Modeling of an electrically driven PEM fuel cell bus Hamit Solmaz1, Turan Alp Arslan2, Tolga Kocakulak3
1Automotive Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
2Automotive Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
3Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Vocational High School of Technical Sciences, Burdur, Turkey
Abstract
When the literature and the goals of the leading companies in the automotive industry are examined, it is seen that the transition to electrification and renewable energy sources in the automotive industry is inevitable. It is known that the most ideal renewable energy source for mobile systems is hydrogen. The most efficient conversion of hydrogen into electrical energy occurs with proton exchange fuel cells. Energy efficiency and environmental pollution factors are of great importance in transportation. The use of public transportation plays a major role in improving these factors. In this study, the use of proton exchange fuel cells on buses used in urban public transportation and the effects of the bus and its parameters on energy efficiency and hydrogen consumption were examined. Hydrogen consumption and performance parameters were examined and evaluated in detail on the created bus model, depending on vehicle parameters and diffirent driving conditions. Models of the power, linear vehicle, control and energy systems of the PEM fuel cell bus were created in the Matlab/Simulink environment. In the power system model, the electric motor characteristic map is used. Vehicle speed control is provided by PID controls. In the vehicle linear model, a model of the resistance forces acting on the vehicle was created. In the energy system, there is a fuel cell system and battery pack model. The main energy source of the bus energy system is the hydrogen and fuel cell stack. A battery pack was used to balance the voltage and meet sudden power needs. Under different bus parameters and driving conditions: average hydrogen consumption, fuel cell efficiency, bus range value. Average hydrogen consumption, fuel cell efficiency and bus range values under different bus parameters and driving conditions will be obtained and explained in detail. Studies are continuing for the results section.
Keywords: PEM fuel cell, electric bus, hydrogen, modelling
