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Evaluating Scientific Literacy Through Competency Aspects of the PISA 2025 Framework: A Focus on Climate Change a) Department of Biology, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia Abstract Scientific literacy is a critical competency for preparing students to engage with real-world issues, especially global challenges such as climate change. The PISA 2025 framework redefines scientific literacy by emphasizing competency aspects, namely: explaining phenomena scientifically, evaluating and designing scientific inquiry, and interpreting data and evidence scientifically. This study aimed to evaluate students^ scientific literacy based on these competency aspects within the context of climate change. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected through a scientific literacy test aligned with PISA 2025 indicators, as well as questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations. The average scientific literacy score was 68.82%, categorized as moderate. Students^ distribution across PISA proficiency levels was as follows: Level 1 (1.28%), Level 2 (7.69%), Level 3 (17.95%), Level 4 (34.62%), Level 5 (32.05%), and Level 6 (6.41%). Internal factors influencing scientific literacy, including motivation and self-efficacy, had an average score of 71.75%, while external factors such as learning environment and teacher support scored 71.07%, both in the moderate category. These findings indicate that although many students reached intermediate to high competency levels, the application of contextual, issue-based, and inquiry-oriented instructional strategies remains essential. Such approaches can further enhance students^ ability to apply scientific reasoning in understanding and addressing complex environmental issues like climate change Keywords: Scientific literacy- PISA 2025 framework- Competency aspects- Climate change- Factors of scientific literacy Topic: Education in Mathematics, science and Vocational |
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