Soxhletation Ethanol Extraction of Wet Avocado Seed Oil (Persea americana Mill.) with Pre-treatment Pulsed Electric Field (PEF)
Nabila Putri Rahma Aryanti, Sukardi*, Beauty Suestining Diyah Dewanti

Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya,
Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*Email: sukardi[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract

Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) contains many vitamins, fats, and minerals that are good for the body. The part of the avocado fruit that is often discarded is the seed. Avocado seeds can produce oil extracts containing polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The method used is soxhlet extraction with Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) pretreatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the best conditions and analyze the effect of PEF pretreatment on the chemical content, quality, and yield of avocado wet seed oil compared to extraction without PEF. There are 2 types of factors, namely PEF exposure time and PEF voltage. The PEF exposure time factor consists of 3 levels, namely 15, 30, and 45 minutes. The PEF voltage factor consists of 3 levels, namely 4000, 6000, and 8000 volts. The tests carried out were in the form of yield, refractive index, water content, specific input energy of PEF, cell disintegration index, analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), antioxidant test, and antibacterial test. The data analysis process used ANOVA based on RBD (Randomized Block Design). The results of the best PEF treatment (PEF exposure time of 45 minutes and PEF voltage of 4000 volts) included, yield of 6.449%, refractive index of 1.4128, cell disintegration index of 0.2565, water content of 60.13%, GC-MS analysis contained 22 compounds, antioxidant activity (IC50) of 863.440 ppm, and antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus of 15.93 mm.

Keywords: Avocado seed- Extraction- Pulsed electric field- Soxhletation

Topic: Agricultural and bioprocess engineering