The Concentration Effect on Specific Absorption Rate of Green Synthesized Fe3O4/Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications
Laeli Alvi Nikhmah, Marhan Ebit Saputra, Nurul Imani Istiqomah, Rivaldo Marsel Tumbelaka, and Edi Suharyadi (*)

Department of Physics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

*Corresponding author: esuharyadi[at]ugm.ac.id

Abstract

Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using green and surface-modified Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSN). The combination is very promising in magnetic hyperthermia therapy applications because it has biocompatible characteristics and synergy between controlled local heat production and preventing agglomeration. The green synthesis method is known for its environmental friendliness, low toxicity, low cost, and simple process. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern shows the inverted spinel structure of Fe3O4. After Fe3O4 was coated with MSN, there was a decrease in Fe2O3 phase from 48.9 to 33.8% indicating that MSN played a role in reducing the oxidation process on Fe3O4. Then, the crystallite size decreased from 10.5 to 10.3 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra confirmed that Fe3O4/MSN was successfully fabricated, indicated by the presence of Fe-O and Si-O-Si functional groups at wave numbers 586 cm-1 and 1041 cm-1, respectively. SEM results showed that Fe3O4/MSN has a homogeneous morphology. Meanwhile, EDX spectra showed the elemental composition of Fe3O4/MSN namely Fe, Si, and O with percentages of 53.5, 41.5, and 5%, respectively. VSM results showed that the saturation magnetization of Fe3O4 and Fe3O4/MSN decreased from 55.3 emu/g to 53.4 emu/g. In contrast, the coercivity increased from 58 to 150 Oe. In addition, we investigated the effect of Fe3O4/MSN mass on the SAR value for magnetic hyperthermia applications. The larger the mass, the smaller the SAR value obtained. The specific absorption rate (SAR) value increases as the applied AC magnetic field strength increases. The SAR value obtained from Fe3O4/MSN nanoparticles is 78.9 to 155.4 mW/g at different magnetic field strengths. Moreover, these results prove that green synthesis of Fe3O4/MSN nanoparticles is a promising combination and has the potential to optimize the performance of magnetic hyperthermia applications in the future.

Keywords: Surface modification, Fe3O4/MSN, Green synthesis, Magnetic hyperthermia

Topic: Biophysics and Medical Physics