Geoculture as Cultural Diversity in the Aspiring Ternate Geopark Area Abdul Kadir D Arif(a*), Ida Bagus Oka Agastya(b), Reza Permadi(e), Rizal Marsaoly(c),Ronny Aries Setyono(d)
(a)Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia Pengurus Daerah Maluku Utara
(b)Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia
(c)BP Aspiring Geopark Ternate
(d)Bapelitbangda Kota Ternate
(e)Binus University
Abstract
The proposed development of the Ternate Geopark focuses on integrating geodiversity, biodiversity, and cultural richness. Cultural diversity in this region reflects the deep interaction between humans and the natural environment, particularly the geological landscape. Ternate, historically significant as a major spice trade hub, has a rich heritage of historical sites and unique cultural practices, deeply connected to Mount Gamalama. This mountain is not only a natural landmark but also central to the traditions and cultural activities in Ternate.This study utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach, mapping the cultural heritage within the Ternate Aspiring Geopark, conducting field observations on geodiversity, and analyzing the connections between cultural and geodiversity through a geocultural lens. The research identifies various forms of cultural diversity, encompassing both tangible and intangible elements. Tangible heritage includes historical sites like Kedaton Ternate, Kota Naka Fort, Tolukko Fort, Kota Janji Fort, Kalamata Fort, Oranje Fort, Ngara Lamo, the Ternate Sultanate Mosque, Sultan Baabullah^s Tomb, megalithic sites such as Jere tombs, and traditional Saloi handicrafts. Intangible heritage features traditions like Kololi Kie, Fere Kie, Wonge, and Taji Besi.The fertile volcanic soils of Ternate have historically fostered a vibrant spice culture, establishing the city as a major center in the global spice trade from the colonial period to the present, earning it the nickname ^Spice City.^ The volcanic rocks from Mount Gamalama^s eruptions were essential in constructing colonial-era forts and influenced the development of religious and cultural sites, such as the megalithic-era ^jere.^ The intangible cultural practices in the Ternate Aspiring Geopark are deeply intertwined with the region^s geodiversity, particularly with Mount Gamalama, reflecting a deep-seated reverence for nature and the Creator through various rituals.The cultural diversity in Ternate is a testament to the community^s relationship with its natural surroundings, aligning with the geopark concept, which promotes the preservation of the earth and the well-being of its people. The geocultural approach in the Ternate Aspiring Geopark is crucial in integrating geological and cultural wealth, thus enhancing the identity and appeal of the geopark both locally and globally.
Keywords: Geoculture, Ternate, Geopark, Cultural Diversity.
