HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE AND CELLULAR IMMUNE RESPONSE OF CORONAVAC VACCINE FOLLOWING COVID19 VACCINATION
Luhut Suryanugraha, B. Rina A. Sidharta

Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/Dr. Moewardi Hospital at Surakarta, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia

Abstract

Inactivated coronavirus disease (COVID19) vaccine, CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech) has constraint in stimulating cellular immune response compared to humoral immune response leading to inability to produce antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2) which plays role in providing neutralization and protection from SARSCoV2. Humoral and cellular immune responses can be evaluated by examining CD4 and CD8 percentages, respectively. This study analyzed the potentiality of inactivated COVID19 vaccine in inducing humoral and cellular immune responses by evaluating its correlation with SARSCoV2 antibody. A cross sectional study was performed in 50 healthcare workers who met our inclusion criteria. The CD4 and CD8 T cells were examined with BD FACSCanto II using flowcytometry. ROCHE Cobas E411 with electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) was employed for examining SARSCoV2 antibody. Spearman Correlation test was used for analysing the data statistically and the significance was determined with p value less than 0.05. This study obtained the mean values of CD4 percentages, CD8 percentages and SARSCoV2 antibody were 32.98+-7.74%, 27.72+-8.58%, and 87.18+-142.95 Uml-1, respectively. The correlation test yielded statistically significant positive weak correlation of CD4 with SARSCoV2 antibody (r=0.322 p=0.023) and significant negative weak correlation of CD8 with SARSCoV2 antibody (r= -0.297 p=0.036). To sum up, there are positive correlation of CD4 percentage and negative correlation of CD8 percentage with SARSCoV2 antibody. This evidences that inactivated COVID19 vaccine can produce humoral immune response. However, the finding of negative correlation indicates that the ability of this vaccine to induce cellular immune response has not been able to be proven.

Keywords: COVID-19, CD4 percentage, CD8 percentage, SARS CoV 2 antibody, CoronaVac inactivated vaccine.

Topic: Medical : basic science, clinical, translational research, medical education, and miscellaneous