Comparative Evaluation of Solid-State and Ionization Chamber Detectors for Dose Metric Accuracy in Fluoroscopy Dandi Hambali (a,b*), Dwy Hervin (c), Lukmanda Evan Lubis (b), Djarwani S. Soejoko (b)
a) Jakarta Medical Devices and Facilities Safety Center, Jl. Percetakan Negara No.23A, Jakarta 10570, Indonesia
b) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, Depok 16424, Indonesia
*dandi.hambali31[at]ui.ac.id
c) Fatmawati Hospital, Jl. RS. Fatmawati Raya, Jakarta 12430, Indonesia
Abstract
An angiography system is an interventional fluoroscopy modality characterized by complex radiation exposure and the potential for high radiation doses due to prolonged procedure durations. Therefore, consistent and accurate dose monitoring using an integrated kerma-area product (KAP) meter is required. However, this KAP meter must be verified and calibrated using reliable reference instruments. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of X-ray multimeters (XMMs) using a standard ionization chamber as a reference in air kerma rate measurements and to evaluate the reliability of XMMs as reference instrument for KAP meters verification. An experimental study was performed using eight XMMs under clinical fluoroscopy interventional conditions. Air kerma rate measurements were performed across RQA 4 - 7, while KAP meter verification was conducted under Clinical Fluoroscopy and Cine modes at 60 - 90 kV. Data were analysed using mean values and standard deviation. The correction value is also used to compare the measured value with the reference value. The results showed that XMM correction factors for air kerma rate range of 1 - 12%, decreasing at higher energies. In KAP meter verification, correction factors reached up to 18% in Cine Mode and 13% in Fluoroscopy Mode, indicating differences in measurement characteristics between modes. These results indicate that XMM response depends on beam energy and quality- therefore, the application of specific correction factors is required to ensure accurate and reliable dose measurements.
Keywords: Fluoroscopy, KAP meter, X-ray multimeters (XMM), Air kerma rate, Correction factor
