Just-in-Time Delivery Practices in Higher Education Institutions: A Case Study in Malacca Malaysia
Michelle Lim Jia Xuan (a), Mehran Doulatabadi (a)*, Azizah Yusof (b), Hajime Ushimaru (c)

(a) Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Malaysia
(b) INTI International University, Malaysia
(c) Meiji University, Japan

Abstract

The growing reliance on food delivery services has reshaped how university students manage their schedules, with Just-in-Time (JIT) delivery systems offering greater convenience and satisfaction. This study examines the impact of JIT food delivery service implementation-via platforms such as GrabFood-on student satisfaction at Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). Guided by Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT), the study evaluates four key factors: punctuality, food quality, delivery tracking, and price and promotion. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was adopted, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to undergraduate students who use GrabFood. A total of 375 valid responses were obtained via convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS, applying reliability tests, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Findings reveal that food quality and on-time delivery are the strongest predictors of student satisfaction, followed by delivery tracking. Price and promotion, though positively related, had a lesser effect. These results highlight the importance of speed, quality, and transparency in food delivery services to better meet university students^ expectations.

Keywords: Just-in-Time (JIT), Food Delivery Services, Student Satisfaction, Expectation-Confirmation Theory (ECT)

Topic: Innovative Education in the Digital Era