Performance Measurement and Energy Yield Analysis of Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems on State University Buildings in Tropical Urban Climate: A Case Study of Universitas Negeri Jakarta Ervina Maulida1 , Syafrima Wahyu2, Puji Suharmanto3, Maulana Amirul Adha4, Retno Dwi Lestari5, Khoiruz Zahra6
1,4 Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
2,6 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
3 Management Business Graduate School, Universiti Tun Abdul Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5 Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
This study examines the performance measurement and energy yield analysis of a rooftop photovoltaic (PV) system for the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) building at Universitas Negeri Jakarta following the removal of net metering under Indonesian Ministerial Regulation (Permen ESDM) No. 2/2024. The proposed system utilizes 180 m2 of unobstructed rooftop space, enabling the installation of a 28.6 kWp monocrystalline PV system. The analysis evaluates annual energy production, levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and payback period under a conservative self-consumption scheme aligned with the current regulatory framework. Based on Jakarta^s solar irradiance of 1,750 kWh/m2/year and a performance ratio of 0.78, the system is estimated to produce 39.8 MWh annually, equivalent to a specific yield of 1,392 kWh/kWp/year, while reducing approximately 24 tCO2 emissions each year. With an investment cost of Rp 14 million/kWp and an electricity tariff of Rp 1,699.53/kWh, the system achieves an LCOE of Rp 1,244/kWh, an NPV of Rp 119 million, an IRR of 11.0 percent, and a payback period of 8.8 years over a 25-year project lifetime. Findings indicate that campus-scale PV deployment remains economically feasible despite the elimination of net metering.
Keywords: Rooftop solar photovoltaic, Energy yield analysis, Performance ratio, Campus sustainability
