Integrated PESTLE-FMEA-HOR Framework for Risk Prioritization and Mitigation in Honey-Based Agroindustry
Wike Agustin Prima Dania(1*), Alfiatul Azizah Salsabila (1), Permana Aji Dhewasa Putra (1), Siti Asmaul Mustaniroh (1)

1) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia
*Email: wikedania[at]ub.ac.id

Abstract

The honey-based agroindustry faces significant operational risks from both internal and external sources, threatening supply chain resilience and long-term sustainability. This study develops and applies an integrated framework combining Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), House of Risk (HOR) Phase 1, and the 5W1H method to systematically identify, prioritise, and formulate actionable mitigation strategies for a honey-processing SME in Indonesia. Internal risks are categorised into process, people, system, and business domains, while external risks are assessed using the PESTLE framework (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, Environmental). From 25 identified risk events, severity, occurrence, and detection scores were used to compute Risk Priority Numbers (RPN). The top 80% of RPN values were analysed in HOR Phase 1 to calculate Aggregate Risk Potential (ARP) and identify key risk agents, which were then translated into targeted actions using 5W1H. Twelve priority risks accounted for 80.83% of total exposure, with climate change, economic recession, and inconsistent social media updates as the most critical. Proposed mitigations address climate adaptation, supply chain diversification, product innovation, and digital marketing optimisation. This integrated, resource-efficient framework directly links analytical prioritisation with implementation, offering a replicable model for enhancing resilience and sustainability in agroindustry SMEs.

Keywords: FMEA- honey production- House of Risk- operational risk- PESTLE- risk assessment

Topic: Agro-industrial system management and regulation