Transformation of Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village into a Tourism Village: Spatial and Architectural Perspectives
(1) Astrid Novika Pramita, ST., MT., MPWK. (2) Dr. -Ing. I Gede Oka Sindhu Pribadi, M.Sc., M.M.

(1) PT Gemadeka Erfolga
South Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
email : astridnovika24[at]gmail.com
(20 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning
Trisakti University, Jakarta, Indonesia
email : okapribadi[at]cbn.net.id

Abstract

Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, located in Manggis District, Karangasem Regency, Bali, is one of the oldest Bali Aga (mountainous Bali) villages, known for its well-preserved cultural and architectural heritage. As a traditional village with unique customs, social structures, and architectural characteristics, it has become a major cultural tourism destination. Its distinct traditions, including the renowned Gringsing double ikat weaving, ancient rituals, and indigenous governance system, contribute to its historical and cultural significance. However, the official designation of Tenganan Pegringsingan as a cultural tourism village has led to significant transformations in its spatial organization and architectural adaptations. While tourism development has brought economic benefits and greater exposure to local traditions, it has also introduced challenges in maintaining the authenticity of the village^s built environment and cultural integrity. This study explores how these transformations have influenced the village^s spatial and architectural identity.

Using a qualitative research approach, this study employs phenomenological and spatial architectural analysis to understand the underlying reasons for transformation within the village. Data collection methods include direct observation, in-depth interviews with local residents and stakeholders, and spatial mapping of key architectural elements. The study identifies shifts in spatial arrangements, changes in building materials and construction techniques, and modifications in the function of traditional spaces. One key finding highlights how tourism has altered the village^s physical landscape without entirely erasing its traditional elements. Many houses have been adapted to accommodate souvenir shops and homestays, while public spaces have been restructured to host cultural performances and handicraft demonstrations. Additionally, the village layout has undergone subtle modifications to regulate tourist flow and minimize disruptions to daily life.

An important aspect of this research is the role of local knowledge and education in shaping spatial developments within the village. Previous studies on tourism village transformations have not examined in detail how local awareness and education influence spatial growth. This study reveals that residents^ understanding of environmental conservation and health considerations significantly impact the way the village evolves. The integration of traditional values with modern sustainability practices has played a crucial role in ensuring that the transformations align with both cultural preservation and ecological balance.

The findings of this study provide valuable insights into sustainable tourism management for traditional villages in Bali. By analyzing the spatial and architectural implications of tourism development, this research contributes to strategies that balance cultural preservation with economic growth. It underscores the necessity of community participation in decision-making processes to safeguard the village^s cultural and architectural heritage while allowing responsible tourism expansion. Ultimately, the study highlights the importance of a well-planned approach to managing tourism in traditional villages. By proactively addressing spatial and architectural challenges, Tenganan Pegringsingan can serve as a model for other customary villages in Bali, demonstrating how cultural heritage can be preserved while adapting to contemporary tourism trends. The study concludes that while transformations in Tenganan have been significant, they have been carefully managed to maintain the essence of its cultural values while incorporating local knowledge and ensuring environmental sustainability.

Keywords: Village Transformation, Traditional Architecture, Traditional Village Transformation

Topic: Creation Process of Livable Space