The Typology and Components of Telajakan Subak As a Model of a Sustainable Landscape in Anggabaya Village, Bali I Made Agus Dharmadiatmika*, Naniek Kohdrata, Kadek Edi Saputra and Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika
Landscape Architecture, Agriculture Faculty, Udayana University
Abstract
This research is an exploratory study of the traditional Balinese landscape component called subak in the context of a sustainable urban environment. The research was carried out in the subak of Anggabaya Village which is located on the outskirts of Denpasar City, Bali Province. The pressure of residential growth in the city of Denpasar has occurred and spread to the city perimeter. The massive growth of the city has been affecting the existence of urban rice fields which are actually capable to function as green open spaces to balance built-up spaces. In this study, the focus is given to a plot of land in the rice field which is named telajakan subak. This study will examine the types, components and uses of the telajakan subak of Anggabaya Village in an urban setting, which is rarely done by other researchers. This study uses a qualitative research method. Data were collected using survey method. The study applies five elements of architecture as an approach to determine function, form, structure, construction and materials (soft elements and hard elements). The results show that there are two groups of telajakan subak types, namely those formed naturally and those man made ones. The types of natural and artificial subak telajakan are influenced by the function of the buildings in Subak, accessibility, irrigation channels and rivers. The telajakan arrangement consists of plants that function to support ceremonial activities, consumption and animal feed which are arranged irregularly. The dominant trailing pattern that is formed is elongated following the shape of the river and road. The telajakan subak show the potential to serve as a landscape structure that can support the sustainability of urban landscapes, especially concerning recent climate change issues. The telajakan subak has a significant contribution to the welfare of farmers to support daily needs such as consumption, social activities, culture and religious rituals.
