Volunteers and Terrorists in a Legal and Humanitarian Perspective
Adjeng Kristinawati

HUMANITY ABDI INDONESIA (NGO)
Jl. Madura No 1A Bandung 40115

Abstract

Abstract

The alleged affiliation of several non-governmental organizations and community-based organizations with terrorist groups in conflict zones, particularly in the Middle East, has raised public concern and reduced humanitarian donations. The suspension of some NGOs due to suspected links to terrorism has blurred the distinction between genuine humanitarian missions and acts of violence, creating a growing stigma against humanitarian volunteers. Based on more than six years of personal experience in conflict areas such as Syria, this article examines the fundamental differences between terrorism and humanitarian volunteerism through ontological, epistemological, and axiological perspectives. Ontologically, terrorism involves violent acts motivated by ideology or politics, while humanitarian efforts are based on principles of solidarity and compassion. Epistemologically, the spread of unverified or biased information often leads to the misidentification of humanitarian work as terrorist activity. Axiologically, humanitarian aid is guided by values such as neutrality, impartiality, and independence, aiming to assist those in need without discrimination. This study highlights the need for strong legal protection for humanitarian volunteers, referencing the Geneva Conventions, International Humanitarian Law, and the support of global institutions. In a complex international landscape, enhancing regulations, ensuring information accuracy, and deepening understanding of humanitarian values are essential to allow aid efforts to proceed without fear of unjust terrorist accusations.

Keywords: humanitarian volunteers, terrorism, Middle East, ontology, epistemology, axiology, legal protection

Keywords: humanitarian volunteers, terrorism, Middle East, ontology, epistemology, axiology, legal protection

Topic: Law and Ethics in Terms of Islamic Perspective