Population Evacuation Modeling using Agent-Based Model and Social-Force Model
Alya Mutiara Firdausyi, Septian Ulan Dini, Sevi Nurafni, Sparisoma Viridi

Institut Teknologi Bandung

Abstract

Good emergency management is essential in planning events that have the potential to endanger lives, one of which is preparing for an effective and efficient evacuation. Evacuation evaluation using a fire drill is not optimal because it does not describe the actual emergency, therefore agent-based modeling is carried out to see interactions between individuals and their environment during the evacuation process. ABM is combined with a social-force model which is the source of the agent^s movement style toward goals and avoiding obstacles. The simulation is carried out using NetLogo 6.3.0 software which can represent agents spread across a 2-dimensional room with variations in room size, exits, and the number of agents involved. Several characteristics are given to agents to cause heterogeneity, including age categories in the form of children, adults, elderly, and disabilities which will determine the agent^s walking speed. The measurements observed were the average duration of evacuation and the average speed of agents. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that the use of the social style model will lead to the emergence of collective behavior such as clogging and arching in agents. The same population density in different room areas will affect the duration of evacuation, whereas a larger room area will cause the agent to travel a greater distance to the exit. An increase in evacuation duration will accelerate rapidly at low densities and slow down as density increases.

Keywords: agent-based modeling- evacuation- NetLogo- population density- social-force model

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