely used in the felling and skidding process, while mechanical equipment is used in the felling and transportation processes. The felling is carried out to cut down the tree, which is then carried out by dividing the stems into parts that are suitable for skidding. Mechanical equipment in felling using chainsaws in the felling process and for the stems. Furthermore, in the branch cleaning process using manual equipment in the form of machetes. Felling is carried out by one operator by observing four basic steps in felling including determining the direction of felling, making the felling notch and the back cut. Furthermore, the pilgrimage process is carried out using manual equipment by means of a shoulder, using an ARTCO cart, horse, and dompeng. The method used in the skidding process at the research location is still manual with several considerations including- field conditions, such as unavailability of road access to the felling site and scattered locations, volume of timber to be skidded, and relatively low cost. In the final process of harvesting, the transport of skidded wood to the industry is carried out by mechanical engineering using a rented truck based on the number of trips with a maximum load volume of four m3 per trip. Keywords: Harvesting technique- Teak forest- Covid-19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurdin Dalya)

12	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-232
The Cost of Harvesting Process in Teak Community Forest during The Covid-19 Iswara Gautama (a*), A. Mujetahid (a), Nurdin Dalya (a), Andi Vika Faradiba Muin (a) a) Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia Abstract This pandemic also affected the amount of costs incurred from the teak harvesting process. Based on previous research, we tried to compare the costs arising from teak harvesting during the pandemic. On the other hand, Cost analysis of community teak harvesting aims to analyze the costs incurred by the community at each harvesting process, starting at the felling, skidding, to transportation stages, both in self-managed systems and in wholesale systems. Data were collected through observation and interviews which were then analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis by calculating the costs for each harvesting process. Machine costs are obtained by adding up fixed costs and variable costs incurred, while operating costs are obtained by adding up machine costs with operator and helper wages. The results showed that during the felling process, the machine costs incurred ranged from Rp 6.659,25 to Rp 8.749,54 with an average of Rp 7.682,73 which consisted of fixed costs Rp 970,83 (12.64%) and variable costs Rp 6.711,90 (87.36%). Furthermore, the business costs incurred in the felling process ranged from Rp 14.712,33 to Rp 25.421,81 with an average Rp 18.908,08. In the skidding process, the costs incurred based on the skid tools used include using a dompeng of Rp 21.277,17 per hour, human carrying Rp 10.001,00 per hour, horse Rp 6.777,33 per hour and ARTCO cart Rp 5.460,34 per hour. The biggest cost component is labor wages, which range from Rp. 5.000 to Rp. 10.000 per hour, except by using a (mechanical) dompeng. The transportation process, which is the final process of harvesting, costs from Rp 200.000 to Rp 250.000 per m3. Keywords: Harvesting cost- Teak forest, Covid-19 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurdin Dalya)

13	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-249
The Impact of Covid-19 on Supply Chain: Case Study on Agricultural Production DP Sahar (a*), MT Afifudin (a), ABR Indah (b) a) Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia *dian.sahar.industri[at]gmail.com b) Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin, Gowa, Indonesia Abstract Government restrictions in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on the food supply chain. This is found at every level of the food supply chain. At the supplier level (farmers), there is an accumulation of agricultural products. This is compounded for perishable food. At the manufacturing level (industry), there is a delay in the production process because food is difficult in the delivery process (transportation). This is compounded if the food material is imported. At the consumer level, price fluctuations occur because the supply of food is limited and panic buying behaviour. This article discusses the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the agribusiness industry in several countries. In Indonesia, the government enforces national food security to anticipate the global food crisis. This policy is carried out by utilizing local products to shorten the food supply chain. Keywords: food supply chain, agricultural production, agribusiness, government restrictions. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (A. Besse Riyani Indah)

14	Adapting Agricultural Production to Covid-19	ABS-255
A Review of Food Logistic Strategic During Covid-19 MT Afifudin (a*), DP Sahar (a), ABR Indah (b) a) Industrial Engineering, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, Indonesia *thezar.afifudin[at]fatek.unpatti.ac.id b) Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Hasanuddin, Gowa, Indonesia Abstract Since the imposition of government restrictions in Indonesia, food logistics has encountered obstacles. Whereas agricultural products are classified as perishable food, so special handling is needed in their distribution. Agricultural distribution discusses the flow of agricultural product from farmers to consumers. Farmers harvest agricultural products, then immediately distribute them. Several business strategies can be implemented to overcome the food logistic problem during the Covid-19 pandemic. This article outlines the strategies the food industry can adopt to stay in the food business. It turns out that online sales can increase the revue of the food industry. In addition, preserving food can be an option for the food industry to keep food durable. Keywords: food logistic, food industry, business strategy, agricultural distribution Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (A. Besse Riyani Indah)

15	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-25
Community Empowerment to Improving Community Economy through Training on the Development of Taro Andi Dirpan (a*), Muh. Yuslim Patawari (b), Agus Bintara Birawida (c) a) department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University b) Politeknik pertanian Negeri Pangkajenen dan Kepulauan , Indonesia c) Department of Enviromental Health, Hasanuddin University. Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan Km.10, Makassar Abstract The Hasanuddin University Regional Partnership Program (PKW) in collaboration with POLITANI and the Pinrang District Government have carried out community service activities with the aim of overcoming the problems in Patampanua District especially Malimpung village. Knowledge and skills in utilizing natural resources around are one of the essential things that need to be known by the community to improve the economy and improve the welfare of the community as one of the solutions to reduce poverty. The purpose of this activity is to increase the knowledge and skills of the Malimpung village community about processing into taro chips products. This activity was carried out in the village of Malimpung on 23-25 July 2018 by involving the community as a target. The executing methods used in this activity are counseling, demonstration, and implementation. The results of this activity can increase people^s knowledge of the nutritional content of taro tubers and taro chips, ingredients, and procedures for making taro chips, as well as the storage and packaging process for taro chips. Keywords: Taro, taro chips, Malimpung village community Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andi Dirpan)

16	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-288
Efek Pemberian Kompos Kulit Kakao dan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) Daun Gamal (Gliricidia sepium) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Asmiaty Sahur (a), Nasaruddin (b), and Alifia Alfadilah Syam (b) Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Abstract ABSTRACT ASMIATY SAHUR (196910101993032001), Effect of Cocoa Compost and POC (Liquid Organic Fertilizer) Gamal Leaves (Gliricidia sepium) On Cocoa Plant Growth (Theobroma cacao L.). Guided by NASARUDDIN and ALIFIA ALFADILAH SYAM. This research aims to find out the effectiveness of cocoa skin compost and liquid organic fertilizer gamal leaves so that a response to cocoa plant growth in the vegetative growth phase of cocoa plantations in soppeng region.. This research was conducted in January to May 2020 in Jampu-jampu Hamlet, Congko Village, Marioriwawo District, Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The study was based on a two-factorial pattern (F2F) in the RandomIzed Design Group consisting of no cocoa skin compost (k0), 2.27 kg (k1) cocoa skin compost administration, 4.54 kg (k2) cocoa compost administration, and without the administration of liquid organic fertilizer gamal leaves (n0), the administration of liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves 10 ml/L (n1), the administration of liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves 15 ml/L (n2), the administration of liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves 20 ml/L (n3). The results showed that the interaction between cocoa skin compost treatment and liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves can improve the vegetative phase, namely increasing the percentage of fruit surviving, stomat density, and the area of stomata openings. The application of cocoa skin compost in cocoa plants is effective in increasing the of the formed fruit, the of the deciduous fruit, as well as the total area of the leaves. While the application of liquid organic fertilizer of gamal leaves gives the best influence on the percentage of autumn fruit valves. Keywords: Cocoa, compost, liquid organic fertilizer Keywords: Coco, compost, liquid organic fertilizer Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asmiaty Sahur)

17	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-33
Designing business models for rural agroindustry to increase the added value of coconut Suci Wulandari (a) Jelfina C. Alouw (b) (a) Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development (b) International Coconut Community Abstract Indonesia is the world^s largest coconut producer, where smallholder plantations play a significant role. Most coconut processing at the farmer level and using traditional techniques. Whole coconut and copra are primary product sales, and income-generating from coconut farming currently very low because there is no by-products processing. The integrated coconut industry is one strategy to produce processed products with added value by utilizing all product components. Implementing a rural-based integrated coconut industry faced several constraints. This paper aims to analyze the constraints of increasing coconut added value, identify the business model for coconut rural agroindustry development, and develop a support system model for implementing the business models. Three business model patterns can be built, distinguished by business model structure, role sharing and risk management. The actors involved are farmers, farmer groups or cooperatives, and small-medium enterprises. The development of a business model in the integrated coconut industry also requires an innovation system that allows the transfer of knowledge and technology. The innovation system focuses on activities of capacity building, technology transfer, market access, and financial. Keywords: coconut, agroindustry, rural, business model Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suci Wulandari)

18	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-34
Strengthening women^s entrepreneurship capabilities in palm-cattle integrated farming system Suci Wulandari (a*) Renato Villano (b) (a) Indonesian Center for Estate Crops Research and Development, Bogor, Indonesia *suciwulandari[at]hotmail.com (b) University of New England, Armidale, Australia Abstract Rural women entrepreneurs plays a significant role in economic, social and sustainable agriculture development aspects in addition to increasing added value, creating a thriving community system, and encouraging the achievement of a competitive agribusiness system. One of the agribusiness systems that is developing in Indonesia is palm cattle integration. However, the entrepreneurial capabilities of women in palm-cattle integration is still limited due to underlying issues and challenges. Using qualitative techniques, this paper aims to evaluate the women^s entrepreneurship aspects in the palm-cow integrated system and identify potential strategy to strengthen women entrepreneurship skills. The performance of women entrepreneurship is not only influenced by individual factors, but also external factors driven by the agribusiness system and the external environment. Strategy to strengthen women entrepreneurship can be considered through a two-pronged approach - assistance program and facilitation support. The results offer useful insight for policymakers and stakeholders to address issues of women entrepreneurship in the context of accelerating the implementation of palm-cattle integration. Keywords: women, participation, entrepreneurship, palm-cattle Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suci Wulandari)

19	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-50
Kalibening Avocado Farming Scenario In Kebondalem Village, Semarang Regency, Central Java Siti Sehat Tan1), Rita Indrasti2), and Afrizal Malik3) 1)Center for Agricultural Technology Research and Development (ICATAD). 2)Center for Agricultural Technology Research and Development (ICATAD). 3)Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology (AIAT). Abstract Abstract Kalibening Avocado may be found in the Kalibening and Kebondalem Villages, Jambu District, Semarang Regency. It is a local resource primadonna as the Kalibening avocado has excellent prospects. It has sweet taste and thick fruit meat so it is very well liked by the market. Seed sales market has reached out of the Central Java Province and even it has also been sold online. Approximately 87% of the Kebondalem people have developed and worked on the Kalibening Avocado seeding. The purpose of paper is to provide information related to the Kalibening Avocado farming marketed with two methods namely the Avocado fruit and seedlings obtained from the parent plant tree. The analysis method used was scripted analysis. Data was collect, using open interview techniques, then the results were analysed. Secondary data was obtained from a variety of research sources relevant to the study. The location was chosen deliberately, as it was a the only Kalibening Avocado center in Central Java Province. The results of the analysis showed that the two scenarios reviewed had a low input costs with the R/C ratio of 2.5, this means that it was very favourable Keywords: Scenario, Farming, Avocado Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Sehat Tan)

20	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-58
The Role of Cooperatives in Marketing Arabica Coffee (Case Study of Benteng Alla Farmers^ Cooperative in Benteng Alla Utara Village ) Nurbaya Busthanul*, Idris Summase, Tamzil Ibrahim, Rusli M. Rukka, Abdul Rahim, Heliawati Agribusiness Study Program, Department of Agricultural Socio-Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar *n.busthanul0963[at]gmail.com Abstract Cooperatives are a product of the government^s efforts to improve the national economy. The agricultural sector is the backbone of the national economy, so that if the cooperative in the agricultural sector functions properly, it will greatly assist in improving the national economy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of the Cooperative Tani Benteng Alla in marketing Arabica coffee, and to analyze the development strategy of the Cooperative Tani Benteng Alla in marketing Arabica coffee . The analysis technique used is the SWOT analysis . The results of this study indicate that the Benteng Alla farmer cooperative is not only used as a place for members to gather but a place where they can get experience and knowledge about the activities carried out by the cooperative, and cooperatives will also build farmers and rural communities who have superior human resource quality which includes increasing skills and skills (business and organization), knowledge, and developing the entrepreneurial spirit of the farmers themselves. Keywords: Farmers^ Cooperative- SWOT Analysis- National Economy Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurbaya Busthanul)

21	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-59
INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING OF RICE SEED BASED ON COMMUNITY IN SUPPORTING FOOD SECURITY (Study Case of Thousand Seed Self-Reliance-Villages in Central Java) Cahyati Setiani, Indrie Ambarsari, and Munir Eti Wulanjari Assessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Central Java Abstract Seedling-system transformation has been gradually shifted the seed authority management from farmer and breeder to multinational companies. This circumstance should be balanced with farmer capability in producing seeds independently to prevent capitalization. Thus, the Ministry of Agriculture has declared the thousand seed-self-reliance villages as a community-based program to face those challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the importance of institutional strengthening through the seed self-reliance-villages program to improve food security and increase farmer welfare. This research was conducted based on the survey method and Focus Group Discussion at five districts (Kendal, Boyolali, Tegal, Klaten, and Sragen) in Central Java. The result showed that global agreement obstructs the community-based seedling system, particularly in breeding and certification. A community-based rice seedling institution is threatening discontinued due to asymmetric interaction between the actors. Moreover, this seedling institution should be strengthening from the technological aspect and property right arrangements to achieve food security improvement. In the end, the government role as a facilitator is critical in this community-based seedling institution, especially in capital aspects. Keywords: food security, institutional, rice seed, based on community Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Cahyati Setiani)

22	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-105
Strengthening Competitiveness of Agricultural Products Through Reactivation of Agribusiness Sub-Terminal in Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan Iwan Setiajie Anugrah (a*) and Yovita Anggita Dewi (b) a) Pusat Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No 3B, Cimanggu, Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16114, Indonesia b) Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian, Jl. Tentara Pelajar 10, Cimanggu, Bogor, Jawa Barat, 16114, Indonesia Abstract The potential of small medium enterprises (SMEs) of agricultural product in Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan is enormous. One of the opportunities to support the marketing of agricultural products produced by SMEs is through reactivation of the Agribusiness Sub-Terminal (AST) institutional which has been built for a long time but its activities have not been optimal. This paper aims to analyze the institutional function of AST in supporting the empowerment of SMEs agricultural products, especially in expanding product marketing, so that it becomes a brand image for local products in specific areas of Pulang Pisau and Central Kalimantan. The research was conducted in 2015 in Pulang Pisau District, Central Kalimantan Province. The location and the respondents were determined purposively. The data collection method was carried out by structured and unstructured interviews, direct discussions and Forum Group Discussion (FGD) with various stakeholders. The data were analysed descriptively. The results of the analysis showed that the ATS concept is very strategic to be used as a centralized facility, as an entrance and center for product information, marketing media of SMEs products and mapping of SMEs activity clusters. The synergy of the roles and policies of local governments as well as the active role of stakeholders is required to encourage the existence of AST, so agricultural products become better known, have a wider consumer market, absorb agricultural production, and robust the local economy. Keywords: agricultural products, agribusiness-sub terminal, reactivation, competitiveness Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iwan Setiajie Anugrah)

23	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-139
ADAPTATION TEST OF OFF-SEASON SHALLOTS VARIETIES AS EFFORTS TO INCREASE PRODUCTION Wahid (a*), Edwen Waas (a), Risma Fira Sunet (a), Agung Budi Santoso (b), Ismatul Hidayah (c) a Institute for Agricultural Technology Maluku. Jl. Chr Soplanit. Rumah Tiga Ambon b Institute for Agricultural Technology Sumatra Utara Medan c Institute for Agricultural Technology Banten Abstract Red onion price fluctuations can be overcome by planting shallots outside the season. However, off-season cropping patterns are constrained by the most common technical problems, including the use of low quality seeds, pest attacks, and cultivation techniques. The research was conducted in Oli Village, Salahutu District, Central Maluku Regency in May - July 2018, carried out when the rainfall was high. All treatments use shade to reduce the impact of rainfall. Determination of the time of the study was carried out with the consideration to determine the level of resistance of shallots to conditions of high rainfall (outside the season). This study used a factorial randomized block design with two factors, namely variatas (Bauji, Trisula and Bima Brebes) and spacing (15 x 15 and 20 x 15 cm). Parameters observed included plant height, number of tillers, and number of leaves observed at the age of 14, 28, 42, and 62 days after planting, number of tubers, weight of wet tubers, weight of dry tubers, and yield of crop plots which were converted to hectares after drying. . Data analysis used statistical methods, consisting of analysis of variance / ANOVA (F-test) to determine the effect of treatment and t-test (DMRT) to see the effect between treatments tested using the Gomez and Gomez procedures. The results showed that the package of Bima Brebes variety with a spacing of 20 x 15 was 20 percent higher than the existing technology package. Keywords: Variety Test, Spacing, Off-season Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wahid Wahid)

24	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-170
Rules, reciprocity and livelihood outcome: A case of nomadic duck herder in South Sulawesi Darmawan Salman (a*), Kasmiyati Kasim (b), Asmita Ahmad (c) a) Department of Social Economic, Agricultural Faculty, Hasanuddin University, 90245 Makassar, Indonesia *darsalman1963[at]gmail.com b) Department of Social Economic, Animal Husbandry Faculty, Hasanuddin University, 90245 Makassar, Indonesia c) Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, 90245 Makassar, Indonesia Abstract Nomadic duck herders in South Sulawesi have contributed to its development of agriculture that integrates lowland rice and duck livestock. In this integration, ducks contribute to soil fertility through their feces and help control pests because they eat snails and grass pests. On the nomadic duck herder side, this activity is a source of income, the sustainability of which depends on the relationship with the rice field owners, including several rules that apply between them. This study aims to analyze the role of compliance with norms and reciprocity relationships in creating livelihood outcomes. The method used is grounded theory research. Data is collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed through open, axial, and selective coding. It concluded that compliance with the rules in determining grazing land, schedule for the exit and entry of ducks in rice fields, and good relations between duck herders and local people supported livelihood activities. Also, the reciprocal relationship between duck herder and rice field owner is a factor that influences the livelihood outcome obtained by duck herder. Keywords: duck, rice fields, livelihood, sustainability Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Darmawan Salman)

25	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-177
Physiological responses of growth and production of baby corn (Zea mays Saccharata L.) due to application of agricultural waste based compost and NPK fertilizer Syamsir Pante Sukun, Amir Yassi, Muh. Farid, and Ifayanti Ridwan Master Student, Agrotechnology, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia Abstract A trial was conducted to study the physiological responses of baby corn to changes in soil fertility by application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The research was conducted at the Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin from May to August 2020. The experiment was arranged based on a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors repeated 3 times. The first factor is the dosage of green compost consisted of four levels, namely 0, 3, 4, and 5 tons ha. The second factor was the percentage of NPK fertilization from the recommendations consisted of four levels, namely NPK 100persen, 75persen, 50persen, and 25persen. The results show that the treatment of 4 ton ha of green compost resulted in the highest absorption rate of CO2 (336.2) and the highest humidity level (68.8persen). 100persen NPK fertilizer treatment showed the highest CO2 absorption rate (338.1), the highest leaf photosynthesis rate (36.1). The treatment of 5 ton ha of green compost and 100persen NPK fertilizer resulted in the lowest transpiration rate (0.20 liters). The treatment of 3 ton ha green compost and 100persen NPK fertilizer resulted in earlier flowering age (46.3 days) and heaviest ear weight (63.67 g). The treatment of 5 ton ha green compost with 50persen NPK fertilizer resulted in the longest ear length with husk (21.72 cm). Treatment of 4 ton ha green compost with 100persen NPK fertilization resulted in the longest ear length without husk (10.52 cm). Keywords: Green Compost, NPK, Semi Corn (Zea mays. L) Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Syamsir Pante Sukun)

26	Agricultural Institutions Development	ABS-225
Farmer Institutional and Feasibility Study on Red Chili Pepper in Kepung District, Kediri Regency, East Java Province Rita Indrasti (a*), Siti Sehat Tan (a), Jefny B. Markus Rawung (b), Neng Risris Sudolar (c) a)Indonesian Center for Agricultural Technology Assessment and Development, INDONESIA *ritaindrasti[at]yahoo.com b)North Sulawesi Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, INDONESIA c)Jakarta Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, INDONESIA Abstract The assessment was carried out in Kepung District, Kediri Regency, East Java Province. The study was aimed to determine the performance of farmers and the feasibility of red chili farming. The study was conducted within June to October 2016. Either the primary and secondary data were collected. As much as 25 respondents have been chosen randomly. The paper presents the feasibility of red chili pepper farming and the farmer institutional performance thoroughly, including the institutional development in Farmer Groups Association (Gapoktan) Keywords: farmer institutional, farming business, feasibility, red chili pepper Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rita Indrasti Indrasti)

27	Biodiversity and Climate Change	ABS-258
Development of Bulu Sipong Park (PT Semen Tonasa) to support the preservation of the diversity of ecosystem karst Fajri Ansari (a*), Retno Prayudyaningsih (a) Albert Donatus Mangopang (a) a) Environment and Forestry Research and Development Institute of Makassar *) averhoa[at]gmail.com Jalan Perintis Kemerdekaan km. 16, 5 Makassar 90243, Indonesia Abstract Mining is an activity that causes biodiversity degradation. One type of open-pit mining that affects the environment is limestone mining which is carried out in karst areas. Karts is one of the ecosystems whose area is limited but has a high level of endemic biodiversity. Therefore, conservation efforts in the form of in situ conservation are not sufficient, it is necessary to pursue ex-situ conservation as well. To support the preservation of biodiversity in the karst area, PT Semen Tonasa is working to build a Bulu Sipong park. Bulu Sipong is a karst hill that is part of the proposed biodiversity park along with ex-clay mining areas. Therefore, management is needed basic data of biodiversity that occurred at Bulu Sipong park. This data is important to be used in preparing plans for the enrichment of biodiversity in the area. Vegetation observation was carried out using a square plot. Data were analyzed by calculating the dominance, density, frequency, and important value index. Furthermore, an analysis of the conservation status and endemicity of vegetation was carried out. The results showed that the diversity index of Bulu Sipong park was still moderate. Therefore, this paper discusses recommendations for managing the Bulu Sipong Park. Keywords: biodiversity, mining, karst, ex-situ Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fajri Ansari)

28	Biodiversity and Climate Change	ABS-259
Bird Diversity and Structure in Different Landcover in Mining Concession Andi Siady Hamzah (a*), Siti Halimah Larekeng (a), Nasri (a), Munajat Nursaputra (a), Andi Subhan Mustari (b), Abdur Rahman Arif (c), Aris Prio Ambodo (d), Yohan Lawang (d), Andri Ardiansyah (d) a) Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia *siadyhamzah[at]unhas.ac.id b)Faculty of Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia c) Faculty of Math and Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia d) PT Vale Indonesia Tbk, Sorowako, East Luwu 92983, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Abstract Birds are important for the ecosystem by providing various ecological service. The diversity and the structure of the birds in different landcover were investigated in mining concession of PT. Vale Indonesia. Using the point count and line transect method, we conducted a study of diversity, structure and the distribution of birds in four different landcover: i) High-Density Forest- ii) Moderate Density Forest- iii) Low-Density Forest- iv) Shrubs. Data were collected from February to March 2020. Fortynine species of 29 families were recorded. Among all we found 14 endemic species of Sulawesi, 2 species are near-threatened species and 1 species is vurnarable species. The species composition in Moderate Density Forest was more similar to High-Density Forest than to shrubs. The availability of food resources and the characteristic of the vegetation may be vital to the diversity of birds in every habitat. Therefore, this study indicates that land-cover change and modification may affect bird diversity structure, and the maintenance of the vegetation as food resource and as habitat is essential for bird conservation. On the other hand, the diversity of the bird can help the succesion of the forest and support the revegetation program in mining area. Keywords: Bird diversity, Landcover, Conservation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andi Siady Hamzah)

29	Biodiversity and Climate Change	ABS-8
Different water content and soil amendment effect on water use efficiency in maize growth Burhanuddin Rasyid, Christanto Lopulisa, Hazairin Subair, and Masria Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University Abstract Soil-water interactions and its management is a serious issue in water availability for plant cultivation, especially in the water-scarce area. The objective of this study is to determine the water use efficiency of maize which is cultivated in vertisol soil with different water content and soil amendment application. The experiment was designed in four-level water content of field capacity (FC) vis., 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%., and three treatments of soil amendment (control, biochar, and zeolite addition). Data was collected in terms of water content dynamics (water use efficiency, crop water consumption), and dry matter weight. Results found that biochar application had a significant effect on all parameters evaluated compare to control and zeolite. In the combination with treatments, there is no significant effect of soil amendment and control with 70% and 80% FC treatments to plant dry weight. The various value was also observed in crop water consumption with a significant effect in soil amendment on 100% and 70% FC, conversely, there is a no different effect in 80% and 90% FC. Water use efficiency was affected by the soil amendment but it showed differences in treatment of water content level. All results of this study, therefore, concluded that soil amendment and water content management need to be combined in support plant growth in the area with water scarcity become the limiting factor. Keywords: Water content, soil amendment, water use efficiency, biochar Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Burhanuddin Rasyid)

30	Biodiversity and Climate Change	ABS-21
DIVERSITY OF NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA WITH ORGANIC FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS IN PADDY SOIL Hadija1Tutik Kuswinanti2 Muh. Jayadi2, Siti Halima Larekeng2 1Agricultural Science, Postgraduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia. 2Metagenomic Microbial Research group, Faculty Agricultural Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia. Abstract KNitrogen-fixing bacteria are free livings bacteria and play a role in providing nitrogen in the soil. The high organic matter content allows soil microbial activity to recycle organic matter which is essential for life such as the nitrogen cycle. This study aims to isolate and characterize nitrogen-fixing bacteria in paddy soil using organic fertilization applications. This research was conducted in the Village of Salassae Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, the Microbiology Laboratory of the Soil Science Department. This research method is descriptive research. This study succeeded in obtaining 10 isolates. The character of the bacterial colonies showed a high enough diversity among the selected isolates from the hole of the colony. The highest ability to fix nitrogen was obtained in isolates. L.P, where the highest nitrogen-fixing ability was 0.26%, where the selected isolate would then be continued for molecular identification. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing were carried out to determine taxonomic strains, L.P isolates could be identified with certainty with 99% similarity as Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168. Keywords: Diversity, Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Paddy Soil Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (hadija hadija)

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