Red Cell Distribution Width as Mortality Predictor in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Nizamuddin U, Kevin K, Vita M, M. Shidqi, Arinta S, Sherly Y, Prihadi E.w

Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Department Dustira Army Hospital
Cardiology and Vascular Medicine Department Udayana Army Hospital
Faculty of Medicine Jenderal Ahmad Yani University

Abstract

Introduction. Inflammation plays important role in atherosclerosis which is the primary mechanism in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Red cell distribution width (RDW) as a consequence of systemic inflammation has been researched to be associated with morbidity and mortality in ACS. There are little data available about the association between RDW levels with GRACE and TIMI risk score.

Objectives. Purpose of this study was to determine the association between RDW with GRACE and TIMI score in ACS patients.

Method. A total of 1000 ACS patients were recruited into this study retrospectively from patients that admitted to Cardiology Department at Dustira Army Hospital. Patient assessment and medical record review were performed from January 2019 to January 2020.

Result. The GRACE risk score was significantly higher in the group with high RDW value compared to those with moderate and low RDW value respectively (158 (144-174), 130 (114.5-149), 124 (104-147.75), P<0.001). Similarly, TIMI score for UAP, NSTEMI and STEMI were significantly higher in the group with high RDW value compared to those with moderate and low RDW value respectively (4 (3-4), 3 (3-4), 3 (3-3), P<0.001), (5 (4-5), 4, 4 (4-5), P<0.001) and (7 (5-8), 5 (5-6), 6 (5-6), P<0.001). Moreover, both GRACE (r=0.347, P<0.001) and TIMI UAP, NSTEMI and STEMI (r=0.161, r=0.263, r=0.295, P<0.001) score showed a significant positive correlation with RDW respectively.
Conclusion. RDW is convenient, inexpensive and reproducible biomarker for ACS prognosis.

Keywords: Red cell distribution width, acute coronary syndrome, GRACE score, TIMI score

Topic: Biomedical Science