Actor Network Interoperability For Non-Procedural PMI Prevention Through Early Detection Strategy Ida Irawati1, Mani Festati Broto2, Sadu Wasistiono3, Susanti4
1,2,3,4Universitas Terbuka, Jl. Jenderal Ahmad Yani No.43, RT.5/RW.4, Utan Kayu Sel., Kec. Matraman, Kota Jakarta Timur, Indonesia
Abstract
Abstract
The imbalance of economic growth and job availability triggers labor migration, including non-procedural migration. Push factors such as poverty and political instability, as well as pull factors such as job opportunities abroad, are the main drivers of migration. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. The selection of key informants was carried out purposively. Key informants were selected based on two main criteria. First, informants have direct involvement in the development and implementation of policies related to migrant workers, so they can provide in-depth insights into the effectiveness, challenges, and shortcomings in the implementation of non-procedural migration prevention policies. Second, the selected informants also have roles in diplomacy and regulation aspects, including in the implementation of immigration policies. Informants are usually determined using snowball and accidental techniques. The data analysis tool used in this qualitative study is NVivo 12. The results of this study found that prevention of non-procedural migrant workers requires a holistic approach. The effectiveness of prevention policies is still low due to weak coordination. Collaboration between actors is not optimal due to sectoral egos. Practical suggestions, namely the use of real-time reporting applications is important for transparency and early detection based on risk indicators. Suggestions for the government and policy makers (BP2MI, Ministry of Manpower, Regional Government), namely the government must determine non-procedural migration risk indicators for the classification and intervention of vulnerable villages.
Keywords: Non-procedural PMI in Malaysia, Non-procedural PMI Prevention, Early Detection Strategy, Actor Network Interoperability.
Topic: Social Community Dynamics in the Digital Age
