Optimization of Maceration Extraction of Corn Silk on Bioactive Compounds and Anticancer Activity Rosalina Ariesta Laeliocattleya*, Yunianta, Mokhamad Nur, Andieni Fauziah Rahmah
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
*deeochalina[at]ub.ac.id
Abstract
Corn silk, a byproduct of maize cultivation, has attracted attention due to its potential bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study investigated the extraction of bioactive compounds from corn silk using the maceration method with variations in solvent type (water and ethanol) and material-to-solvent ratios (1:5, 1:10, 1:20). Extraction yield, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total carotenoid content, and cancer cell viability using a haemocytometer were measured, and FTIR analysis was performed on the extract with the highest bioactive content. Results demonstrated that ethanol extraction at a 1:20 ratio produced the highest yield, total phenolic and flavonoid content, while total carotenoids were maximized at a 1:10 ratio. FTIR spectra of the optimal extract revealed the presence of phenolic, alcoholic, and carbonyl functional groups, confirming the profile of key bioactive compounds. Cancer cell viability assays showed significant inhibition of cell proliferation with the ethanol 1:20 extract compared to the control, indicating potential cytotoxic activity. These findings highlight that maceration parameters, including solvent type and material-to-solvent ratio, are critical for maximizing the extraction of bioactive compounds from corn silk. The study provides a methodological basis for producing pharmacologically relevant corn silk extracts and emphasizes their potential use in natural health products and cancer research.
