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91	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-196
Comparative Evaluation of Deep Learning-Based Seismic Signal Denoising on an Edge Computing Platform Muhammad Azhar Raihan (1a), Ahmad Kadarisman (1,2) Djati Handoko (1), Martarizal (1,b*) 1 Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia 2 Direktorat Instrumentasi dan Kalibrasi, BMKG, Jl. Angkasa I/2 Kemayoran - Jakarta, Indonesia Email: a) muhammad.azhar51[at]ui.ac.id, b)martarizal[at]sci.ui.ac.id* *Corresponding Author Email: martarizal[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract Urban earthquake monitoring is critically hindered by anthropogenic noise that spectrally overlaps with seismic signals, rendering conventional filtering methods insufficient. This study evaluates two deep-learning-based denoising methods, UrbanDenoiser and U-Net to identify the most effective approach for cleaning noisy seismic signals from two distinct stations in Indonesia while enabling on-site implementation on a low-power edge computing platform. UrbanDenoiser was trained on data from station TNGI and U-Net on data from station BKJI, after which both models were cross-evaluated on each other^s station data to assess generalization capability across different noise environments. Both models were compiled into Hailo Executable Format (HEF) and deployed on a Raspberry Pi 5 equipped with the Hailo-8L AI accelerator (13 TOPS) for real-time inference. Evaluation of UrbanDenoiser across 60,473 inference windows from station TNGI yielded a Pearson correlation of r = 0.9759 and an SNR of 6.89 dB, with a 5.00% anomaly rate at the 95th-percentile threshold, indicating strong denoising performance across low-to-moderate urban noise conditions (input SNR range: 3.7-11.4 dB). Initial results demonstrate that the Raspberry Pi 5 + Hailo-8L platform is capable of running real-time seismic denoising inference, validating its feasibility as an on-site solution for urban seismic monitoring networks in Indonesia. Keywords: Seismic denoising, UrbanDenoiser, U-Net, Raspberry Pi 5, Hailo-8L, cross-station evaluation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Azhar Raihan)

92	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-205
Risk-Robust Incentive Mechanism for Disaster Response: A Stochastic Simulation Based on Expected Utility Theory and Multi-Dimensional Risk Vivian Karim Ladesi1 , Dedi Purwana2, Herlitah Herlitah3, Rajendran Narayanasamy4, and Sonia Knerbachi5 1 Department of Port Management and Maritime Logistics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Postgraduate Program, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 3 Department of Economic Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia 4 Senior Lecturer at Malaysia University of Science and Technology, Malaysia 5 Researcher at the University of Bejaia, Algeria Abstract Humanitarian logistics in archipelagic countries such as Indonesia face complex, multi-dimensional risks, including operational disruptions, coordination failures, and reputational challenges. This study develops a risk-robust incentive mechanism for disaster response using expected utility theory with risk premium adjustments. A principal-agent model is formulated in which the disaster management agency (BNPB) designs incentive contracts for humanitarian actors, such as NGOs and logistics providers, who hold private information regarding their capacity and effort. The model incorporates multi-dimensional risks into both the principal^s social welfare function and the agents^ utility functions, including empirically derived risk aversion parameters. Monte Carlo simulation is applied to 10,000 hypothetical disaster scenarios with varying risk conditions to illustrate the mechanism^s application. The study emphasizes theoretical and methodological contributions rather than numerical outcomes. Results indicate that the proposed mechanism improves fulfillment rates and reduces response time compared to risk-neutral approaches, particularly under high uncertainty. Sensitivity analysis further shows that accounting for correlated risks and ambiguity aversion enhances robustness. These findings offer practical insights for designing incentive-aligned and risk-aware humanitarian logistics systems in disaster-prone regions. Keywords: Humanitarian logistics Disaster response Incentive mechanism Risk-robust design Expected utility theory Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (VIVIAN KARIM LADESI)

93	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-210
Context-Aware Feature Importance and Rule Filtering for Predicting Power Consumption and SNN Accuracy in Nano-Structured Metal Oxide Thin-Film Transistor Devices Vita Efelina1,2, Endah Purwanti3, Chaerur Rozikin4, Riza Ibnu Adam4* 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Telukjambe Timur, Karawang 41361, Indonesia 2Doctoral Program in Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Telukjambe Timur, Karawang 41361, Indonesia 4Department of Informatics, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang, Telukjambe Timur, Karawang 41361, Indonesia Abstract Nanostructured metal oxide thin-film transistor (TFT) circuits are promising electronic devices for low-power neuromorphic hardware because they can enable efficient spike-based computation and stable operation of spiking neural networks (SNNs). However, TFT datasets often contain many heterogeneous features, which can increase model complexity and reduce interpretability. This study aims to develop predictive models for power consumption and SNN accuracy on TFT devices using context-aware feature importance and rule filtering. This research was conducted in three stages. First, a baseline model was developed using Random Forest, XGBoost, Gradient Boosting, Support Vector Regression, and K Nearest Neighbor Regression, and evaluated using MAE, RMSE, R2, and computation time. Second, context-aware feature importance was used to identify the dominant features for SNN power consumption and accuracy, as well as their joint contributions to both targets. Third, the selected features were used for rule filtering and remodeling to obtain a more concise and interpretable model. The results show that Random Forest provides the most stable performance, achieving the lowest RMSE for power consumption of 2.8741 and the best baseline performance for SNN accuracy with MAE of 6.8251 and RMSE of 8.0850. The analysis identifies cycles to failure, mobility, gate length, annealing temperature, temperature stability, and nanostructure size as influential parameters. These findings suggest that context-sensitive feature importance and rule filtering can support efficient and easily interpretable TFT design analysis for low-power neuromorphic computing applications. Keywords: thin film transistor, power consumption, SNN accuracy, context aware feature importance, rule filtering. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Vita Efelina)

94	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-218
Inductive Electromagnetic Signature Analysis for Vehicle Characterization in Embedded Weigh-In-Motion Applications Langgeng Asmoro(1,3,*) , siti shofiah(3), Mitra Djamal(1) , Rudy Hermawan Karsaman(2), Maria Evita (1) 1 Electronics and Instrumentations Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2 Transport Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 3 Departement of Automotive Engineering Technology, Politeknik Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan, Tegal, Indonesia *langgeng.as[at]gmail.com Abstract This study presents an embedded Weigh-In-Motion (WIM) framework based on inductive electromagnetic signature analysis for dynamic vehicle characterization under real traffic conditions. Unlike conventional inductive loop systems that are primarily used for vehicle presence detection, the proposed method utilizes temporal inductive waveforms generated by moving vehicles as electromagnetic signatures for vehicle profiling and validation. An embedded sensing platform consisting of a rectangular inductive loop sensor, LDC1612 inductance acquisition module, and ESP32-based real-time processing unit was developed to capture high-resolution vehicle magnetic profiles during vehicle motion. Experimental data were collected from multiple vehicle categories, including motorcycles, passenger cars, pickup vehicles, and medium trucks, under various motion conditions. The acquired waveform dataset revealed distinct signature characteristics for different vehicle types in terms of amplitude variation, pulse duration, peak distribution, and signal transition patterns. Signal preprocessing and feature extraction were performed in both time and frequency domains using moving-average filtering and Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-based analysis to improve waveform stability and feature consistency. The experimental results demonstrate that each vehicle category produces distinguishable electromagnetic signature patterns influenced by axle configuration, metallic body structure, vehicle dimensions, and dynamic motion behavior. Preliminary classification analysis showed that inductive signature features can effectively support vehicle characterization and anti-false-positive validation in embedded WIM applications. The proposed system provides a low-cost and lightweight alternative for intelligent roadside vehicle monitoring while extending the functionality of inductive loop sensors beyond conventional triggering mechanisms. This study establishes inductive electromagnetic signature profiling as a promising approach for next-generation intelligent transportation and embedded dynamic weighing systems. Keywords: Inductive loop sensor- electromagnetic signature- vehicle characterization- embedded WIM- vehicle magnetic profile- intelligent transportation systems- signal processing- vehicle classification Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (langgeng asmoro)

95	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-220
Development of a Biolectrical Impedance Analyzer Prototype for Body Fat Mass Assesment Umiatin1, Azzahra Khairunisa1, Taryudi2, Bedy Purnama3, Rista Putri Nur Ifa4, and Muhammad Abidin4 Zendi Iklima5,6 Riandini 7 1Physics Study Programme, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jakarta State University, Jakarta, Indonesia, 13220 2Electrical Engineering Department, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta State University, Jakarta, Indonesia, 13220 3Center of Excellence Artificial Intelligence for Learning and Optimization, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia, 40252 4Frenmed Inovasi Bangsa, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, 16414 5Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS 6Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana 7Electrical Engineering Department, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta (PNJ) Abstract Obesity is a medical condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat tissue. It is a risk factor for various diseases, including stroke, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and diabetes, which contribute to high mortality rates. Measurement of body fat mass is critical in assessing individual health risks. The Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) is widely used method for estimating body fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and body fat percentage (BF) by transmitting a low alternating electrical current at a specific frequency through the body and measuring the resulting voltage to determine body impedance. This impedance value is subsequently used to analyze body fat composition. The present study aims to develop a Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) prototype using the AD5933 module and an Arduino microcontroller. Frequency optimization (25 kHz, 50 kHz, and 100 kHz) as well as measurement method optimization (hand-to-hand, foot-to-foot, and hand-to-foot) were performed. The findings indicate that body fat percentage measurements using the hand-to-hand, foot-to-foot, and hand-to-foot methods at 50 kHz demonstrated greater stability compared to those obtained at 25 kHz and 100 kHz. Furthermore, at 50 kHz, the hand-to-hand method achieved an accuracy of 96.40%, the foot-to-foot method 97.71%, and the hand-to-foot method 97.96%. In conclusion, the development of a BIA prototype demonstrated that the hand-to-foot method at 50 kHz provided most optimal performance for body fat percentage measurement. Keywords: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, AD5933 Module, Body Fat Percentage, Frequency Optimization Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Umiatin Umiatin)

96	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-222
Optimizing Human-System Interaction in Sensor-Enabled IoT Healthcare Systems A Computational Perspective on Trust and Perceived Autonomy Sami ar razi , Jundi Agam Wahyudi, Andreas Wijaya BINUS University Abstract The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has accelerated the development of intelligent, sensor-enabled healthcare systems capable of improving healthcare accessibility, real-time monitoring, and computational service responsiveness. However, the effectiveness of IoT healthcare infrastructures depends not only on technological capability but also on sustained human-system interaction to ensure optimal system utilization. This study aims to examine the determinants of interaction efficiency in IoT-enabled healthcare systems by evaluating the roles of trust, perceived autonomy, and self-development within computational healthcare environments. A quantitative approach was employed using purposive sampling targeting Generation Z users due to their high adaptability toward digital healthcare interfaces and smart technologies. A total of 152 responses were collected and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the proposed interaction framework in intelligent healthcare systems. The findings indicate that trust significantly enhances both perceived autonomy and user interaction, suggesting that system reliability and technological credibility are critical for improving utilization effectiveness in sensor-enabled healthcare platforms. However, trust does not significantly influence self-development. Furthermore, perceived autonomy significantly mediates the relationship between trust and user interaction, whereas self-development does not function as a significant mediator. These findings highlight that sustainable interaction in computational healthcare systems is primarily influenced by reliability-driven trust and perceived user control. This study contributes to instrumentation and computational healthcare literature by providing insights into optimizing human-system interaction for intelligent IoT healthcare infrastructures. Keywords: Internet of Things (IoT), Intelligent Healthcare Systems, Computational Healthcare, Human-System Interaction, Sensor-Enabled Systems, Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andreas Wijaya)

97	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-237
Physics-aware vision instrumentation for stingless bee counting at hive entrance using hybrid edge-cloud object detection Mohd Amri Md Yunus, Lari Andres Sanjaya, Celestine Hiu Shun Yi, Shafishuhaza Sahlan, Agus Setyo Budi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia Abstract Stingless bee entrance monitoring requires a non-invasive tool to measure colony traffic without disrupting foraging. A hybrid edge-cloud object identification system and physics-aware vision instrumentation framework are used to track stingless bees in this paper. The system uses a Raspberry Pi 4 edge node, Sony IMX296 Global Shutter camera, You Only Look Once (YOLO)-based detection, and Observation-Centric Simple Online and Realtime Tracking (OC-SORT) tracking. Because entry activity implies foraging intensity, the traffic count can be a non-invasive proxy for colony health and yield. The edge-side YOLO11 and OC-SORT tracking pipeline found trajectory fragmentation during high-speed ingress. A frame interval of 0.0667 s was achieved using a 15 FPS edge processing rate. Inter-frame displacement may approach 0.333 m for bee motion exceeding 5 ms-1, producing missed detections and identity switching. Thus, a sampling-based tracking failure situation happens when a bee travels more than the tracker^s maximum association distance between two processed frames. This illustrates that frame rate, bee velocity, field-of-view scale, detector recall, tracker association tolerance, and biologically meaningful bee counting interpretation all affect bee tracking reliability. Keywords: Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lari Sanjaya)

98	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-242
Computer Vision-Based Smart Camera for Safety Helmet Detection in Work Areas Syufrijal Syufrijal, Heri Firmansyah, Christophorus MRC Yuda, and Chayapol Kamyod Universitas Negeri Jakarta, and Mae Fah Luang University Abstract The application of computer vision technology in automation systems plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency of occupational safety monitoring in industrial environments. This study developed a YOLOv8-based visual detection application in ONNX format to identify safety helmet violations in real-time. The system was developed using Python with a Tkinter-based user interface and integrated with a Flask web dashboard that displays violation log data. The application can accept video input from various sources, including webcams, USB cameras, and IP cameras, to classify the type of helmet being used. Only orange and white safety helmets are considered valid. Detecting a new helmet, a motorcycle helmet, or a helmet with an inappropriate colour will trigger an alarm and store the image as evidence of the violation. The YOLOv8 model was trained on a six-class dataset and demonstrated good performance, with a precision of 0.921, a recall of 0.859, an mAP50 value of 0.919, and an mAP50-95 value of 0.619. System evaluation demonstrated the application^s stability and accuracy in computer vision-based automated surveillance. Keywords: Computer Vision, Smart Camera, Safety Helmet, YOLOv8, Work Areas Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (syufrijal syufrijal)

99	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-243
Geometric Optimization of Eddy-Current Sensor Coils for Enhanced Sensitivity: A Computational and Experimental Approach Heri Firmansyah (1*), Widyaningrum Indrasari (2), Wahyu EW Ndari (2), and Lutvi Vitria Kadarwati (3) (1) Department of Automation Engineering Technology, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia *heri.firmansyah[at]unj.ac.id (2) Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta 13220, Indonesia (3) Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan Abstract Eddy Current Testing (ECT) is a common non-destructive method for detecting flaws in conductive materials such as aluminum and copper, and its detection sensitivity largely depends on the probe coil design. Past studies often lack systematic optimization, leading to suboptimal coils with high resistance and low inductance. This research optimizes transmitter and receiver coils in an ECT system through computational modeling and physical validation to enhance detection capabilities. A Python simulation evaluated key parameters-including the number of turns, coil length, radius, observation distance, and applied current-to compute the resulting magnetic fields and voltages. The computational model was then validated against physical measurements obtained with an LCR meter. The optimal transmitter has 300 turns over 10 layers, with diameters of 6 cm and 7.6 cm, an inductance of 2.59 mH, and a resistance of 1.1 ohm, producing the strongest magnetic field. The receiver uses a 490-turn coil (7.32 mH, 6.4 ohm) to maximize voltage, while a two-coil series reduces resistance to 4.7 ohm- and inductance to 2.5 mH for stability. This approach establishes a robust, optimized coil design framework, demonstrating that precise parameter adjustments significantly improve electromagnetic properties and overall signal stability in ECT sensing systems. Keywords: Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heri Firmansyah)

100	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-248
Multi-Window Feature Extraction for SVM-Based Electronic Nose Classification of Four Herbal Essential Oils Bambang Heru Iswanto, Fajar Hardoyono, Haris Suhenda, Mutia Delina Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jl. Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta 13120, Indonesia Abstract Rapid authentication of herbal essential oils requires sensor models that are accurate, fast, and chemically interpretable. This paper presents an electronic-nose workflow for four oils, namely red ginger, white turmeric, turmeric, and lemongrass, using multi-window feature extraction and support vector machines. Signals were collected from a ten-sensor metal-oxide-semiconductor array during a 10-70 s exposure period after baseline correction. Features were extracted from short, medium, and long windows corresponding to onset, peak development, and tail dynamics, then classified using radial-basis-function SVMs under nested cross-validation. GC-MS profiles were used as class-level chemical anchors rather than direct regression targets. Early windows already contained strong class information, especially for citral-rich lemongrass, whereas mid and late windows improved interpretation for slower terpene-rich oils. The compact window triad produced competitive macro-F1 performance while preserving an auditable link between sensor features and volatile kinetics. The workflow supports rapid screening of herbal essential oils with a parsimonious and chemically interpretable feature set. Keywords: Multi-Window Feature Extraction- SVM- Electronic Nose- Classification- Herbal Essential Oils Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bambang Heru Iswanto)

101	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-249
Design and Evaluation of a Sustainable Smart Library Ecosystem Using RFID and ESP32-Based IoT Integration Taryudi, Nur Hanifah Yuninda, Rizki Pratama Putra, Murti Kusuma Wirasti, Wan-Jung Chang, Nawanda Husna, Adinda Nur Azizah Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan Abstract The increasing demand for digital transformation in educational institutions has highlighted the limitations of conventional library management systems, which often rely on manual processes and lack real-time monitoring capabilities. Although RFID-based library systems have been widely implemented, many existing solutions provide limited cloud integration and scalability for sustainable educational environments. This study presents the design and evaluation of an IoT-enabled sustainable smart library ecosystem integrating RFID technology, an ESP32 microcontroller, and a Firebase cloud database. In the proposed architecture, RFID tags are attached to books for automatic identification, while the ESP32 functions as an IoT gateway that transmits transaction data in real time to the cloud. A web-based management platform enables librarians to monitor book circulation, manage inventories, and access transaction records remotely. The system was evaluated through functional and performance testing, including tag detection accuracy, transaction processing time, and system responsiveness. Experimental results demonstrate reliable operation with high identification accuracy and significant improvements in transaction efficiency, reducing processing time by up to 70% compared with conventional manual procedures. The proposed solution provides a low-cost, scalable, and sustainable framework for modern library management while supporting digital transformation in educational institutions. Furthermore, the system contributes to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 by enhancing access to educational resources and SDG 9 through the adoption of IoT and cloud-based technologies in library services. Keywords: Digital Library, RFID, ESP32, Firebase, Internet of Things, Cloud Computing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Taryudi .)

102	Instrumentation and Computational Physics	ABS-250
An Automated Pipeline for Extracting and Annotating Non-Standard Linguistic Data from Large-Scale Digital Text Corpora: A Digital Lexicographical System Architecture Tri Edliani Lestari, Miftahulkhairah Anwar and Prihantoro 1 German Language Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia 2 Pascasarjana, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia 3English Language and Literature Study Program, Universitas Negeri Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract The speed at which digital communications evolve creates expression types such as slang and codes that existing lexicons cannot capture. This research is the first to describe the elements of a fully automated system to extract, process, and ^read^ social media data to uncover non-standard lexicon data to create a German-Indonesian slang dictionary. Data were collected through Apify, a digital scraping tool, from four types of social media: Threads, Instagram, TikTok, and X (the new name for Twitter), to create a multilingual text data set. Data were organized in Sketch Engine to build a corpus and used for analysis to capture frequent slang in both languages. The automated design proposes lexicography as a repeatable process by integrating the collection of social media data, language detection, adjustment of data capture to remove duplicates, and semi-automated process of tagging data. It is shown the design adequately captures modern, platform-specific illustrations and examples of slang not found in existing bilingual dictionaries. The methodology of corpus construction and data analysis supports the design of scalable, transparent, and repeatable processes. This research design builds lexicography to be an automated, scalable, repeatable, and robust discipline in capturing modern multilingual social media. Keywords: digital lexicography- slang dictionary- corpus linguistics- social media corpus- German-Indonesian- Sketch Engine- automated pipeline- non-standard language Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tri Edliani Lestari)

103	Material Physics	ABS-2
Glucose Detection Using 4-mercaptophenyl boronic acid (4-MPBA)-immobilized-Surface-Exposed Nanoparticle Sheets (SENS) as a Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) substrate Aldo Novaznursyah Costrada, Nina Siti Aminah, Dessy Natalia, Mitra Djamal, and Steven Bell Universitas Andalas ITB Queen^s University Belfast Abstract Glucose detection using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is currently attracting significant attention and posing challenges due to small glucose Raman scattering cross-section. In this work, SERS substrates were fabricated using a self-assembly technique involving gold nanoparticles synthesized in an oil-water phase with the aid of a promoter known as Metal Liquid-Like Films (MeLLFs). This technique produces SERS substrates known as Surface-Exposed Nanoparticle Sheets (SENS). Characterization of SENS was performed using Crystal Violet (CV) with a detection limit of up to ~10-6 M. A monolayer of 4-mercaptophenyl boronic acid (4-MPBA), as Raman probe, self-assembled on the SENS surface through covalent interactions between its thiol groups and the SENS surface. This interaction resulted in a functionalized SERS substrate for glucose detection. The specific binding of glucose at a concentration of 10 mM with the boronic acid in 4-MPBA at pH 7.4 significantly affects the Raman signal on the SERS at a Raman shift of 1562 cm-1, which is the C-C stretching vibration mode with a shoulder at 1583 cm-1. These results indicate that glucose can be detected using a SERS substrate in the form of SENS from gold nanoparticles whose surfaces are functionalized with 4-MPBA. Keywords: Glucose, SERS, SENS, 4-MPBA Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aldo Novaznursyah Costrada)

104	Material Physics	ABS-7
Current Densities Increment Effect during Electrodeposition on Thickness, Surface Morphology, Corrosion, and Hardness Ahmad Lubi1*, Rani Anggrainy1, Ferry Budhi Susetyo1, Danar Hari Krisyono1, Reza Febriano Armas1, Muhammad Fatihuddin1, Muhammad Thoriqi Alfi1, Putri Nurhaliza1, Cahaya Rosyidan2, Basori3 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia Abstract This study aims to investigate various current density effects on thickness, morphology, corrosion, and hardness during electroplating. A scanning electron microscope, a potentiostat, and a Vickers hardness apparatus were used to study surface morphology, electrochemical behaviour, and average hardness, respectively. The deposition rate was also measured as supplementary data. Increased current densities lead to an increased deposition rate, film thickness, and mean grain size of Cu films. It is clearly seen that the sample was made from the highest current density, leading to the resulting lowest corrosion rate, probably due to the largest grain size. Moreover, increasing the current density increases the Cu films^ thickness- therefore, the hardness of the Cu films is linearly proportional to the current density. The Cu-3 sample has higher hardness and better corrosion resistance due to having the highest thickness and a broader grain size. Keywords: thickness, morphology, corrosion, hardness Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Fatihuddin)

105	Material Physics	ABS-9
Centrifugal casting rotation speed effect on crystallographic orientation, microstructure, and hardness properties of the aluminum alloy Ahmad Lubi (a*), Syamsuir (a), Reza Febriano Armas (a), Muhammad Fatihuddin (a), Danar Hari Krisyono (a), Sigit Dwi Yudanto (b), Muhammad Yunan Hasbi (b), Basori (c), Muhd Ridzuan Mansor (d), (e) (a) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia (b) Research Center for Metallurgy - National Research and Innovation Agency, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia (c) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Nasional, Jakarta, Indonesia (d)Faculty of Technology Mechanical and Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia (e) Centre for Advanced Research on Energy, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia Abstract Aluminum alloy is classified as a light-weight material and is widely used in automotive components due to its easy formability. Besides that, casting an aluminum alloy does not require a higher melting temperature. In the present study, various rotational speeds (75, 150, and 225 rpm) were used to produce cast aluminum Alloy using a centrifugal casting apparatus. Several investigations on the cast aluminum alloy were conducted, including crystallographic orientation, microstructure, and hardness. Increased rotation, leading to a variation in crystallite size, ranges from 30 to 43 nm. As a result, influenced the hardness of the various samples. Increasing the rotational speed to 225 rpm results in a fine microstructure. The sample with the highest mold rotation during fabrication has the highest hardness, around 113.60 HV, due to the smallest crystallite size and finer grain. Keywords: light-weight- Al alloy- rotation- properties. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Reza Febriano Armas)

106	Material Physics	ABS-10
Performance Optimization of Biomass-Derived EDLC Using KOH-Activated Salak Peel Carbon Aprillia Dwi Ardianti, Aminatun, Herri Trilaksana Airlangga University Abstract The growing demand for sustainable energy storage systems has accelerated the development of biomass derived carbon materials as eco friendly alternatives for supercapacitor electrodes. This study explores salak peel waste as a novel precursor for activated carbon and establishes a clear relationship between carbonization temperature, pore structure, and electrochemical performance in electric double layer capacitor systems. Activated carbon was synthesized via KOH activation followed by carbonization at 500 C, 600 C, and 700 C. Structural and electrochemical properties were evaluated using SEM, XRD, and electrochemical measurements. The results demonstrate that increasing carbonization temperature significantly enhances pore development and charge storage capability. The sample prepared at 700 C achieved optimal performance with porosity of 57.1 percent, pore volume of 48.51 x 10 3 cm3 per g, and capacitance of 198.04 uF. SEM images reveal a well distributed porous network, while XRD confirms a predominantly amorphous carbon structure with improved ordering. In addition, self discharge analysis indicates enhanced charge retention with a minimum voltage decay of 0.47 V. These findings highlight the critical role of thermal treatment in tailoring electrochemically active surfaces and optimizing ion transport pathways. The strong structure property correlation demonstrated in this study provides a scientific basis for designing high performance biomass based electrodes. This work positions salak peel waste as a sustainable and efficient carbon source and contributes to the advancement of green supercapacitor technologies through scalable and environmentally responsible material design. Keywords: Biomass-derived carbon, Electric double-layer capacitor, Activated carbon, Salak peel waste, Sustainable energy storage Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aprillia Dwi Ardianti)

107	Material Physics	ABS-12
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyester/Coconut Fiber Composites Rani Anggrainy(1*), Sugeng Priyanto (1), Eko Arif Syaefudin (1), Syaripuddin (1), Jan Setiawan (2)(3), Reza Febriano Armas (1), Januar Parlaungan Siregar(4) 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia. *co-author: rani_anggrainy[at]unj.ac.id 2. Research Center for Fuel Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15310, Indonesia. 3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Pamulang University, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15310, Indonesia 4. Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology (FTKMA), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, 26600 Pekan, Malaysia Abstract Keywords: Automated Compaction, Eco-friendly, IR Spectrum, Morphology, SDG^s 12. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rani Anggrainy)

108	Material Physics	ABS-18
Optimization of Lithium Excess in NMC 811 (LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2) Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Battery Applications Yunita Sari1, Bagus Anggraini1, Akhmad Saufan1, Muhammad Fatihuddin1, Reza Febriano Armas1, Evvy Kartini1,2, and Muhammad Fakhrudin1,2 1Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, Indonesia 2National Battery Research Institute (NBRI), Technology Business Zone BRIN Puspitek Area, Bogor West Java, Indonesia 3Nano Material Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia Abstract The rapid expansion of electric vehicles has intensified the demand for lithium-ion batteries with high energy performance and long-term durability. Among layered oxide cathodes, NMC 111 (LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2) remains a promising material because it offers a balanced combination of energy density, operational stability, and cost efficiency. However, repeated charge and discharge cycling can induce structural degradation, capacity fading, and reduced service life. Therefore, precise material engineering is required to improve the structural reliability and electrochemical stability of NMC 111 cathodes. This study aims to optimize the addition of excess lithium using LiOH in NMC 111 cathode materials as a strategy to enhance crystal structural stability, electrochemical performance, and battery cycle life. NMC 111 materials with different excess lithium contents will be synthesized through a coprecipitation method, followed by controlled calcination. The structural properties of the synthesized materials will be examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while particle morphology and size distribution will be evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical performance will be assessed through galvanostatic charge and discharge (GCD) testing to determine specific capacity, cycling stability, and Coulombic efficiency. By correlating excess lithium content with structural, morphological, and electrochemical characteristics, this study is expected to identify an optimal lithium excess level that improves the durability and performance of NMC 111 cathodes for lithium-ion battery applications. Keywords: NMC 811, excess lithium, coprecipitation, cathode material, lithium-ion battery Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bagus Anggraini)

109	Material Physics	ABS-21
Thermal Characterization of Beeswax Based Phase Change Material Composite with 9 wt % TiO2 additive Ratni Sirait (a), Syahrul Humaidi (b*), Erna Frida (b), Anggito P. Tetuko (c*), Amdy Fachredzy (c), Muhammad A.H. Nabawi (c), Wiwiek Utami Dewi (d) Rizky Sutrisna (d) a) Postgraduate Program Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl Bioteknologi I Kampus USU, Medan, 20155, Indonesia b) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi I Kampus USU, Medan, 20155, Indonesia *syahrul1[at]usu.ac.id c) Research Center for Energy Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Tangerang Selatan, 15314, Banten, Indonesia *angg005[at]brin.go.id d) Research Center for Rocket Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Rumpin, Kabupaten Bogor, 16350, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Abstract Beeswax is a phase change material (PCM) derived from renewable source. It is process good chemical stability and a high latent heat storage capacity, making it a promising candidate for low temperature thermal energy storage and passive thermal management applications. However, the relatively low thermal conductivity of beeswax limits its heat absorption and release rates. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the thermal characteristics of a beeswax based PCM composites with 9 wt % TiO2 added. The beeswax/TiO2 composite was prepared using the melt blending method, followed by ultrasonication to improve particle dispersion. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results indicated that the latent heat of beeswax decreased slightly from 152.44 J/g to 149.19 J/g after the addition of 9 wt % TiO2, representing a decrease of 2.13 %. This decrease indicates that the beeswax/TiO2 composite is still capable of maintaining its performance as a thermal energy storage material. Thermogravimetric analysis/derivative thermogravity (TGA/DTG) revealed an increase in thermal stability, as evidenced by an increase in the peak degradation temperature from 406.34 Celcius to 414.38 Celcius. In addition, the thermal conductivity increased from 0.3755 W/mK to 0.4288 W/mK after the addition of TiO2. The experimental results agreed well with the Maxwell Garnett model prediction of 0.3999 W/mK. This indicates that the addition of 9 wt % TiO2 effectively enhances heat transfer through the formation of conductive pathways while maintaining a high latent heat storage capacity, thereby potentially improving the thermal performance in thermal management applications as a passive cooling system. Keywords: Phase Change Material- Beeswax- TiO2- Thermal properties- Model Maxwell Garnett Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ratni Sirait)

110	Material Physics	ABS-31
Characteristics of Activated Carbon Made from Alaban Wood (Vitex pubescens Vahl) to Reduce Fe Levels in Peat Water Ninis Hadi Haryanti1*, Suryajaya1, Tetti Novalina Manik1, Maya Safitri1, M. Luthfi Mahfuzh1 Department of Physics Universitas Lambung Mangkurat (ULM) Banjarmasin, Indonesia Abstract Alaban wood biomass waste (Vitex pubescens Vahl) has been utilized as a material for making activated carbon. Alaban wood waste was obtained from Ranggang Village, South Kalimantan. This study used an experimental method with carbon particle sizes of 60 mesh and 120 mesh. Chemical activation was carried out with 1 M H3PO4 and 1 M NaCl activators, followed by physical activation at 900 C for 1 hour and 2 hours, respectively. This study aims to evaluate the performance of activated carbon made from alaban wood biomass waste (Vitex pubescens Vahl) to reduce Fe levels in peat water. The results showed that based on EDX analysis, there was a significant increase in the average carbon content from before carbonization to the final activation results, namely from 45.32% to 83.89% at a particle size of 60 mesh, while at a particle size of 120 mesh from 70.71% to 83.92%. Adsorption tests showed that activation using H&#8323-PO&#8324- for 2 hours resulted in the highest Fe reduction efficiency, reaching 6.98% and an adsorption capacity of 0.25 mg/g. These results indicate that alaban wood biomass activated carbon has the potential to be an environmentally friendly adsorbent for peat water, although its efficiency still needs to be further improved. Keywords: Activated Carbon, Alaban Wood, H3PO4 and NaCl Activators, Particle Size 60 and 120 mesh, Adsorption Capacity. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ninis Hadi Haryanti)

111	Material Physics	ABS-38
Isotherm and kinetic adsorption analysis of molecularly imprinted polymers as a selective material for formalin adsorption Meyliana Wulandari, Syabina Khaila Aliffa, Andreas, Nofrizal Nofrizal, Budi Arifin, Ria Sri Rahayu, Pandian Bothi Raja 1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University (UIN) Syarif Hidyatullah Jakarta, Ciputat, Banten 15412, Indonesia 3 Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, South Tangerang, Indonesia, 15314, Indonesia 4 Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources - Lemigas, Jl. Ciledug Raya Kavling. 109, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia 5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, 16680 Indonesia 6Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 7 School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, 11800, Penang, Malaysia Abstract Isotherm and kinetic studies establish the mathematical and physical basis for assessing a material^s maximum adsorption capacity and adsorption rate, which are critical determinants of sensor sensitivity and real-time response. The present study examines the isotherm and kinetic sorption behavior of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) designed for the detection of formaldehyde. MIPs were synthesized from silica, formalin, acrylamide, acetonitrile, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). Adsorption experiments used formalin concentrations ranging from 0 to 50 ppm and contact times from 0 to 180 minutes. Kinetic modeling included zero-, first-, second-, pseudo-first-, and pseudo-second-order models. Measurements were made using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 549 nm. Results demonstrate that formalin adsorption onto MIPs conforms to the pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.9496- K2 = 0.5751), indicating that the adsorption rate depends on formalin concentration and likely involves chemical interactions. Isotherm analysis reveals that the Freundlich model (R2 = 0.9902) provides a better fit than the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.7184). This outcome suggests that formalin adsorption occurs on a heterogeneous surface with monolayer coverage, involving both specific imprinted and non-specific sites formed during polymerization. The Freundlich constant (KF) was calculated as 0.3368 mg/g, reflecting the material^s adsorption capacity. Although MIPs display relatively low adsorption capacity for formalin, they offer selective adsorption at both specific and non-specific sites. Keywords: isotherm adsorption, kinetic adsorption, molecularly imprinted polymers Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Meyliana Wulandari)

112	Material Physics	ABS-43
Investigating the Influence of Superplasticizer and Umbrella Grass (Cyperus alternifolius) Fiber on the Fresh and Hardened Properties of 3D-Printable Mortar Benedictus Sonny Yoedono (a*), Dionysius Joseph Djoko Herry Santjojo (b), Istiroyah (b), Masruroh (b) a) Doctoral Program in the Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia *sonny_yoedono[at]student.ub.ac.id b) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Abstract Three-dimensional printable concrete (3DPC) is a revolutionary digital construction technology that enables complex geometries to be fabricated without formwork in an automated process. This significantly reduces labor, material waste, and construction time while further enhancing precision and sustainability [1, 2]. Among the key challenges in 3DPC is balancing rheological parameters: flowability, extrudability, and buildability for achieving an optimum between print quality and structural integrity [3]. The addition of various synthetic and natural fibers to concrete improves its tensile strength, flexural strength, and durability. Moreover, incorporating fibers helps reduce shrinkage cracking in concrete [4]. Among the numerous natural fibers, umbrella grass (Cyperus alternifolius) fiber displays a promising profile considering renewability, low cost, and high cellulose content that enhances fiber-matrix bonding, thus potentially enhancing post-cracking performance. The potential of using umbrella grass fiber in 3D printable mortar has rarely been explored. This paper therefore discusses the influence of superplasticizer dosage and umbrella grass fiber content on fresh and hardened properties in 3D printing mortar. The targeted properties - flowability and compressive strength - were tested at four levels of SP (0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45) combined with four levels of fiber content (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5). The combined influence of superplasticizer (SP) and umbrella grass fiber plays a critical role in governing the flowability and compressive performance of 3D-printable mortar. An optimal balance is achieved with an SP dosage of 0.15 and fiber content of 0.1-0.3%, yielding a flowability of 65-75% and a compressive strength of approximately 38 MPa-conditions that support both smooth extrusion and adequate structural capacity. The relationship between flowability and strength is distinctly nonlinear: moderate SP enhances workability, whereas excessive amounts (>0.30) lead to instability and segregation- similarly, fiber addition improves strength only up to a threshold, beyond which it increases mixture stiffness. At the material level, SP promotes particle dispersion and lubrication, while fibers provide crack-bridging and tensile reinforcement. When either component exceeds its effective range, the cohesion-flow equilibrium is disrupted, underscoring the importance of precise mix proportioning. Keywords: 3D Printable Concrete (3DPC)- Umbrella Grass Fiber (Cyperus Alternifolius)- Superplasticizer- Flowability- Compressive Strength- Fresh and Hardened Properties Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Benedictus Sonny Yoedono)

113	Material Physics	ABS-67
Sinusoidal Modulated Direct Current for Controlling Hydroxyapatite Crystal Growth on SS 316L via Electrochemical Deposition Alivia Nurul Avivin (a,b), Prabowo Puranto (b*), Anawati Anawati (a*) (a) Departement of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia (E-mail: alivia.nurul[at]ui.ac.id, and anawati[at]sci.ui.ac.id) (b) Research Center for Composite and Biomaterials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia (E-mail: prabowo.puranto[at]brin.go.id) Abstract Abstract Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were electrochemically synthesized on Stainless Steel 316L substrates using a unipolar sinusoidal modulated direct current (SMDC) at equivalent potentials of 2, 2.5, and 3 V, while conventional direct current (DC) deposition served as the control. The sinusoidal modulation was designed to maintain deposition continuity while mitigating hydrogen evolution effects commonly associated with porosity and structural defects in conventional electrodeposition. Under the modulated electrical configuration, the electrochemical interface underwent dynamic ionic redistribution and transient potential stabilization, promoting a more coherent nucleation-growth pathway. Morphological evaluation revealed a transformation from porous granular structures toward densely interwoven acicular architectures with increasing potential. Compared with conventional DC deposition, SMDC produced coatings with enhanced structural compactness, refined morphological homogeneity, and reduced defect formation. X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed crystalline hydroxyapatite formation and intensified crystallographic development under modulated conditions, particularly at the relatively low potential of 2.5 V. Furthermore, SMDC significantly amplified deposition kinetics, producing coating thicknesses of approximately 8-24 &#956-m, exceeding those obtained via conventional DC deposition (6-11 &#956-m). Electrochemical characterization further demonstrated the most effective corrosion protection at 2.5 V SMDC. Thus, unipolar SMDC represents an effective electrochemical strategy for governing HA crystal evolution and improving orthopedic implant surface protection. Keywords: Unipolar SMDC, Hydroxyapatite, Coating, Methods, Electrochemical Deposition. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Alivia Nurul Avivin)

114	Material Physics	ABS-68
Enhanced Photothermal Effect of polydopamine/graphene nanoplatelets/serat pakis (Cyathea contaminans (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel.) Composite for Efficient Solar-driven Steam Generation Febri Rismaningsih1,2, Muhammad Adam Dwiputra1, Ariadne Lakshmidevi Juwono1, and Vivi Fauzia1* 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia 2 Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Islam Syekh-Yusuf, Tangerang, Indonesia Abstract In recent years, solar driven steam generation SSG has been widely recognized by the scientific community as a sustainable and cost effective technology for seawater desalination and wastewater purification, offering a practical yet effective solution to the global shortage of clean water. In this study, we utilized Cyathea contaminans Wall. ex Hook. Copel., commonly known as serat pakis, a naturally abundant tree fern fiber widely distributed across Southeast Asia, as a three dimensional evaporator for the first time. We designed the evaporator by decorating serat pakis with graphene nanoplatelets which function as high light absorption capability, superior thermal conductivity, and excellent chemical stability, while polydopamine serves as a multifunctional binding agent that enhances the adhesion, dispersion, and compatibility of graphene nanoplatelets within the biomass matrix. The realized 3D photothermal evaporator, hereafter referred to as PGC, exhibits good thermal resistance, high pH stability, and reliable mechanical strength without fiber shedding from the tree fern matrix. Owing to its strong light absorption capability, enhanced wettability, and the presence of microchannels which accelerate water transport through its pores due to excellent capillary action, the PGC evaporator with a sample size of 2x2x6 cm reaches an outstanding average evaporation rate of 7.95 kg m h and a solar to thermal conversion efficiency of 99 percent under 1 sun illumination. This work presents a promising and practical strategy for the fabrication of highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and low cost biomass based evaporators and demonstrates their significant potential for real-world applications in seawater desalination and wastewater purification. Keywords: graphene nanoplatelets- Polydopamine- Fern fibers- Nanocomposites- Photothermal Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Febri Rismaningsih)

115	Material Physics	ABS-70
Interfacial interactions between organic inhibitors and carbon steel surfaces: A materials science perspective Nofrizal Nofrizal1, Keffi Tasliyana2, Andri Widianto3, Ayu Wulandari4, Meyliana Wulandari5, Konstantinos Georgarakis6, Susan Impey7 1-3 Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources - Lemigas, Jl. Ciledug Raya Kavling. 109, Jakarta 12230, Indonesia 4 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia 5 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia 6-7 School of Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Wharley End, Cranfield, Bedford, MK43 0JR, UK Abstract Keywords: buble test, carbon steel 1018, corrosion inhibitor, corrosion Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Meyliana Wulandari)

116	Material Physics	ABS-71
Sintesis dan Karakteristik Optik Carbon Dots dari Sekam Padi Tiara Hardyanti Utama, Akhiruddin Maddu, Laksmi Ambarsari Universitas Bengkulu Institut Pertanian Bogor Abstract Carbon dots (C-dots) merupakan material karbon berukuran nano yang memiliki sifat optik menarik seperti fluoresensi, stabilitas tinggi, dan biokompatibilitas yang baik sehingga berpotensi dikembangkan dalam berbagai bidang, khususnya biosensor dan teknologi kesehatan. Salah satu sumber bahan baku yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam sintesis C-dots adalah limbah sekam padi karena memiliki kandungan karbon yang tinggi dan melimpah di lingkungan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji karakteristik optik carbon dots yang disintesis dari limbah sekam padi berdasarkan berbagai penelitian terdahulu. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan menelaah jurnal nasional maupun internasional terkait sintesis dan karakterisasi C-dots. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa C-dots dari sekam padi memiliki sifat fluoresensi yang dipengaruhi oleh ukuran partikel, konsentrasi bahan, metode sintesis, serta panjang gelombang eksitasi. Karakteristik optik tersebut umumnya dianalisis menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis dan photoluminescence (PL). Selain itu, C-dots berbasis sekam padi menunjukkan potensi besar untuk diaplikasikan dalam biosensor, deteksi ion logam, bioimaging, dan pendeteksi glukosa. Pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi sebagai bahan dasar C-dots juga memberikan nilai tambah dalam pengembangan material ramah lingkungan dan berbiaya rendah. Keywords: carbon dots, sekam padi, karakteristik optik, fluoresensi, nanomaterial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tiara Hardyanti utama)

117	Material Physics	ABS-72
Growth-time-dependent performance of hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanorods for photodetector applications Rahmat Setiawan Mohar (1,2), Isnaeni (2), and Vivi Fauzia (1*) 1) Study Program of Materials Science, Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat 16424, Indonesia. *vivi[at]sci.ui.ac.id 2) Research Center for Photonics, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan Sains dan Teknologi B.J. Habibie, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia. Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered a favorable material for ultraviolet (UV) photodetection because of its direct wide band gap and synthesis simplicity. In this work, we prepared photodetectors based on ZnO nanorods (NRs) grown on indium-tin-oxide interdigitated-electrode (ITO-IDE) substrates using a hydrothermal method with different growth times of 2, 4, and 6 hours. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that all the ZnO NRs had the wurtzite polycrystalline structure with the predominant orientation of (002). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed hexagonal-shaped ZnO NRs, with diameters increasing as growth time prolonged. The optical analysis showed optical band gaps were in the UV region with the value of 3.29, 3.25, and 3.23 eV for growth time of 2, 4, and 6 hours, respectively. The current-voltage (I-V) measurements showed that both dark current and UV photocurrent increased with growth time, hence giving rise the UV photoresponsivity of the photodetectors from 2.92 A/W for the 2-hour sample to 5.41 and 7.32 A/W for the 4-hour and 6-hour samples at 5 V bias, respectively. Furthermore, the growth duration significantly influenced the response time of the photodetectors- the 2-hour sample exhibited the fastest rise and fall times, whereas the 6-hour sample was the slowest. These results demonstrate that optimizing growth time is crucial for balancing photocurrent gain and response speed in ZnO-based UV photodetectors. Keywords: ZnO- hydrothermal, growth time, photodetectors Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rahmat Setiawan Mohar)

118	Material Physics	ABS-73
Comparative Study of Structural and Magnetic Properties of undoped and Sr-doped LaFeO3 Perovskites Nursha Mutiara(1), Marzuki Naibaho (1), Januar Widakdo(1*) and Masno Ginting(2) 1. Department of Physics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, South Tangerang, 16424, Indonesia 2. Research Center for Energy Materials (PRME) - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Complex Puspiptek Building 440-441, South Tangerang, 15314, Indonesia Abstract This study investigates the effect of Sr substitution x = 0.1 on the structural and magnetic properties of LaFeO3 synthesized via the solid state method X ray diffraction XRD analysis confirms that both undoped and Sr doped samples crystallize in an orthorhombic perovskite structure with a slight peak shift toward lower angles and peak broadening in the doped sample indicating lattice expansion and reduced crystallite size from 76.7 nm to 46.3 nm as calculated using the Debye Scherrer equation Scanning electron microscopy SEM reveals agglomerated particles with irregular morphology where the average particle size decreases from 76.81 nm to 67.48 nm upon Sr doping Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectra exhibit a characteristic Fe O vibrational band around 500-600 cm confirming the formation of FeO6 octahedra with slight shifts indicating structural distortion due to Sr incorporation Magnetic measurements using vibrating sample magnetometry VSM show a significant enhancement in magnetic properties where the saturation magnetization increases from 0.089 emu/g to 2.66 emu/g and coercivity from 0.056 T to 0.395 T This improvement is attributed to the formation of mixed valence states which promote double exchange interactions as well as lattice distortion and reduced crystallite size that enhance spin canting and magnetic anisotropy These results demonstrate that Sr doping effectively tailors the structural and magnetic behavior of LaFeO3 making it a promising material for advanced magnetic applications Keywords: LaFeO3, Sr doping, perovskite oxide, magnetic properties, solid state reaction Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nursha Mutiara Chesarmay)

119	Material Physics	ABS-77
Development of TiC and HfC UHTC Coatings on S45C Steel via HVOF for Rocket Nozzle Applications Kurotun Aini1,2, Djoko Triyono1, Eni Sugiarti2, Bagus Wicaksono3, Lilis Mariani3, Mujtahid3, Safitry Ramandhany2, Nurul Latifah2 1 Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia 2 Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, Indonesia 3 Research Organization for Aeronautics and Space, Rumpin, Bogor, Indonesia, 10340 Abstract This study aims to develop ultra high temperature ceramic UHTC based coatings of titanium carbide TiC and hafnium carbide HfC on S45C steel substrates using the High Velocity Oxygen Fuel HVOF method for rocket nozzle applications The coatings were designed to enhance high temperature oxidation resistance erosion resistance and surface hardness while maintaining the relatively lightweight characteristics of the material Oxidation testing was conducted at 800C for 100 hours while erosion testing was performed in accordance with ASTM G211 14 standards Coating characterization was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy SEM EDS X Ray Diffraction XRD and Vickers hardness testing to evaluate surface morphology phase formation and mechanical properties of the coatings The results are expected to demonstrate that TiC and HfC coatings can improve the performance of S45C steel under extreme environments making them potential protective materials for rocket nozzle applications The novelty of this research lies in the development of TiC and HfC coatings on S45C substrates using HVOF technology for thermal and erosive protection in rocket propulsion systems Keywords: TiC HfC HVOF UHTC Oxidation Resistance Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kurotun aini)

120	Material Physics	ABS-96
Design and Fabrication of Modified L3 Two-Dimensional Silicon Photonic Crystal Lita Rahmasari*, Mohd Faizol Abdullah, Ahmad Rifqi Md Zain and Abdul Manaf Hashim Physics Education Department, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia MIMOS Semiconductor (M) Sdn Bhd, Technology Park Malaysia, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 46300, Bangi, Malaysia Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract Because the gaps in photonic crystals (PhC) can trap fluid and change the refractive index, they are intriguing for use in optofluidic sensors. In this study, we redesigned the cavity region and waveguide of PhC to decrease photon leakage. A finite-difference time-domain method is used to model and simulate Si PhC with L3 cavity structure on the silicon-on-insulator substrate. The optimized Si PhC L3 cavity is created with a lattice pitch ratio of 0.30 with a hexagonal array arrangement of 17x15. The fabrication of L3 Photonic Crystal using a combination of electron beam lithography (EBL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) processes is reported. The optimum exposure dose of EBL process was found to be in 240 mikroCoulomb/cm^2 due to small enlargement of hole diameter after pattern development process. The anisotropic etching and isotropic etching were achieved at low and high reaction pressures, respectively. As expected, the etching rate increases with time and RF power. A relatively smooth and well-defined nanoholes of photonic crystal has been obtained at RF power of 100 W and reaction pressure of 0.08 Torr. For preliminary measurement, we test the fabricated the modified L3 Photonic Crystal in ambient air, the Si PhC L3 cavity structure exhibits a high Q-factor of about 15,000 and a resonance wavelength,Lamda-res, of about 1560 nm. Due to the close proximity, silicon photonic crystal exhibits a slight variation in hole radius of about 3.33% from the intended dimension. This research highlights the importance of design optimization and fabrication technique to achieve a high-quality factor of optical device. Keywords: modified L3 Si PhC, electron beam lithography, reactive ion etching Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Lita Rahmasari)

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