Green synthesis of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle by Moringa oleifera leaf extract for photocatalytic of Conge red dye Fahma Riyanti1,2*, Fitria Nursari2, Bijak Riyandi Ahadito2, Laila Hanum3, Eliza2 and Poedji Loekitowati Hariani1,2
1Research Group on Magnetic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, Indonesia
Abstract
Natural water resources can be contaminated if industrial waste is inadequately treated. The uncontrolled release of dangerous organic compounds poses a serious environmental risk. Before wastewater may be discharged into the environment, it must be processed properly. The green synthesis method, Moringa oleifera leaf extract, was used in this study to product Fe3O4 (magnetite). The green synthesis method is an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, low-toxicity, and simple method. Following that, Fe3O4 was used to photodegrade Congo red dye. XRD, SEM-EDX, VSM, UV-Vis DRS, and FTIR were used to characterize Fe3O4 products. pH of the solution, dye concentration, and irradiation time are photodegradation variables. The inclusion of Moringa oleifera leaf extract revealed that it contains flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids, which act as capping agents to prevent Fe3O4 aggregation. The resulting Fe3O4 is magnetic, with a saturation magnetization value of 80.25 emu/g and a band gap energy of 1.42 eV. At a solution pH of 3, Congo red concentration of 50 mg/L, and an irradiation time of 30 minutes, the photodegradation effectiveness was 95.88%. After five consecutive reuse cycles, Fe3O4 shows outstanding photostability. According to the findings of this study, Fe3O4 is particularly promising for processing dye-containing waste.
Keywords: green synthesis, Fe3O4, photodegradation, Congo red
