Physicochemical Quality of Transparent Solid Soap with The Addition of Forest Honey (Apis dorsata) as an Environmentally Friendly Sanitizer Agus Susilo (a*), Dodyk Pranowo (b), Miftakhul Cahyati (c), Nurjannah (d), and Asep Awaludin Prihanto (e), Dewi Masyithoh (f), Indha Fitria Pangesti (a), Ahmad Yuda Ihwanudin (b)
a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*agussusilo[at]ub.ac.id
b) Faculty of Agricultutal Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
c) Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
d) Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
e) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia
f) Faculty of Animal Science, University of Islam Malang, Malang 65144, Indonesia
Abstract
Soap is the result of a saponification reaction between fatty acids and bases, which produces soap and glycerol. Transparent solid soap has attracted public attention because it is more attractive and can be used as a body cleanser. Forest honey (Apis cerana) is known to contain secondary metabolites, namely alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which have antibacterial and antioxidant activity. So honey has been developed as a business innovation in product diversification. This research aims to determine the physicochemical quality of transparent solid soap with the addition of forest honey. The research method used was laboratory experiments with the addition of honey concentration to transparent soap formulations with concentration values of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The parameters observed were L*a*b color, pH, texture (breaking power), water content, foaming power, free fatty acids, and antioxidant IC50. The results of the research show that transparent soap with the addition of honey has an average value for colors L*, a*, and b*, respectively, of 27.48-40.60, (-5.12)-(1.40), 3.06-10.93. The pH value and texture of soap have an average value of 9.48-10.17 and 8.47-13.27 N, respectively. The average water content, foaming power, and free fatty acid content were 10.73-13.42%, 73.64-87.72%, and 0.24-0.64%, respectively. The average antioxidant activity (IC50) of soap have average values of 0.24-0.64 and 1.48-1.86 μ-g/mL. The best treatment for adding honey to transparent soap in accordance with SNI 06-3532-1994 is 10% (P2) in terms of the parameter values of pH, texture, foam content, antioxidant activity, and water content.
