Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon Removal in Crude Oil through Land Farming Bioremediation by Brevibacterium casei and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteria Tasya Terry Putri Hendrotomo, Astri Rinanti*, Ratnaningsih Ruhiyat, Melati Ferianita Fachrul, Astari Minarti, Sarah Aphirta, Lutfia Rahmiyati, Sheilla Megagupita Putri Marendra, Thalia Sunaryo
Environmental Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Technology, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Crude oil exploitation activity has the potential to bring negative impact on the environment and the ecosystem because as hazardous and toxic waste, it can cause pollutions in soil, groundwater, and/or surface water. The objective of this environmental biotechnology literature study is to study enzymatic ability of Brevibacterium casei and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria to utilize hydrocarbon contained by crude oil as nutrient to overcome environmental pollution due to crude oil waste exposure. Brevibacterium casei and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria were grown in a Minimal Salts Media (MSM) as growth media, which contains micro and macro nutrients without carbon source. After that, crude oil polluted soil sample was added on a sterile condition and inserted into a reactor batch. Sampling was conducted every day until this research was finished. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) is measured with a Gas Chromatography (GC). Crude oil removal efficiency is shown by TPH removal percentage during the research. Both type of bacteria is working optimally on 30-35 C and optimum level of pH is between 7.0-8.0 to degrade polluted soil sample of 69% up to more than 76.2%. On pilot scale implementation, land farming method with 500 m3 of volume requires 972 litres of bacteria with detention time of between 18 to 23 days. This literature study regarding crude oil bioremediation has provided an environmentally solution to overcome crude oil pollution on soil.
