The Effect of Soil Chemical on the Productivity of Specific Cocoa in West Sulawesi Baja S 1) , Harli 2) L Asrul 3) , R Padjung4) , R. Neswati 5)
1,3,4,5 ) Hasanuddin University, Makassar
2) Al Asyariah Mandar University, West Sulawesi
Abstract
As one of the largest producing country of cocoa in the world, cocoa plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. Nevertheless, cocoa bean production has continued to decline since 2012 in several cocoa producer regions in Indonesia including West Sulawesi. The main problem for cocoa in Indonesia is the low productivity of the plant. The average productivity of cacao plants in West Sulawesi in 2019 was only 797 kg/ha/year. The productivity of the cocoa plant can reach 2,000-3,000 kg/ ha/year. One of the causes of the low productivity of the cocoa plant is the mismatch of soil chemical properties. The study uses quantitative methods with a deductive approach. This research took place in four districts in West Sulawesi, namely Polewali Mandar, Majene, Mamasa and Mamuju Regencies. The determination of the 30 point representative profiles was based on cocoa productivity data. The results showed that there was a correlation between CEC and cocoa productivity. The amount of exchangeable bases (Ca, Ma and K) has a significant effect on cocoa plants in the high productivity category. There is a negative correlation of salinity for cocoa plants in the high productivity category (1500-2500 kg / ha / year. Higher salinity causes lower productivity of cocoa plants. Likewise in the low productivity category (<800kg/ha/year). There is no correlation between pH H20 with cocoa productivity at all representative profile points There was a positive correlation between pH H2O and other soil chemical characteristics, namely C-Organic, salinity, base saturation and the number of bases can be exchanged
Keywords: effect, chemical of soil, productivity, cocoa
