Selection of several hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes under low nitrogen condition
Azmi Nur Karimah Amas (a), Muhammad Yusril Hardiansyah (a), Yunus Musa (a) and Andi Rusdayani Amin (a)

(a) Department of Agronomy, Agrotechnology Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Nitrogen is an important nutrient that is needed by maize plants in all growth stages. Low soil N nutrient content is a limiting factor in efforts to increase the maize production. Hybrid maize varieties are generally very responsive to fertilization and have high yields in optimal environments in contrast to abiotic stress conditions such as low nitrogen. Therefore, it is necessary to develop hybrid maize with low N tolerance by genotyping at low N fertilization conditions. The research aims to obtain a genotypes of low nitrogen tolerant hybrid maize with high production and to determine which characters have high heritability values. The research was carried out in the Experimental Garden of the Cereals Plant Research Institute, Bajeng Subdistrict, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research was arranged in a Split Plot Design with the main plot is a dose of nitrogen (0 kg N/ha, 100 kg N/ha, 200 kg N/ha) while subplots were genotypes hybrid maize consist of 12 genotypes and 3 comparative varieties (Nasa 29, Bisi 18, and Jakarin 1). The results showed that the hybrid nitrogen tolerant genotypes of low nitrogen with high production were AVLN 83-2 x AVLN 124-9 genotypes in the treatment without nitrogen fertilization and AVLN 83-2 x AVLN 32-8, AVLN 83-2 x AVLN 124-4 , AVLN 83-2 x AVLN 124-9, AVLN 83-2 x AVLN 100-1, AVLN 122-2 x AVLN 124-9, AVLN 122-2 x AVLN 100-1, and AVLN 118-7 x AVLN 124- 9 at a nitrogen dose of 100 kg/ha. The conclusion of this research is that there are several genotypes that are tolerant of low nitrogen and there are several characters with high heritability values such as ear weight, ear diameter, ear length, 1000 seed weight, and productivity.

Keywords: Selection, hybrid maize, nitrogen.

Topic: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology