Performance Evaluation of an Arduino Driven Medical Ventilator Integrating MAX30100, Thermocouple, and OCS Sensors for Respiratory Support
Rafiuddin Syam, Aodah Diamah, Daffa Akmal Dewangga

Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Abstract

This paper presents the development and performance assessment of a low-cost, microcontroller-based emergency ventilator featuring an air-mix intake system. The prototype integrates an Arduino Mega 2560 with a MAX30100 sensor for heart rate and SpO\(_2\) monitoring, a type-K thermocouple for temperature sensing, and an OCS-3F sensor for measuring oxygen purity and flow rate. Additional components include solenoid valves, a mechanical compressor, and a \(20\times4\) LCD display. The device operates in three selectable modes: air-only, oxygen-only, and automatic air-oxygen mixing. Experimental results demonstrate that the MAX30100 sensor achieves mean errors of 0.28\% for SpO\(_2\) and 0.98\% for heart rate when compared to a commercial pulse oximeter. The thermocouple exhibits a temperature reading error ranging from 0\% to 2.74\%. Over a 60-minute test period, the OCS-3F sensor records an average oxygen purity of 84.43\% and an average flow rate of 6.48~L/min, with systematic deviations indicating the need for recalibration. The proposed system successfully provides real-time patient monitoring and controlled air-oxygen delivery, offering a viable low-cost alternative for emergency respiratory support in resource-limited settings.

Keywords: Arduino Mega 2560, emergency ventilator, MAX30100, OCS-3F sensor, air-oxygen mixing

Topic: Medical Physics and Biophysics