Phyllanthus emblica influence on the production capacity of the Interleukin 10 and Interleukin 12 in Mus musculus inoculated with Plasmodium berghei
N Asmilia (a*), Y Fahrimal(b*), M Abrar(c*), Rinidar (d*), Rusli (a*), F Athailah (b*) and Sugito (a*)

a*) Clinical Laboratory Veterinary Medicine, b*)Parasitology Laboratory, c*) Microbiology Laboratory, d*) Farmacology Laboratory Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstract

Malaria is still a major problem for health throughout the world including Indonesia. Previous research on the antimalarial activity of ethanol extract of Malacca leaf using Plasmodium falciparum has shown excellent parasitemia inhibitory activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Phyllantus emblica ethanol extract on the production capacity of IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines in mice inoculated with Plasmodium berghei. This study was a laboratory experimental study using a post-test only control group design. The samples used were 20 male mice (Mus musculus) with body weight 20-25 grams, and aged 6-8 weeks. The infected mice were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups consisting of 4 mice. K0 as negative control group (given P. berghei without malacca leaf extract)- K1 as positive control group (given P. Berghei and chloroquin 5 mg / kg BW- groups K2, K3, and K4, were given P. berghei and malacca leaf extract at doses of 300, 600, and 1200 mg / kgBW. Administration of chloroquin and malacca leaf extract was carried out on the first day of the study 1 hour after the degree of parasitemia reached 30-40%. The administration of chloroquin and malacca leaf extract was every day for 4 consecutive days. The mice production capacity of IL-10 and IL-12 was measured using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method, then a microplate reader was used to read Optical Density (OD). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Duncan test.The IL10 and IL-12 levels showed significant differences (p <0.05). The conclusion of this study is that Phyllantus emblica increased IL-12 production capacity and decreased IL-10 capacity, therefore, Phyllantus emblica could serve as an alternative antimalarial drug as it has protective role during malaria infection.

Keywords: Phyllantus emblica, Plasmodium berghei, Interleukin 10, Interleukin 12

Topic: Biology and Biomedical Science