The Oil Industry in Pangkalan Brandan 1890-1930s Ririn Darini
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Abstract
This study aims to explain the emergence and development of the Pangkalan Brandan oil industry by the Koninklijke oil company and the influence of this industry on the development of the infrastructure of the region. This research uses historical methods which include source search, source criticism, interpretation, and historical writing. The results showed that the discovery of oil reserves in Pangkalan Brandan was a milestone in the development of the oil industry in the Dutch East Indies. The discovery of the oil field has transformed Pangkalan Brandan from a village into an industrial city with various facilities. It encourages the development of both physical and social infrastructure. Physical infrastructure includes a network of roads (highway and railway), oil refineries, ports, and packaging factories, while social infrastructure includes development in the fields of health and education. Pangkalan Brandan^s economy was growing rapidly due to this industry. The population has increased significantly due to the influx of labor for this industry. However, this development tends to only support the industry and was not oriented towards improving the people^s standard of living. Yet, the development had limited effects on the socio-economic improvement of local people.
