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Assessing disease severity and incidence of rice blast under natural infections in different rates of Nitrogen and planting system 1) Assessment Institute of Agricultural Technology Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesian Agency of Agricultural Research and Development, Jl. M. Yamin No. 89, Puwatu, Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia Abstract The study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen rates and planting systems on incidence and severity of rice blast under naturally infected rice plants and its relationship to rice yield performance. Recommended nitrogen rate for both direct seeding was 93.2kg/ha. Treatments consisted of 75% recommended-N rate, 100% recommended-N rate, 150% recommended-N, and existing farmer^s practice. Treatments were applied in a three-way splitted-N application at 14, 30, and 45 days after planting, respectively. The results indicate that rates of N fertilization affected disease incidence of the rice blast where low-N application was generally lower than recommended-N rate, high-N rate, and farmer^s practice, both on jajar legowo 2:1 and broadcasted direct seeding. This study revealed that recommended-N application, although has higher disease incidence than low-N application, could tolerate yield loss due to rice blast by producing more productive tillers, number of grains per panicle, and reducing number of unfilled grains. This study generally showed that jajar legowo 2:1 direct seeding gave lower disease incidence and severity to the rice blast than broadcasted direct seeding. The study suggested recommended-N rate, based on soil test kit of IAARD, and jajar legowo 2:1 direct seeding could be incorporated to the rice blast management strategies. Keywords: rice blast, nitrogen rates, planting system, disease incidence Topic: Integrated Pest and Disease Management |
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