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61	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-10
Analysis of Multimedia Filter Effectiveness to Improve the Quality of Rainwater Runoff in Fulfilling Urban Raw Water Supply Arma Oktaviani (*a), Nyoman Suwartha (a) a) Department of Civil Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok City, 16424, Indonesia *arma.oktaviani[at]ui.ac.id Abstract Rainwater is recommended as drinking water because it does not have deficiencies in several parameters. However, based on preliminary data test results in the study area has several parameters that exceed sanitary hygiene water. Multimedia filters are proposed to improve the effluent quality of rainwater runoff. The combination of silica sand added with activated carbon and zeolite media was varied into three reactor thickness designs as the first experiment and the difference in hydraulic loading rate (HLR) as a second experiment on a pilot-scale of 1:2. Based on the first experimental results, it was found that the reactor thickness variation factor did not have a significant effect (p-value 0.615) on improving effluent quality. However, the use of proposed media had a significant effect (p-value ~ 0) on several parameters. Effluent quality improvement reached 100% in nitrites, 29% in nitrates, and 94.4% in total coliform. Then, based on the second experiment results, variations in HLR did not have a significant effect (p-value 0.769) on improving effluent quality. However, HLR variation gave a significant effect (p-value of 0.001) on several parameters. Effluent quality improvement reached 71.4% in nitrites, 100% in nitrates, and 91.9% in total coliform. Keywords: Multimedia filters- Rainwater harvesting- Silica sand- Zeolite- Activated carbon Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Arma Oktaviani)

62	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-11
Novel Helical or Coiled Flocculator for Turbidity Reduction in Drinking Water Treatment: a Performance Study Gede H. Cahyana (1) Puji Suwandhi (2) Tri Mulyani (3) (1)(3)Environmental Engineering, Kebangsaan University (2)Soreang Hospital, Bandung Regency, West Java Province Abstract Helical or spiral coiled flocculator have not been applied in drinking water treatment yet in Indonesia. There were only a few articles discussed it with different themes like hydrodynamic, floc characteristic, and performance. This study was done to know the efficiency (performance) of helical flocculator with parameters velocity gradient, pipe and helical diameter, flowrate, detention time, coagulant dose. The study was divided into two steps: Jar test to determine the optimum dose of coagulant and flocculation experiments to evaluate the helical flocculator efficiency. Efficiencies were in the range of medium to high. On flowrate 13 ml/second was obtained good results for two pipe sizes but different in helical diameters. In 0.5 inch pipe with 0.8 m helical diameter the turbidity reduction efficiencies were 72.4% and 73.9% and sediment volume were 18.3 ml and 20.0 ml. In 0.625 inch pipe with 0.4 m helical diameter the turbidity reduction efficiencies were 76.7% and 78.5% and sediment volume were 14.3 ml and 19.7 ml. The optimum velocity gradient about 64.9-69.6 persecond and detention time about 438-649 seconds. The results showed that helical flocculator was effective for floc formation. Flowrate, pipe diameter, helical diameter were three key parameters to perform helical flocculator. Keywords: helical pipe, helical diameter, turbidity, velocity gradient Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Gede H. Cahyana)

63	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-12
The Effect of Roof Surface Area on the Quality and Quantity of Rainwater Runoff in Rainwater Harvesting System Kintari Faza Universitas Indonesia Abstract Rainwater harvesting system is one of the alternative sources of clean water supply to be used during the dry season. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of roof area on the quality and quantity of rainwater runoff, and determine the potential of rainwater runoff based on quality standards. The observation was conducted 2 different times and collected 23 samples of rainwater runoff from 11 different roof areas. Daily rainfall intensity data during the observation period were analyzed to estimate the quantity of rainwater runoff discharges from rooftop catchment area. The results shown that parameters which meet the clean water quality standard are turbidity, iron, manganese, nitrate and nitrite in both observation time. While the color, pH, TDS and E.coli are exceed the clean water quality standard. The highest rainwater runoff volume was 20,59 m3 for the first week and the second week was 14,06 m3. In conclusion, the rooftop catchment area significantly affects the quantity and quality of rainwater runoff, and potentially be used as clean water supply through a simple water treatment unit. Keywords: Rainwater harvesting system, variation of rooftop catchment area, quality and quantity of rainwater runoff, and alternative sourch of clean water Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kintari Faza)

64	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-15
Student responses in the use of information technology in environmental education services at the Purwodadi Botanical Garden R.V. Hari Ginardi(*b), Rachmawan Adi Laksono(a*c*), Muhammad Husni(*b), Khakim Ghozali(*b), Ridho Rahman Hariadi(*b) (*a)Departement of Technology Management Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya. (*b)Departement of Information Technology Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (*c) Purwodadi Botanical Garden, Indonesia Institute of Sciences Abstract Purwodadi Botanical Garden is an ex-situ plant conservation institution, as a conservation institution one of the activities of the Purwodadi Botanical Garden is environmental education. Increasing student visits and decreasing environmental education guides are problems that are being faced, therefore the use of information technology needs to be utilized to overcome these problems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pre-use of information technology in environmental education. Evaluation is aimed at elementary school students, junior high school, and high school. This study used a survey method with a questionnaire. The focus of the questionnaire is on the ease, interest, and adequacy of the information presented. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis method with division according to respondent education levels. The results of the study showed 38.6% Very satisfied, 54% satisfied for the easy to use statement. As for statements that want to use the results are 39% Very satisfied, and 52% satisfied. The third statement whether the information obtained has met the needs, the result is 40% very satisfied, 52.6 satisfied. From the results of research the use of information technology for environmental education can be well received by students and can be immediately implemented. Keywords: ex-situ conservation- human resource, environmental education- information technology, interaction media. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rachmawan adi laksono)

65	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-17
Metal Industry Waste Desiccation Behavior with the Addition of Bentonite as a Landfill Liner B S Ramadan1*, L K Alfanti1, E Sutrisno1, M A Budihardjo1, I W Wardhana1, S Yumaroh1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia Abstract The existence of garbage in the environment can cause pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out waste management, one of which is by building a landfill. Landfill liner should have a permeability coefficient <10-6 cm/sec to prevent contamination. Currently, the affordable material used as landfill liner is clay, but it is quite rare. An alternative material we can use is metal industrial waste, which has not utilized. Metal industrial waste has a permeability coefficient, namely 25.34560 x 10-6 cm/s. In order to reduce the permeability coefficient value, metal industrial waste is added with bentonite material, which has low permeability value with variations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% addition of bentonite. Digital image processing techniques used to calculate crack intensity factor (CIF) values using the Matlab 2019a software. The results showed that the permeability value that fulfilled was the variation of 20% bentonite addition of 0.8059.10-6 cm/s and 25% of 0.5059.10-6 cm/s. While the CIF results showed that only the variation of 25% bentonite addition were not eligible because they had a crack area >4%. Thus it can be concluded that the best composite is metal industrial waste with 20% bentonite. Keywords: Dewatered sludge, permeability coefficient, crack intensity factor Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Yumaroh)

66	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-19
Electrocoagulation for Drinking Water Treatment: A Review Ervando Tommy Al-Hanif(a*) and Arseto Yekti Bagastyo(b*) a) Master Degree of Environmental Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya-Indonesia *ervandot[at]gmail.com b) Department of Environmental Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Surabaya-Indonesia *a.bagastyo[at]gmail.com Abstract Abstract. One of the parts from electrochemical advanced process is electrocoagulation which have been widely used to treat various type of wastewater and water. Chemical Coagulation and Electrocoagulation had the same process but difference mechanism. The way of aluminum or iron delivered is the difference for the mechanism. This article focuses on the effects of various operating parameters and recent developments in the electrocoagulation for drinking water treatment process and their optimum ranges for maximum pollutant removal and various pollutants removed by this process is observed. Keywords: Electrocoagulation, Drinking Water Treatment Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ervando Tommy Al Hanif)

67	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-22
Impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Traditional Oil Mining at Wonocolo Village Kedewan Sub-District Bojonegoro Regency East Java Laily Agustina Rahmawati (1,4*), Norma Afiati (1,2), Thomas Putranto (1,3) 1 Doctorate Programme in Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate, Diponegoro University, Jl. Imam Bardjo SH No. 5 Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50273 2 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. - Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275 3 Department of Geology Technique, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soeudarto, Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia 50275 4 Environmental Science, Universitas Bojonegoro University, Jl. Lettu Suyitno No.2 Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia 62119 Abstract Mining in the world consists of modern and traditional mining. Various studies have been discussing on how field workers were very risky at being exposed to Covid-19 in modern mining. As such, many studies discussing ways of modern mines overcoming Covid-19, but discussion of research related to the impacts of Covid-19 on traditional mining has not been carried out. This study discussed the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on traditional oil mining in Wonocolo, Bojonegoro Regency. This work is a descriptive study using observation and in-depth interviews as well as reviewing secondary data related to the traditional mining activities. The results showed that Covid-19 pandemic have an indirect effect on activities of traditional oil mining in Wonocolo. The pandemic caused a decrease in demand, a drop in selling prices, lowering the amount of production and temporary closure of wells in Wonocolo traditional mining. In contrast, Covid-19 did not directly affect the activities of miners, since the miners believed that Covid-19 could not infect them due to the very extreme condition in the mining area that Corona virus would not survive. Keywords: Traditional oil mining, Covid-19 impacts, Wonocolo Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Laily Agustina Rahmawati)

68	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-23
Metals (Fe, Zn, Mn) Retention Capacity of Modified Bentonite Clay Liner M A Budihardjo1, D I Gita1, E Sutrisno1, B S Ramadan1*, I W Wardhana1, S Yumaroh1 1 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia 50275, Indonesia Abstract Landfill liner acts as a prevention for the migration of contaminants in the form of leachate into groundwater. Textile industry waste dewatered sludge was chosen as an alternative material for the landfill liner composition. In order to increase the quality of the liner, clay material in the form of bentonite was added to reduce the permeability of the sludge, lime to reduce the potential for damage due to leachate immersion, and rice husk ash to reduce the concentration of pollutants in leachate. Although the analysis of the leachate samples from the Jatibarang landfill is below the quality standard, precautions need to be taken to anticipate changes in the intensity of heavy metals in leachate. Therefore, the liner resistance test was carried out against the parameters of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) using the falling head method, and the heavy metal concentration test using AAS. Artificial leachate is used to replace the original leachate. The results of the study showed that the composition of 39% dewatered sludge+ 60% bentonite+ 1% lime was able to reduce the efficiency of Fe, Zn, and Mn from the inlet to the outlet by 100%, 71%, and 100%, respectively. Keywords: permeability, concentration of heavy metals, landfill liner Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Yumaroh)

69	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-24
Utilization of Azolla Microphylla for Bioremediation of Water Contaminated by Crude Oil Ariyastuti (a), Setyo Sarwanto Moersidik (a) a) Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia Abstract One of the ways to restore the environment contaminated by crude oil is bioremediation techniques by utilizing plants (phytoremediation). Plants that can be used in phytoremediation include aquatic plants such as Azolla microphylla species. This study aims to determine the density level of Azolla microphylla which is effective for recovering water contaminated with crude oil and to determine the relationship between plant and bacterial growth in the bioremediation process. This experiment was conducted using three densities of Azolla microphylla, i.e. 250, 300, and 350 g/m2. The contaminated water was simulated from 400 ml of groundwater and crude oil with two concentrations, i.e. 0.05% and 0.1% v/v. During the 15 days of the study, the optimum oil removal efficiency was obtained on day 3 with oil removal percentage for oil concentration of 0.05% at densities Azolla microphylla 250, 300, and 350 g/m2 respectively 40.7%, 47.4%, and 42.4%. Meanwhile, for the 0.1% oil concentration had an oil removal percentage at densities Azolla microphylla 250, 300, and 350 g/m2 respectively reach 50.1%, 59.6%, and 61.9%. Azolla microphylla growth is directly proportional to bacterial growth so that a larger plant density is needed for the bioremediation process of water contaminated with crude oil. Keywords: Azolla microphylla, Bioremediation, Oil Removal Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ariyastuti Ariyastuti)

70	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-32
Spatial Quality of Shallow Groundwater in DAS Cijurey Regency of Majalengka, West Java Tika Mutiara (*), Eko Kusratmoko, Kuswantoro Marko Departement of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia *tika0411mutiara[at]gmail.com Abstract Considering when the water needs to surge, an alternative is needed to obtain clean water. One of them by utilizing the presence of shallow groundwater. However, not all shallow groundwater has good quality to consume. Thus, the study aims to describe the shallow quality spatial pattern of the groundwater and describe the link between the spatial pattern of groundwater quality with litology, land use and groundwater in DAS Cijurey, Majalengka regency. There are two types of parameters used, namely physical and chemical. The shallow groundwater Quality measurement was carried out in November 2019. The results showed the territorial distribution of groundwater quality and the connection between groundwater and the three influence factors at DAS Cijurey. With the number of samples used is 41 point, groundwater quality sampling with purposive random sampling method. As, the parameters measured will be compared to 3 quality standards namely, Ministerial Regulation No. 492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010, Government regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 82nd. 2001, and Regulation of the Minister of Health RI No. 01/birhukmas/1975. After that, a decent water quality result (6 samples) is not feasible (35 samples) for consumption. As well, the dominating factors of land use i.e. settlement, for the dominating litology is the unraveling volcanic rock, and the depth of the water in its depths of 0-5 meters. Keywords: shallow groundwater- water quality- physics parameters- chemical parameters- DAS Cijurey Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tika Mutiara)

71	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-33
Region of Springs Utilization in Cicurug Village, Majalengka Sub-District, Majalengka District, West Java Yusra Amelia, Eko Kusratmoko, Ratna Saraswati Departement of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science,University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia *yusra.amelia38[at]gmail.com Abstract Springs is one of the primary sources of clean water that can be used to fulfill domestic water needs in Cicurug village. Its residents have widely used the springs in Cicurug village, but the springs management is simplistic. Thus utilization of water resources management practices in Cicurug village should be further developed. This study analyzes the spatial pattern of springs utilization based on the potential area, the actual utilization area, and the comparison between the potential area and the actual utilization area. The results of this study indicate the springs in Cicurug village are located between the altitude of 165-346 m above the sea level and discharge of 0.158 l/s to 1.935 l/s. The potential areas of the springs utilization are located between the altitude of 135 to 300 m above the sea level. The actual area of utilization springs in Cicurug village includes the land use types in villages located between the altitude of 164 to 275 m above sea level. The comparison between the potential areas of utilization of springs with the actual areas shows that utilized area exceeds the potential areas and there is an actual area of springs utilization that is narrower than potential areas. Keywords: Springs, Spatial Utilization Patterns, Actual Region Of Utilization, Potential Region Of Utilization Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yusra Amelia)

72	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-39
Building a Development Strategy towards Community Based Tourism (CBT) in Thekelan Hamlet A Rezagama1, M A Budihardjo1, B Zaman1, E Yohana2, B S Ramadan1, R P Safitri1 1Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Jl. Prof.H.Soedarto S.H, Tembalang, Tembalang, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia Abstract Thekelan Hamlet located in Batur, Getasan, Semarang Regency, has a suitable location as a tourism village. Even so, tourist activities have not involved the residents as a whole and only focus on enjoying natural tourism. The development of tourism with the concept of education in Thekelan Hamlet has the potential to increase residents^ income through the integration and development of local wisdom in Community Based Tourism (CBT). Thus, tourists can enjoy the beauty of nature and have the opportunity to interact with the lifestyle of its local community. The purpose of this study was to examine the existing conditions of the Thekelan Hamlet to develop a strategy for developing and managing the tourist village of Thekelan Village according to the concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT). Based on the study results, it was found that Thekelan Hamlet has the carrying capacity as a tourist village in the form of local wisdom of its people, various tourist attractions, and organizations that are active in tourism activities. In developing Thekelan Hamlet tourism, strategies are formulated by integrating the strengths, weaknesses, potentials, and challenges of Thekelan as a tourist village and emphasizing the concept of Community Based Tourism (CBT), for example, a collaboration between the community and local government, innovation in various service packages tourism and developing the quality of local human resources related to tourism. Keywords: CBT, tourism hamlet, community participation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rahayu Puji Safitri)

73	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-42
Impacts of Zeolite Activation Temperature and Grain Size toward Bioretention System Efficiency in Removing Pb and Zn Pollutant in Stormwater Runoff Elgin Martama (*a), Nyoman Suwartha (a) a) Department of Civil Engineering, University of Indonesia, Depok City, 16424, Indonesia *im.elginmartama[at]gmail.com Abstract Stormwater runoff can be utilized as a clean water supply through a simple treatment technology such as a bioretention system. However, this water treatment efficiency is influenced by various factors. Previous research showed that although the bioretention system had combined with a plant and media composition, the concentration of effluent still exceeds the quality standard. The purpose of this research was to improve the bioretention efficiency in removing heavy metal Pb and Zn in stormwater runoff. Three variations of bioretention were prepared, with the same combination of 2 type plants (Chrysopogon zizanioides and Iris pseudacorus) and media composition (zeolite: quartz: compost: soil = 6:2:1:1). The zeolite activation temperatures and grain sizes were simulated with 3 discharges variation of initial Pb and Zn concentration of synthetic stormwater runoff. The results showed that modified bioretention produced higher removal efficiency of Pb (99.95% on average) and Zn (98.89% on average). Besides, the effluent concentrations have met the water quality standard following Government regulation No. 82/2001. In conclusion, the higher temperature of activated zeolite combined with smaller grain size significantly enhance the removal efficiency of Pb and Zn in stormwater runoff. Keywords: Bioretention system- Pb and Zn removal efficiency- Water quality- Zeolite activation temperature- Zeolite grain size. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Elgin Martama)

74	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-45
Settlement Infrastructure Management for Universal Access in Ngantang District, Malang Regency, Indonesia Nidyaul Elya (a*), Ismu Rini Dwi Ari (b), Septiana Hariyani (c), Bayu Seno Aji (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) Regional and Urban Planning Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang City. Jl. MT. Haryono no. 167 Malang 65145 Indonesia * nidyaulelya[at]gmail.com Abstract The pillars of sustainable development do not look at the three main pillars, namely economic, social and environmental. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are divided into 17 goals to be achieved by 2030, one of which is the sixth goal to ensure sustainable clean water and sanitation management for all. The infrastructure problem related to sanitation in Ngantang Regency is the low awareness of the community to adopt a clean and healthy lifestyle which is the main cause of problems with wastewater, garbage or drainage in settlements. Fits to the target of 100-0-100 Universal Access. The role of government and society is important in meeting the goal of universal access. Measurement of participation in implementing universal access priority handling uses Social Network Analysis (SNA) which is differentiated by pre-activity, activity implementation, and post-activity. The final result of this research is the settlement from the perspective of social conditions through measuring the level of participation, the value of relationship density, and finding a central actor who plays a role in bridging the community and government in implementing universal access programs Keywords: Infrastructure, Universal Access, Social Community Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nidyaul Elya)

75	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-46
Impact of Vegetation Density Change on Land Surface Temperature in Kuta Utara Sub district, Badung Regency, Bali Province Friscila Aginta (a), Astrid Damayanti (b*), Muhammad Dimyati (b) a) Bachelor Program of Geography, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia b) Department of Geography, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia *astrid.damayanti[at]sci.ui.ac.id Abstract The increase in population that occurred year after year resulted in land function change. The land function change can impact on decreasing green open space and land surface temperature (LST), which is one of the important parameters in environmental change. The LST is increasing along with changes in land use. This study aims to identify vegetation density change and its impacts on land surface temperature in Kuta Utara Sub-district, by comparing two vegetation indices to decide which vegetation index is more suitable if it is associated with LST. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) methods were used to knowing vegetation density change. This study additionally used the Mono-window Brightness Temperature algorithm to find out the LST. This study used remote sensing and GIS technology. NDVI, EVI, and LST values were obtained through Landsat ETM+ and Landsat OLI TIRS in 2010, 2015, and 2020. The values are analyzed using the spatial-temporal analysis method to see the vegetation density change and LST from 2010, 2015, and 2020. The results of NDVI and EVI analysis showed there was a significant decrease in vegetation cover and density. The decrease in vegetation density, causing a significant increase in LST in Kuta Utara Sub-district from 2010, 2015, and 2020. Based on the analysis results, the more suitable vegetation index when it is related to LST is NDVI. It identified from the value of the NDVI analysis that is closer to one than the EVI analysis value. Keywords: LST- Vegetation- NDVI- EVI- Remote sensing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Friscila Aginta)

76	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-51
MEASUREMENT OF WATER AVAILABILITY: UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL OF WATER AND THE LEVEL OF COMMUNITY WELFARE AT BUMIAJI DISTRICT, BATU CITY, INDONESIA Ismu Rini Dwi Ari (a*), Septiana Hariyani (a), Budi Sugiarto Waloejo (a) a) Regional and Urban Planning Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang City. Jl. MT. Haryono no. 167 Malang 65145 Indonesia. * dwiari[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This research attempts to be part of the goal of Sustainable Development Goals movement, especially pillar number six. Bumiaji District Batu City, Indonesia is chosen as an empirical case, with basic assumption that putting together development of both physical and social infrastructures as a key success for poverty alleviation. Total respondents are 552 households proportionally distributed at 9 villages which classified into poor and non-poor family whereby primary data was conducted through face-to-face interview questionnaire. First aim found that the non-poor households have better access to safe water than the poor through measurement of the 5 components of Water Poverty Index (WPI), in range the WPI value of 55.26 - 80.12 and 44.98 - 64.91, respectively. However, between the two has one similarity wherein environment indicates as the worst component (25.04 - 37.78). For the second question, applying Social Network Analysis with two indexes of rate of participation and density also depicts similar result that the non-poor households have higher social ties than the poor. In conclusion, putting together the balance development between physical infrastructure and human resources are indispensable, in particular on how important environmental education to prevent land use conversion from green areas to built-up area Keywords: Water Poverty Index, Rate of Participation, Density Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ismu Rini Dwi Ari)

77	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-53
Conversion of Coal Fly Ash into Advanced Crystalline Materials Milna Kurniawati (a), Noerma J. Azhari (b), Grandprix T.M. Kadja (b,c,d), Rino R. Mukti (b,c,d), Suprihanto Notodarmojo (a,e) a) Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 40132 b) Division of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 40132 c) Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia d) Center for Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia e) Water and Wastewater Engineering Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Abstract In recent years, coal fly ash disposal has become one concerning environmental problems in Indonesia. Although coal fly ash is remain categorized as hazardous solid waste in several countries, it is also widely known as a valuable material used in various fields, including as a precursor for the synthesis of advanced crystalline materials such as zeolite and geopolymer. Previous studies mainly focused on the utilization of coal fly ash originated from the thermal powerplant. This research done to acknowledge the potency of coal fly ash originated from the textile industry to be further converted into new advanced materials through several procedures, such as (1) modification using NaOH solution (FA-Na), (2) synthesized into geopolymer (Geo), and (3) synthesized into zeolite-A (FA-LTA). Characterization of synthesized products conducted using various techniques, i.e. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The results show that increasing crystallinity, specific surface area, and CEC in the samples are directly proportional to the increasing of alkali concentration used. This research has proven that coal fly ash originated from the textile industry was also possibly used for the synthesis of zeolite and geopolymer. Keywords: Coal fly ash- Textile industry- Geopolymer- Zeolite A Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Milna Kurniawati)

78	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-57
Evaluation of Community-based Water Supply System in Krembung, Sidoarjo Bowo Djoko Marsono and Pertiwi Margarana Nirwisaya Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Planning, and Geo Engineering Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Surabaya Jalan Arief Rahman Hakim, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia bowodjok[at]gmail.com Abstract Based on National Medium Term Development Plan (RPJMN), access to drinking water expected to reach 100%. However, PDAM Delta Tirta Sidoarjo has only been able to serves the drinking water demand by 37%. In concern to this fact, the Sidoarjos Government launched Penyediaan Air Minum Berbasis Masyarakat (PAMSIMAS) in Krembung Sub-district. Therefore, to find out the condition and implementation of PAMSIMAS program, an evaluation through technical and non technical aspects are needed in order to provide solution and recommendations on improving PAMSIMAS performance. The data collection was conducted by doing survey, water quality analysis in laboratory, measuring water pressure using a pressure gauge manometer, and giving out questionnaires. The distribution system is continuous for 24 hours and serves 1,458 house connections. At its farthest point, the water pressure ranges from 4.80 - 7.50 mH2O. The result of the water quality analysis showed that turbidity, color, iron, manganese, and total coliform did not meet the quality standard. About 47% respondents are interested in becoming customer, factors that influenced the interest in becoming customer are water quality and limitations of network. Solution and recommendations that can be applied are build a water treatment plant and developing new piping systems. Keywords: Community-based- Evaluation- Water Supply Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Pertiwi Margarana Nirwisaya)

79	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-58
Stakeholder Collaboration in Promoting Sustainable Solid Waste Management (Study Case: Kelurahan Joyotakan, Surakarta) Hakimatul Mukaromah (a), Zumrotus Sa^adah (b) (a) Urban and Regional Planning Program, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret (b) Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University Abstract The sustainable solid waste management paradigm focuses on reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R) to increase the reduction of waste piles in landfills. These efforts often only rely on efforts to increase community participation as a source of producing waste. This is related to household waste which is one of the largest sources of daily waste production in Surakarta. On the other hand, waste management is also the responsibility of city stakeholders. The purpose of this paper is to examine the roles and functions of each stakeholder in waste management in urban environments and to what extent their role in promoting Sustainable Solid Waste Management. The method used is a qualitative descriptive and case study method. The results are expected to be known how the stakeholder collaboration model in promoting Sustainable Solid Waste Management in urban environments. Keywords: Stakeholders Collaboration, Sustainable Solid Waste Management Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (HAKIMATUL MUKAROMAH)

80	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-59
Combining Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information System (GIS) for Mapping Habitat Threat of Mentilin (Cephalopachus bancanus) Norlaili Isnaini, Hero Marhaento, Sena Adi Subrata Forest Resources Conservation Department, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Abstract Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Gunung Menumbing is one of the protected areas in Indonesia located in Muntok, West Bangka. It has unique of plants and animals that represent the low-land forest ecosystems of Bangka-Belitung Island. However, the biodiversity is threatened due to massive destructive activities from illegal tin mining, logging, hunting, and agriculture practices such as rubber and oil palm plantations. This study aims to map the habitat threat of the western tarsier (Cephalopachus bancanus), locally called mentilin, which is one of the most threatened animals in Tahura Gunung Menumbing. To achieve the study objective, this study used the combination of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The AHP analysis was carried out to determine the weight and score of selected parameters that affect to habitat suitability of mentilin and its potential threats. The data were collected from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires sent by an electronic mail to experts. In total, there were fourteen experts representing NGO in Bangka Island, ex-poacher, researchers, and governments contributed to the research. We used the Expert Choice v.11 software to analyze the AHP. Next, the results of AHP was analyzed using ArcMap v.10.4 software to produce the habitat threat map of mentilin. The results showed that according to the AHP, land cover (0,32) and canopy density (0,21) were the two main factors having the largest weight for the mentilin habitat, while the distance from the river (0,46) and distance from the road (0,19) were the two main factors having the largest weight for the mentilin threats. By overlaying the weights and scores of each contributing factor, it was revealed that 62% of the area in the Tahura Gunung Menumbing was prone to mentilin habitat. This result indicated that mentilin in the Tahura Gunung Menumbing is facing serious threats and conservation actions are are urgently needed. Keywords: Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)- Cephalopachus bancanus- Geographical Information System (GIS)- Habitat threat- Taman Hutan Raya Gunung Menumbing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Norlaili Isnaini)

81	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-60
Spatial Distribution and Characteristics of Destructive Activities in Tahura Gunung Menumbing, West Bangka Muhammad Robby Pratama, Hero Marhaento Forest Resource Conservation Department, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Abstract Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Gunung Menumbing is a well-known protected area in West Bangka, Indonesia for its unique of plants and animals that represent the low-land forest ecosystems of Bangka-Belitung Island. However, the biodiversity of Tahura Gunung Menumbing is currently facing threats from illegal encroachments. This research aims to map the spatial distribution of those illegal encroachments inside the protected area and investigate their characteristics such as dominances, frequencies, time and durations. We interviewed 48 respondents that were selected by snowball sampling technique. These respondents consisted of farmers, illegal tin miners, and poachers. The results showed that the spatial distribution of illegal encroachments such as illegal tin mining, wildlife hunting, and illegal agriculture practices for rubber and oil palm plantations mainly occurred on the west side of Tahura Gunung Menumbing inside the utilization and rehabilitation blocks. Illegal agriculture practices for rubber and oil palm were the most dominant activities (69%) in the Tahura Gunung Menumbing, while illegal tin mining and wildlife hunting contributed 25% and 6%, respectively. Moreover, illegal tin mining and agriculture practices were the two activities having high frequencies which almost occurred every day, while wildlife hunting was relatively low frequency (i.e. once a week). For the time of activity, hunting wildlife was carried out mostly in the morning, while the tin mining and agriculture practices were carried out throughout the day. The findings of our study showed that Tahura Gunung Menumbing is facing serious threats and thus the biodiversity is potentially declining in the future. Therefore, conservation actions to preserve the biodiversity in Tahura Gunung Menumbing are urgently needed. Keywords: Illegal Activities, Encroachment, Biodiversity Threats, Tahura Gunung Menumbing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Robby Pratama)

82	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-61
Evaluation of Community-based Drinking Water Supply System in Manyar Subdistrict, Gresik Regency Ir. Bowo Djoko Marsono, M. Eng (a*) , Kintan Dyah Pitaloka (a) a) Department of Environmental Engineering, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology Jalan Taman Dr. Angka, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia *bowodjok[at]enviro.its.ac.id Abstract The differences of topography in Indonesia causes drinking water distribution by Municipal Waterworks (PDAM) can^t reach up some rural areas which are far from urban area, one of them is in the Manyar Subdistrict, Gresik Regency. In fact, this subdistrict has the potential for economic growth because it is close to the north coast and there is a national port. About 10,67% of drinking water supply in rural area is held through the Community-based Drinking Water Supply which is managed and maintained by Himpunan Penduduk Pemakai Air Minum (HIPPAM). The research aim to evaluate the system and make recommendation^s from the evaluation analysis for more optimal system performance. The evaluation consist of technical and non-technical aspects were conducted by the scoring and weighting method. Tanggulrejo Village got the highest score, 4,28 (85,50%), with a very good category, while Pongangan Village got the lowest score, 2,65 (53%), with a moderate category. In general, optimal performance for this evaluation can be obtained by optimizing the existing water treatmen, build an elevated reservoir to increase water pressure, involving the community as meter recorder, and improving the administrator knowledge and skills through HIPPAM training. Keywords: Community, evaluation, water supply Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kintan Dyah Pitaloka)

83	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-62
Filter Performance Evaluation of Karangpilang III Drinking Water Treatment Plant PDAM Surya Sembada Surabaya Bowo Djoko Marsono (a*), Aliza Camellia (a) a*) Departement of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia bowodjok[at]enviro.its.ac.id Abstract Due to uprating, decreasing quality of effluent filter and unstable backwash frequency on its unit filter per day result in the volatility of Karangpilang III water production quantity and quality. Two evaluations were conducted to determine the performance of the unit filter and its backwash process. Parameter used in the evaluation is turbidity. The first evaluation showed that (1) the turbidity of all unit has complied to the national regulation. However, five units were found to not comply the criteria from PDAM- (2) the ratio of backwash volume and water production indicated that the performance of filter number 5-10 were normal with percentage between 3-7%- (3) only five units have fulfilled UFRV criteria being within the range of 300-500 m3/m2. Further assessment on filter number 2 and 10 were conducted using filter coring method. The loss of media, unstratified media, cracking, and air binging were seen on filter number 2 and 10. Based on the post-backwash turbidity value profile, removal and effluent turbidity of filter number 2 were found to be better than filter number 10. Floc retention filter profile of filter number 10 showed different conditions in each sampling depth from 3 sampling points. Keywords: Backwash- Filter coring- Filter performance- Turbidity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aliza Camellia)

84	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-65
Social conditions in wastewater processing to manage river water quality (Study at Cirarab River, Tangerang District, Indonesia) K Indriyani1, H S Hasibuan1* and M Gozan2 1School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16242, West Java, Indonesia * Email: hayati.hasibuan[at]ui.ac.id Abstract Water is essential for a healthy ecosystem and socio-economic development. Global water demand increases annually and will continue to increase significantly. However, the availability of clean water is strongly influenced by pollution which is heavily influenced by human population. As rivers are often used as sources for drinking water, its water quality is crucial to be maintained and monitored, one of which is Cirarab River in Tangerang district. The COD and BOD values of Cirarab River have excedeed the permissible water quality standards which are associated to the human activities in the river basin. This research aims to determine the social condition in terms of community and industry participation in wastewater proccessing in the river basin. This research was conducted through field observation, questionnaires, and deep interview. This study concludes that the community septic tank ownership is moderate (53%) and the industry WWTP ownerships is low (22%). The recommended strategies are: providing establishment of individual or communal septic tanks, providing assistance to the community and industries, personnel addition of environmental supervisors, surveillance on wastewater treatment plant operations, wastewater discharge permit re-evaluation, and stronger law enforcement. Keywords: Social conditions- Cirarab- river basin- septic tanks ownership- WWTP ownership Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kus Indriyani)

85	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-68
Water Reuse Planning for Fulfilment of Clean Water in Indonesia Wedo Aru Yudhantoro (a*), Suyud Warno Utomo (b), Dwi Nowo Martono (b) a) Student of Master Degree School of Environmental Science Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No. 4, Senen, Central Jakarta *wedo.aru[at]ui.ac.id b)School of Environmental Science Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya no. 4, Senen, Central Jakarta Abstract The number of clean water needed will always increase when the number of the population still shows growth. It must have the same level from the supply and demand or the supply of clean water has higher than the demand for clean water. Some cities in Indonesia have problems with the fulfilment of clean water. Factors from climate change, behaviour, and management can affect the conditions of clean water resources. The development of technologies and science makes the reuse of the water process can be done for another resource of clean water fulfilment. Rainwater harvesting, membrane bioreactors, reverse osmosis, and filtration systems are some kind of processing systems for the water mechanism for the fulfilment of clean water. Sustainable clean water resources and supply is one of the indicators of sustainable development goals. This research was conducted to see how is the potential of water reuse for the fulfilment of clean water in Indonesia by using several systems or processing that have been installed and used. The control and evaluation is the best key to make sure the clean water resources still in the best condition and water reuse is one of the plan to support fulfilment of clean water. Keywords: Clean water, membrane bioreactors, Rainwater Harvesting, reverse osmosis Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Wedo Aru Yudhantoro)

86	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-69
Study of Commercial Water Losses in PDAM Maja Tirta, Mojokerto City Bowo Djoko Marsono (1*), Ika Roichatul Jannah (1) (1) Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya 60111, Indonesia *Corresponding author^s email: bowodjok[at]enviro.its.ac.id Abstract Water losses is a problem that often occurs in PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) including PDAM Maja Tirta, Mojokerto City. Water meters at customer connections that have been installed for a long time and have never been calibrated have the possibility to decrease in accuracy, causing commercial water losses. This study starts with a literature study about water losses. Then collected secondary data from PDAM Maja Tirta Mojokerto City in the form of service maps, the number and address of customers, the volume of water input that enters the distribution system, the system output volume, and tariffs or prices water. From the secondary data, an analysis can be done to determine the number and location of sampling using the method described in SNI 05-0666 of 1997. The primary data that will be take is the accuracy of the customer^s water meter measurements. From the results of the study, the level of commecial water loss due to the accuracy of the water meter was 8,52% from input system volume (total distributed water) or 148,160.42 m3. Control of commercial water losses can be done by periodically measuring the customer^s water meter, replacing damaged water meter, and adding input system water meter. Keywords: PDAM, Commercial Water Losses, water meter Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ika Roichatul Jannah)

87	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-71
Designing Interpretation Tracks for Nature Tourism in Tahura Gunung Menumbing, West Bangka Ega Eminda Krisma, Hero Marhaento Forest Resources Conservation Departement, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Abstract Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Gunung Menumbing is a well-known protected area in West Bangka, Indonesia, and a popular heritage site for its old historical house located at the top of the mountain that was used by the Dutch to isolate the founding fathers of the Republic Indonesia during the war era. Although it has been a popular tourism site, many potential attractions in Tahura Gunung Menumbung are still unexplored. This research aimed to design interpretation tracks for nature tourism in Tahura Gunung Menumbing to increase tourism destination attractiveness. To achieve the research purposes, this research used the combination of field surveys, literature reviews, and interviews. We followed the procedure from the Bureau Land of Management to score the landscape attractiveness. It was found 142 plant species, 61 animal species, and 12 landscape points of interests that were potential to be the interpretation objects. We identified 10 interpretation tracks varied from 160 to 4,200 meter in length and contained 2 - 8 interpretation objects. Six interpretation programs are then proposed, such as Menumbing Jungle Tracks, Tin Mining Explorations, Primates of Menumbing, Snakes to Explore, Menumbing-Belt Adventure, and Menumbing^s landscape and socio-culture. Keywords: nature interpretation, interpretation tracks, tourism, Taman Hutan Raya Gunung Menumbing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ega Eminda Krisma)

88	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-74
The Impact of Human Factors on Smart Sustainable City Construction in Parepare City South Sulawesi Mulyawan (a), Hayati Sari Hasibuan (b*), Ahyahudin Sodri (a) a) School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia *Hayati.hasibuan[at]ui.ac.id Abstract Smart city is an idea to achieve a sustainable city. A smart city as a warning tool for urban land use change is an integral part of the regional planning process in which policies and strategic plans are reviewed and evaluated. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of human factors on sustainable urban development. This paper focuses on provides a particular conceptual focus on the potential of smart city strategies for improving the social sustainability of cities. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. The data analysis method is to describe what analysis techniques the researcher uses to analyze the data that has been collected. This research uses descriptive statistical analysis method. Sources of research data are literature studies, observations and interviews with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. The research location is in the city of Parepare, South Sulawesi. Human factor is an important part of the smart city it was created, because of the habits that they used to start to leave behind. Smart city projects have an impact on the quality of life of citizens with the aim of making the city more efficient. The human factor is a very important part in realizing the achievement of a smart sustainable city, because this program is intended for the community so that the community must support the achievement of the smart city program optimally. Smart city projects impact the quality of life of citizens with the aim of making cities more efficient. Keywords: Human factors, Smart city, Sustainable City Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mulyawan Mulyawan)

89	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-75
Characteristics of the Settlement Brand Index for improving environmental safety in Balikpapan Mega Ulimaz (a*), Dwiana Novianti Tufail (a), Nadia Almira Jordan (b), a) Urban and Regional Planning Department, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Jl. Soekarno Hatta Km 15 Balikpapan *megaulimaz[at]lecturer.itk.ac.id b) Architecture Department, Institut Teknologi Kalimantan Jl. Soekarno Hatta Km 15 Balikpapan Abstract Balikpapan is no longer as an Oil City oriented towards oil drilling, but is limited to processing services only, and is developed through a dynamic, harmonious and green service city. In the middle of this transformation process, Balikpapan is also committed to realizing Balikpapan a Smart City, where one of the components is Smart Branding. Economic transformation have an impact on environmental changes. The level of environmental safety is inversely proportional to the branding of Balikpapan. The criteria for occupancy eligibility are a sense of security and comfort. Comfort in urban areas can be realized by creating comfortable spaces to live in. Before making major efforts to develop technology for recognition of the Balikpapan smart city, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the level of residential environmental security based on one of the smart city components.. Analyze the level of the Settlement Index using descriptive statistics with distribution pattern maps and hexagonal diagrams. The results of the analysis show that the physical aspects of the city, public facilities, and economic opportunities have the highest index which affects the improvement of environmental security. The physical aspect of the city with the dominant index is the distribution of city image elements. In addition, it is also supported by economic facilities and the development of the creative industry. Keywords: environmental safety, Settlement brand index, smart city Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mega Ulimaz)

90	Environmental Science, Technology, and Education	ABS-79
Community Perceptions Analysis of Waste Management in the Upper Citarum Watershed Measured from Attitudes, Awareness, Responsibilities, and Norms using the SEM Method Atiti Setyaning Utami Mudjiardjo, Setyo Sarwanto Moersidik, Linda Darmajanti School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia Abstract The Citarum River is a river that is widely used for community life, however, water pollution in the Citarum watershed, especially the upstream area is increasing. Research shows that river water quality has decreased drastically where along the 127 km or 47.1% of the Citarum river has been heavily polluted and filled with various waste. Waste and its management are now becoming an increasingly urgent problem in cities in Indonesia, because if it is not handled properly it will result in a change in the environmental balance that is detrimental. It is feared that the high level of pollution in the upstream area of the Citarum watershed will have an impact on the water quality conditions. Therefore, a social analysis is needed in the upstream area of the Citarum watershed. In this study, people^s perceptions in the upstream area of the Citarum watershed were measured by the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method. 100 samples were taken from the community in the upstream area of the Citarum watershed. This research is intended to analyze the perceptions of the community in the upstream area of the Citarum watershed towards waste management, measured by attitudes, awareness, responsibility, and norms. The correlation results show that there is a significant relationship between the dimensions of waste management where the highest correlation or relationship between norms and a sense of responsibility is (0.6667). It can be concluded that community norms and responsibilities are the main factors in waste management. Keywords: Citarum, waste, water pollution, SEM method, social analysis Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Atiti Setyaning Utami Mudjiardjo)

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