Thermodynamic Modeling of Energy Storage Units Before Design and Construction Janter P. Simanjuntak(1,*,a), Eka Daryanto (1), Bisrul H. Tambunan (1), Robert Silaban (1), Denny H. Sinaga (2,a)
Universitas Negeri Medan
Abstract
Energy storage systems (ESS) play a critical role in enhancing the efficiency, reliability, and flexibility of modern energy infrastructures. This study presents a thermodynamic modeling approach to evaluate the performance and behavior of a closed-loop thermal energy storage system using water as the storage medium. The model incorporates principles of the first and second laws of thermodynamics to simulate charging and discharging processes, heat losses, temperature stratification, and energy efficiency. Parametric simulations were conducted to assess the influence of storage volume, inlet temperature, and flow rate on the thermal performance. The results show that higher inlet temperatures and optimized flow rates significantly improve the energy retention and reduce thermal degradation. This thermodynamic framework provides a valuable tool for the design, optimization, and integration of thermal energy storage systems in various applications, including renewable energy harvesting and waste heat recovery.
