Study of Climate and Land Use Change as Considerations for Sustainable Agricultural in the Saddang Watershed
Syamsu Rijal(a), Munajat Nursaputra(a), Chairil A(a), Try Ardiansah(a), Anwar Umar(a), Delwin Ipang Kartopa(a)

a. Laboratory of Planning and Forestry Information System, Faculty of Forestry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar

Abstract

South Sulawesi is one of the regions in Indonesia as a food producer. South Sulawesi does not only have arable land and farming communities but also supported by the availability of water sourced from the watershed. Saddang Watershed is one of the watersheds in South Sulawesi, which supplies water for agricultural land. However, the current challenge is climate change and land-use change that affect the sustainability of agricultural land. As a response, analysis starting with climate change analysis with rainfall projection using CSIRO general circulation model Mk3-6-0. Landuse change analysis using remote sensing methods with Landsat Imagery in 2000 and 2020. Landuse calculated as land condition based on erosion rate with Universal Soil Loss Equation methods. Land conditions are a necessary consideration to formulate directions for sustainable agricultural land. The results of the rainfall projection in 2040 showed an increase in rainfall. The rainfall increase occurs during the rainy season (October to January), while the decrease in rainfall occurs during the dry season (July to September). Climate change was changed farmers cropping patterns, which usually started in October. As a response, it is necessary to increase the farmers adaptation, such as selecting plant types and mitigation activities by making reservoirs as a source of water and preparing to enter the dry season. Landuse change showed there had been a significant increase in agricultural lands, such as rice fields, agricultural and plantation land. The increase of agricultural land was converted from dry land to mixed agricultural brushwood. Most of the land conditions from dry land agricultural and dryland agricultural mixed brushwood have a high erosion level. To maintain sustainable agricultural land, vegetative techniques are carried out. Vegetative techniques are useful for reducing erosion rates in the form of agroforestry, alley planting, and planting along contours.

Keywords: climate change- land-use change- erosion- sustainable agricultural land

Topic: Biodiversity and Climate Change