The Isolation Of Phloroglucinol Derivative Compound From Ethyl Acetate Karamunting Fruit (Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa) And Test For The Inhibition Activity Of Alfa-Glucosidase Enzyme Daniel Alfarado, Ferlinahayati, Eliza
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, Jalan PalembangPrabumulih Km 32 Indralaya, Ogan Ilir, Indonesia, 30662
Abstract
Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a disease with hyperglycemia condition. One of the DM treatment is to inhibit the Alfa-glucosidase enzyme activity. Some of plant have been reported as inhibitor of Alfa-glucosidase enzyme. Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) has been reported to have a variety of activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and antiinflamatory, however there is no report about the ablility karamunting to inhibit the Alfa-glucosidase enzyme activity. According to that the research was conducted to isolate the chemical compound and determine the ability of Karamunting plant as well as the isolate compound to inhibit the activity of Alfa-glucosidase enzyme from extract, fraction and product of isolation. The extraction process was done by maceration using methanol, and then continued with liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Separation and purification of ethyl acetate fraction was conducted by vacuum liquid chromatography and radial chromatography. The isolate compound was a brownish white solid (19 mg) which decomposes at 85 C. Based on spectrum analysis UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, HMBC and the comparison with the literature, it was concluded the isolated compound is phloroglucinol derivative namely isovaleroyl phloroglucinol. The IC50 of Alfa-glucosidase enzyme activities from methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction and the isolate compound are 13,7- 9,04- 13,82- and 51,81 ppm respectively. Those extract and fractions have inhibition ability stronger than the reference inhibitor, acarbose (IC50 75,25 ppm). n-hexane fraction with IC50 value 727,96 ppm give weaker inhibition for Alfa-glucosidase enzyme than acarbose. From this research, we can conclude that karamunting plant have an ability to inhibit the enzyme Alfa-glucosidase activity.
