The Influence of Higher Order Thinking Skills and Science Process Skills in 21st Century Education Irham Nugroho, Minzani Aufa, Novita Nurul Chasanah, Defa Ajeng Wardani
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Magelang, Indonesia, 56172
Abstract
An important demand of 21st century education is to improve students^ cognitive abilities. Higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) and science process skills (SPS) emphasize knowing facts, relating them to other relevant information, and using them to solve new problems. Based on the data, more than 50% of the implementation of learning is not principled in the nature of science. In fact, the changes to the independent curriculum have not fully supported good learning practices. This paper aims to review the factors that influence the application of HOTS and SPS in science learning in schools. Information was collected by purposive sampling using a qualitative methodology. This study revealed that three out of nine school principals stated that they had never conducted socialization on the implementation of HOTS and SPS. Planning, implementing, and evaluating learning that is not yet mature and the teacher^s limitations in understanding are the main factors in not implementing HOTS and SPS in schools. The principal has a central role in motivating teachers in their implementation so that teachers^ perceptions of HOTS and SPS have an impact on students^ cognitive abilities.
Keywords: Cognitive abilities, Higher order thinking skills, Science process skills, 21st century education
