Optimizing Social Capital through Social Engineering: A Socio-Economic Development Strategy in Rural Areas
Daniel Harapan Parlindungan Simanjuntak- Supsiloani- Muhammad Iqbal- Zanrison Naibaho

Pendidikan Antropologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Medan

Abstract

This study aims to develop and validate a structured social engineering model that optimizes social capital as a catalyst for socio-economic development in rural areas. The lack of a systematic approach to empowering social capital is the main background. Grounded in the social capital theory of Putnam and Bourdieu, this research proposes social engineering as an intervention strategy to enhance social relations and community participation. A qualitative case study method was employed in Bukit Lawang Village, utilizing data collection through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and participant observation. Findings indicate a 35% increase in social network density and a 42% rise in community participation in mutual cooperation post-intervention. This model effectively strengthens collective capacity through key components such as network bridging and trust-building. Policy recommendations include institutionalizing social engineering units at the village level and integrating social capital indicators into RPJMDes evaluations.

Keywords: social engineering, social capital, rural development, social networks, norm internalization

Topic: Social Science, Linguistics, Foreign Language and Humanities