Stakeholder Roles in Pentahelix Collaboration of Islamic Philanthropic Institutions (ZISWAF): A Comparative Study between Indonesia and Malaysia in Supporting Sustainable Economic Empowerment
Neneng Nurhasanah, Udin Saripudin, Nandang Ihwanuddin, Junaidah binti Abu Seman, Muhammad Ridha Taufik Rahman, Nur Efendi, Irvan Nugraha, Sidik Ramdhan Arrasyid, Salma Nurul Fadhilah

Universitas Islam Bandung
Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia
Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Rumah Zakat

Abstract

This research aims to examine the role of stakeholders in the pentahelix collaboration model within Islamic philanthropy institutions (ZISWAF) in supporting sustainable economic empowerment. Amid the increasingly complex socio-economic dynamics of society, the great potential of ZISWAF has not yet been fully optimized through strategic and collaborative management. Challenges such as weak synergy among stakeholders, limited program innovation, and the absence of a structured collaboration platform remain the main obstacles. This research employs a mixed-method approach with qualitative data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) involving the five main elements of the pentahelix (academics, business actors, government, society, and media), as well as quantitative surveys involving the managers and beneficiaries of ZISWAF institutions. To enrich the analysis, this research also includes a comparative study between Indonesia and Malaysia, particularly in terms of institutional frameworks and stakeholder engagement. The research results show that the roles of each stakeholder in the pentahelix collaboration have been carried out, but they are still sporadic, not yet designed in a planned and structured manner, thus their effectiveness in supporting sustainable economic empowerment is not optimal. This study recommends the establishment of a special coordinating institution to enhance synergy among stakeholders and promote more effective collaborative initiatives. More structured governance practices in Malaysia for managing Islamic philanthropy serve as input for the institutional management of ZISWAF in Indonesia.

Keywords: Collaboration, pentahelix, Islamic philanthropy, empowerment, community economy

Topic: Economic Welfare in Terms of Islamic Perspective