Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Removing Indigo Carmine and Crystal Violet Using Biochar from Durian Peel (Durio Zibethinus) Retno Dwi Nyamiati, Putri Restu Dewati, Muhammad Redo Ramadhan, Ika Wahyuning Widiarti
1Departement of Chemical Engineering,Faculty of industrial Engineering,Universitas
Pembangunan Nasional ^Veteran^ Yogyakarta,Indonesia 55283
2Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mineral Technology Universitas
Pembangunan Nasional ^Veteran^ Yogyakarta,Indonesia 55283
Abstract
This study aims to compare the effectiveness of durian peel biochar in removing indigo carmine and crystal violet compounds from aqueous solutions. Biochar was produced from durian peels through a pyrolysis process. Adsorption tests were conducted using solutions of indigo carmine and crystal violet at the same initial concentrations. The parameters investigated included adsorption capacity, contact time, and pH. Data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models to evaluate the adsorption mechanisms and capacities. The results indicate that durian peel biochar is effective in adsorbing both dye compounds, with a higher adsorption capacity for crystal violet compared to indigo carmine. The maximum adsorption capacity for crystal violet was 6.844 mg/g, while for indigo carmine it was 192 mg/g. The optimal contact time was found to be 60 minutes for both compounds. The adsorption isotherms followed the Freundlich model for both crystal violet and indigo carmine, suggesting that the adsorption onto durian peel biochar is a heterogeneous process with a limited maximum adsorption capacity. Durian peel biochar proves to be an effective adsorbent for removing both indigo carmine and crystal violet, with higher effectiveness for indigo carmine compared to crystal violet. These findings indicate the potential of durian peel biochar as an environmentally friendly material for treating industrial wastewater containing synthetic dyes.
