Risk Assessment of Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Field of Orthotics and Prosthetics Using RULA and REBA Methods Rina Fitriana Rahmawati,Deby Eka Supadma
Jurusan Ortotik Prostetik Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta I
Abstract
Background: The productivity level of prosthetist orthotists linked to workstation, optimum workload, and healthy interaction with working environment. Prosthetist orthotists frequently engage in repetitive actions with awkward movements, which render them highly susceptible to musculoskeletal injuries. This vulnerability to musculoskeletal injuries is notably observed in PT X, a company which served custom-made prosthesis orthosis located in West Java. Based on observations, it has revealed that significant number of prosthetist orthotists at PT X operate in non-ergonomic work environments, often assuming awkward postures during their work activities.
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate prosthetist orthotist working posture in connection with their workstations. The study carried out on certain variables with primary goal of addressing question- what are the specific working postures of the prosthetist orthotist which contributed to musculoskeletal injuries, so that these postures be changed through recommended improvement.
Methods: Descriptive observational research design with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling method employed is total sampling, involving a sample size of seven individuals. The variables that became the object of research were musculoskeletal complaints and work postures. Musculoskeletal complaints were assessed using the Nordic body questionnaire, while work posture analysis is conducted per work station through photographic documentation. The evaluation of work postures is accomplished through the application of RULA and REBA.
Results: The activities of rectification, assembly, grinding, cutting thermoplast sheets, chipping positive cast, and separating plastic from positive cast have been identified as significant contributors to musculoskeletal injuries. Based on the assessment results utilizing the RULA and REBA evaluation methods, it has been determined that the rectification activity carries a moderate risk level. Conversely, the remaining activities are associated with a high risk level.
Conclusion: In all activities, the prosthetist orthotist typically maintain a standing posture without leg support for extended durations. This has led to the development of musculoskeletal injuries required appropriate treatment. To mitigate the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, it is recommended to introduce improvements in the positioning of orthotist prosthetists and enhance their workstations accordingly.
