Correlation of Morbidity with Smoking Status and The Existence of Posbindu PTM (Integrated Guidance Post For NCD) to Prepare Aging Society Health Manifestation in Indonesia
Rizma Dwi Nastiti1*, Santi Martini2, Kurnia Dwi Artanti2, Arief Hargono2, Adinda Rahma Triyaniarta3

1Master Student of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
2Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
3Bachelor Student of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia

Abstract

Background:
Indonesia foresees a demographic bonus in 2030. But by 2050, the aging population challenge looms, with 77 million elders. In an aging population, reduced physical resilience heightens susceptibility to diseases, mainly non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Comprehensive strategies are essential to address healthcare needs of the elderly. Posbindu PTM (Integrated Guidance Post for NCD) is community-based program in Indonesia aimed at monitoring NCD risk factors, promoting early intervention, including smoking prevention.
Purpose: To investigate the correlations between morbidity rates with smoking status, and Posbindu PTM implementation among Indonesia^s elderly population.
Methods: A total of 34 provinces in Indonesia were analyzed. The dependent variable is morbidity rates, the independent variables are the percentage of smoking status (active smokers, ex-smokers, non-smokers) and the percentage of villages implementing Posbindu PTM in each province. The data were obtained from the 2022 Indonesian Elderly Population Statistics Report and the 2021 Indonesian Health Profile. Spearman correlation test was used to ascertain the presence of correlations among variables.
Results: Results show that active smoker (p= 0.007- r= 0.455- direction= positive), ex-smoker (p= 0.003- r=0.497- direction= positive), and non-smoker (p= 0.002- r= -0.506- direction= negative) had significant relationship with morbidity in Indonesia^s elderly. Provinces with high prevalence of smoking among the elderly tend to have higher morbidity. Posbindu PTM data^s result indicate that it didn^t show significant relationship with morbidity (p=0.367- r= 0.160- direction= positive). The average percentage of Posbindu PTM implementations is 65%, means not all regions providing the program and not evenly distributed.
Conclusion: Posbindu PTM hasn^t been implemented well in Indonesia, even though this is potential way to maintain the health condition of all adults, moreover the elderly. More efforts and government commitment need to be optimized to prioritize health promotion and prevention from the lowest level to achieve prosperous and effective aging society.

Keywords: Elder, Smoking, Morbidity, Non-Communicable Disease, Integrated Guidance Post

Topic: Prevention/Health Promotion