Modeling the Impact of Smart and Sustainable Transport Strategies in Jakarta, Indonesia: a Focus on Urban Heat Islands and Air Quality Frida Caturima Darojati, Elvira Humaizah, Kelvin Narada Gunawan
Ministry of National Development Planning
Independent
Independent
Abstract
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, where urban areas experience higher temperatures than surrounding non-urban areas, is a phenomenon that has been prevalent in cities worldwide, including cities in Asia like in Jakarta, Indonesia. This phenomenon has a significant impact on both public health and the environment, such as mortality and increasing air temperature. This study aims to identify smart and sustainable transportation strategies as solutions to address UHI and assesses their impact through community preferences and microclimate modeling. The analysis consists of three methodologies: literature reviews, surveys, and the ENVI-met model. The results showed that there are thirteen strategies that can reduce UHI in Jakarta and, among them, there are eleven strategies that are mostly preferred by the respondents. Furthermore, the ENVI-met model shows that the thirteen strategies and preferred strategies can reduce air temperature and PM2.5 concentrations in the study area. This analysis recommends practical solutions, enhancements to existing strategies, and guidance for future research in this field that can be implemented by stakeholders to improve urban transportation, minimize pollution, mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) effects, and contribute to sustainable urban development.
Keywords: Sustainable City, Climate Mitigation, Urban Heat Island, Sustainable Transport, ENVI-met Model
